RU2347615C1 - Toroidal device for separation of seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: toroidal device for seeds cleaning consists of charging-discharging facility, of drive and screening surface installed by means of spring elements. The screening surface is made in form of torus with multifaceted screw surface along perimeter of sections each made of a perforated strip bent into one side along direct lines arranged at angle to edges of the perforated strip, when screens of different sizes in form of equilateral and isosceles triangles are alternately formed along the length of the perforated strip. Two identical isosceles triangles are located with their bases on both sides of the biggest equilateral triangle; on both sides of these isosceles triangles two identical equilateral triangles are situated with two identical isosceles triangles disposed to the latter with their bases; the equilateral triangle is located on one of the isosceles triangles. Also sides of lesser equilateral triangles differ from the sides of bigger equilateral triangles by the same linear value; while sections are connected to each other with free sides of the said triangles thus forming broken screw lines and screw screening surfaces on the exterior and interior screening surface.

EFFECT: upgraded quality of seed cleaning.

9 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, and in particular to machines for cleaning seeds from litter.

A device for cleaning seeds is known (see AS USSR No. 1808417, class B07B 1/22, 1993), comprising loading, unloading devices, a drive and a screening surface installed by means of elastic elements made in the form of successively installed identical sections, each of which is made in the form of isosceles prisms or oblique parallelepipeds, rotated relative to the previous one by an angle of 90 ° around the axis of the screening surface with the formation of zigzag or helical lines along the perimeter with a constant pitch.

A disadvantage of the known device is the lack of operational and technological capabilities, as well as significant dimensions in length.

Closest to the proposed invention is a device for cleaning seeds (see patent No. 2176563, class B07B 1/22, 2001), comprising loading, unloading devices, a drive and a screening surface installed by means of elastic elements, made in the form of spatial sections connected in series, each of which is made in the form of isosceles prisms or in the form of oblique parallelepipeds, rotated relative to the previous one by an angle of 90 ° around the axis of the screening surface with the formation of a zigzag around the perimeter znyh or screw lines with variable pitch.

The disadvantages of the prototype are: insufficient operational and technological capabilities, as well as significant dimensions in length.

The technical result of the task is to expand operational and technological capabilities, as well as reducing the overall length.

The technical result is achieved in that in a toroidal device for cleaning seeds, containing loading, unloading devices, a drive and a screening surface elastically installed by means of other elements, the latter is made in the form of a torus with a polyhedral helical surface around the perimeter of sections, each of which is mounted from a perforated strip bent to one side in straight lines placed at an angle to the edges of the perforated strip, with alternating formation along the length of the perforated strip ra knowing the size of the sieves in the form of equilateral and isosceles triangles, while on the two sides of the largest equilateral triangle there are two identical isosceles triangles with their bases, on the sides of which are two identical equilateral triangles with two identical isosceles triangles located to them, on one of which an equilateral triangle is located, and the sides of smaller equilateral triangles differ from the sides of large equilateral triangles by the same linear value, and the sections are connected to each other by the free sides of the mentioned triangles with the formation on the outer and inner sifting surface of broken helical lines and helical sifting surfaces.

According to the patent literature not found a technical solution similar to the claimed, which allows to judge the inventive step of a toroidal device for cleaning seeds.

The novelty of the proposal lies in the fact that along the inner surface of the screening surface, broken oppositely directed helical lines and screw perforated surfaces are formed, which increases the intensity of mixing and separation, expands technological capabilities.

The novelty is due to the fact that the sieves from which the screening surface is assembled around the perimeter are different in area, shape and size, so the intensity and efficiency of mixing, separation increases, and technological capabilities expand.

The novelty is also due to the fact that the pitch of the broken helix is variable, i.e. varies around the entire perimeter of the screening surface, which violates the stationary motion of particles of the separated material and expands technological capabilities.

The novelty of the proposal also lies in the fact that along the entire perimeter of the screening surface, the passage section varies not only in shape, but also in area, which provides alternate compression and expansion of the mass of a part of the separated material in each cross section of the screening surface, which means it increases the separation efficiency and extends technological opportunities.

The novelty also lies in the fact that the screening surface is made of sections, the sieves of which are not only inclined to each other, but also to the direction of the rotational movement of the particles of the separated material moving under the influence of vibration in planes perpendicular to the passage section of the screening surface, which complicates the trajectory of their movement , increases the intensity of their collisions and expands technological capabilities.

The novelty is due to the fact that the screening surface is made in the form of a torus with a polyhedral helical surface around the perimeter, which reduces the length of the device.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 schematically shows the proposed toroidal device for cleaning seeds; figure 2 - screening surface, top view; figure 3 is a section aa of figure 2; figure 4 is a section of a screening surface, axonometric projection; 5 is a perforated strip with marked straight lines; 6 is a diagram of the assembly of the screening surface; Fig.7 is a section bB in Fig.2; in Fig.8 is a section bb in Fig.2; figure 9 is a cross section GG in figure 2;

The toroidal device for cleaning seeds (Fig. 1) consists of a bed 1, on which, using springs 2, an unloading device "P" is elastically fixed and equipped with a vibrator 3, to which the screening surface 4 is rigidly attached. The loading device is not shown in the drawings.

The screening surface 4 is mounted (figure 2, figure 3) from sections 5 (figure 4), highlighted in figure 2 by triple lines 70-71-49-90-48-70. Section 5 is made of a perforated strip M (Fig. 4, Fig. 5), bent to one side along straight lines A, B, C, D, D, E, G, placed at an angle to the edges of the strip M with the formation of alternately different sieve sizes in the form of equilateral 6, 7, 8, 9 and isosceles 10, 11, 12, 13 triangles. At the same time, on the two sides of the largest equilateral triangle 7, two identical isosceles triangles 11 and 12 are placed with their bases (double lines in FIG. 5). The bases of the triangles 11 and 12 are larger than the sides by the same amount, for example (Δ). Equilateral triangles 6 and 8 are placed to the lateral side of triangles 11 and 12, the sides of which are smaller than an equilateral triangle 7, respectively, also by (Δ). To the sides of triangles 6 and 8, isosceles triangles 10 and 13 are placed with their bases. The bases (shown in Fig. 5 with triple lines) of isosceles triangles 10 and 13 are also larger than their lateral sides by a value (Δ). Equilateral triangle 9, the sides of which are smaller than triangles 6 and 8 by an amount of (Δ) and accordingly less than triangle 7 by an amount of (2Δ), respectively, is placed to triangle 13. After bending the perforated strip M along the lines A, B, C, D, D, E, Zh to one side, the ends of the perforated strip M are connected along the line (shown in Fig. 4 with a triple line), for example, by welding to form section 5 (Fig. four). Sections 5 are connected to each other by the free sides of triangles 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, for example by welding (Fig.6) with the formation of a screening surface 4 (Fig.1, Fig.2, Fig.3) . Broken helical lines are formed on the outer and inner screening surface 4, for example, as shown in FIG. 2 by a thickened line: a closed broken helical line 14-15-16-17-18-19-20-21-22-23-24-25 -26-27-28-29-30-31-32-33-34-35-36-37-38-39-40-41-42-43-44-45-46-47-48-49-50 -51-52-53-14 and closed broken helix 54-55-56-57-58-59-60-61-62-63-64-65-66-67-68-69-70-71-72 -73-74-75-76-77-78-79-80-81-82-83-84-85-86-87-88-89-90-91-92-93-54 (in Fig. 2 invisible sections of helix lines are shown by two parallel lines: solid and dashed lines, and the invisible points of a broken helix are taken in parentheses).

As a result, on the inner and outer surfaces of the screening 4, between the broken helical lines, helical surfaces are formed from triangles of various shapes, sizes and sizes, and the screening surface 4 itself has a flow area that varies in shape, size of sides and sectional area ( Fig.7, Fig.8, Fig.9).

A toroidal device for cleaning seeds works as follows.

The perturbing force of the vibrator 3 through the walls of the screening surface 4 is transmitted to the particles of the material to be separated inside the screening surface 4, and the particles of the material to be separated under the influence of vibration rotate in a plane perpendicular to the cross section of the screening surface 4. Since the particles move with this rotational movement sieves are located at different angles, then the particles of the separated material are forced to change the direction of their movement and make a complex movement a process in which they not only move from loading to unloading, but also ensure their separation. Since along the length of the separating surface 4, the cross-sectional dimensions, shape, and location change, the disturbance in the movement of particles of the separated material is aggravated, i.e., an increase in the separation intensity takes place. The presence of flat multidirectional sieves in the form of triangles in each section of the separating surface 4 along its perimeter changes the direction of movement of individual portions of the separated material, complicates the trajectory of their movement in a plane perpendicular to the bore of the separating surface 4, which intensifies the mixing process of the separated material and accelerates the process of separation of material . The presence of helical surfaces and broken helical lines around the perimeter of the separating surface 4 contributes not only to complicate the trajectories of their movement, but also to move along the passage section of the separating surface 4. When particles of the separated material move along the passage section of the separating surface 4 due to a change in the passage section in shape and alternately, compression and rarefaction zones are formed in sizes in each section of the separating surface 4 over its entire volume, which also intensifies the separation process and expands those nological opportunities. The implementation of the separating surface in the form of a torus with a multifaceted helical surface around the perimeter reduces the dimensions of the device along the length.

Claims (1)

A toroidal device for cleaning seeds, containing loading, unloading devices, a drive and a screening surface elastically mounted by means of elastic elements, characterized in that the screening surface is made in the form of a torus with a polyhedral helical surface around the perimeter of sections, each of which is mounted from a perforated strip bent in one direction in straight lines placed at an angle to the edges of the perforated strip, with alternating formation along the length of the perforated strip of different the sizes of sieves in the form of equilateral and isosceles triangles, while on the two sides of the largest equilateral triangle there are two identical isosceles triangles with their bases, on the sides of which are two identical equilateral triangles with two identical isosceles triangles located to them, on one of which an equilateral triangle is located, and the sides of the smaller equilateral triangles are different from the sides of the larger ones thoron triangles on the same linear amount, and the sections are connected to each other free sides of said triangles to form on the outer and inner screening surface of polygonal lines and helical screw screening surfaces.

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