RU2343670C2 - Seed-sowing outfit designed by mr ln burkov - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural industry.

SUBSTANCE: outfit consists of a tractor, soil-treatment working members, a packer wheel, and a sowing machine. Tractor is equipped with front and rear mountings. To the front mounting there hinged is a cultivator so that it can turn. Cultivator has soil-treatment working members made in the form of cultivator teeth and installed at the depth twice as bigger than the depth of sowing area. After the teeth at the same depth there installed are applicators. Cultivator teeth and applicators are installed in a staggered order as the outfit advances in order to symmetrically distribute the load. Cultivator is equipped with cans intended for fertilisers, the outlet hoppers of which are provided with double-flow distributors with fertiliser tubes rigidly attached to them. On the rear mounting there installed is an automatic coupling. On the latter there rigidly fixed is a frame with a vibration harrow, a wheel, a sowing machine, and a tailing device. Vibration harrow is hinged to the frame with the possibility of back-and-forth motion from a crank-and-rod mechanism driven from the tractor power takeoff shaft. Wheel is water-filled and is provided with grousers. The latter are made in the form of sections of angles installed rigidly and symmetrically along the wheel surface with equal pitches both along the wheel and in its circumferential direction. Pitch of grousers along the wheel is equal to their length. Each following row of grousers in the circumferential direction of the wheel is offset half of circular pitch relative to the preceding row. Seed-sowing outfit drive of seeding machine is made in the form of a chain gear from packer wheel. Tailing device is made of chain string in the form of sine curve or cosine curve. The string on each side is rigidly attached with straight links to the frame, and to arc-shaped brackets at bend points. Arc-shaped brackets are rigidly attached to the frame so that they can be removed. Socks are installed in line with applicators and equal to their number.

EFFECT: improving the quality of soil treatment and sowing, and arranging conditions required for plant growth and development.

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Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery and can be used to create new sowing units.

Known combined unit for sowing, described in the book of V.M. Khalansky and I.V. Gorbachev "Agricultural machines", M., Koloss, 2004, p. 102. The unit is a trailing device with lancet paws, a seeder and a rolling device.

Significant disadvantages of this unit are:

- partial death of seedlings from direct contact with fertilizers, because seeds and fertilizers are sown in one row and at the same depth,

- significant dimensions and hence insufficient maneuverability.

The present invention eliminates these disadvantages.

This is achieved by the fact that the sowing unit includes a trailer on which the tillage working bodies and the mill are rigidly attached, then the C3-3.6 serial seeder and the rolling device, the tractor being equipped with a front linkage on which the cultivator is mounted pivotally on which loosening paws are set to a depth twice as large as the sowing depth, then feeding knives are installed at the same depth and in an amount equal to the number of coulters, and traces are installed in the wake with them, and feeding knives and p the chipper legs are staggered along the unit for symmetrical load distribution, and the cultivator is equipped with fertilizer banks, in which the outlet funnels are equipped with dual-flow spreaders, to which the pipelines are rigidly fixed, while an automatic coupler is mounted on the tractor hitch on which the frame is rigidly fixed with a vibro-harrow, roller, a converted drill and a loop device, while the vibro-arm is pivotally mounted on the frame and with the possibility of reciprocating movement from the crank mechanism with a drive from the PTO shaft, the roller is water-filled with cranes made in the form of straight sections of corners mounted rigidly and symmetrically along the surface of the roller with the same steps along both circumference and circumference, while the step of the cranes along the roller is equal to the length them, and along the circumference of the roller, each subsequent row of couplings is offset with respect to the next half the circumferential step, and the drive of the seeder units of the seeder is made using a chain drive from the packer roller, and the train stroystvo garlands made of a chain in the form of sine or cosine, which is rigidly mounted on the sides of straight rods to the frame, and in the field of inflection fastened rigidly to the bow-shaped brackets which are rigidly, but removably, attached to the frame.

New essential features of the seeding unit:

- the tractor is equipped with a front linkage on which the cultivator is pivotally mounted,

- cultivating paws are installed on the cultivator to a depth twice as large as the sowing depth, and then feeding knives are set to the same depth and in an amount equal to the number of coulters, and traces are installed in the wake with them,

- feeding knives and cultivating paws are staggered along the unit for symmetrical load distribution,

- the cultivator is equipped with banks for fertilizers, in which the outlet funnels are equipped with dual-flow spreaders, to which the pipelines are rigidly attached,

- an automatic coupler is mounted on the rear of the tractor hitch, on which a frame with a vibroharrow, a roller, a converted drill and a train device is rigidly attached,

- the vibratory defense is mounted pivotally on the frame and with the possibility of reciprocating movement from the crank mechanism with a drive from the PTO,

- the skating rink is filled with water inlets with tipping units made in the form of straight sections of corners fixed rigidly and symmetrically along the surface of the roller with identical steps both along and around the circumference, and the pitch of the tipping along the roller is equal to their length, and each subsequent row of tipping tines is shifted along the circumference of the roller in relation to the previous half of the district step,

- the drive of the sowing devices of the seeder is made using a chain transmission from the packer roller,

- the loop device is made of a chain garland in the form of a sinusoid or cosine wave, which is rigidly attached to the sides of the frame with direct ties to the frame, and in places of inflection it is attached rigidly to the arcuate brackets, which themselves are rigidly, but with the possibility of removal, attached to the frame.

The listed new essential features of the aggregate together with the known ones are necessary and sufficient to achieve a technical result in all cases to which the requested amount of legal protection applies.

The technical result for the unit is achieved due to the fact that:

- the tractor is equipped with a front linkage on the front, on which the cultivator is pivotally mounted, which increases the maneuverability of the unit,

- installation on the cultivator of loosening paws, which loosen the soil immediately to the depth necessary for fertilizing, allows you to create the necessary conditions for the favorable development of plants without direct contact with fertilizers,

- the supply of fertilizer cans with two-line dispensers allows you to connect each feeding knife with your fertilizer line and ensure making all rows along the width of the seeder,

- installation on the rear of the tractor of an automatic coupler with a frame on which the other working bodies are mounted allows you to raise and lower all the working bodies, and thus this proves the maneuverability of the unit, which has front and rear linkages, which means that it can be deployed in place, which is not and may not have a prototype,

- the implementation of the rink with trolleys increases the friction coefficient and, consequently, the reliability of torque transmission to the working bodies, and the ability to pour water will make it possible to eliminate this phenomenon in the case of reducing traction due to heavier rink water, which increases the reliability coefficient of the working process.

Figure 1 is a front view of the unit, figure 2 is a view along arrow A, figure 2 is a view along arrow B, figure 4 is a view along arrow B, figure 5 is a diagram of the relative positioning of the working bodies of the cultivator and seeders, in Fig.6 shows the location of the couplings on the surface of the roller; in Fig.7 is a section along G-D of Fig.6.

Consider the device of the sowing unit. It consists of a tractor 1, on which a front linkage 2 is mounted on the front, on which the cultivator 3 is pivotally mounted with the possibility of rotation. On the cultivator 3, loosening legs 4 are installed at a depth twice as large as the sowing depth, then feeding knives 5 are installed at the same depth and in an amount equal to the number of coulters, and a trace is installed in the wake with them (Fig. 5), and feeding knives and cultivating paws are staggered along the unit for symmetrical load distribution. The cultivator 3 is equipped with banks 6 for fertilizers, in which the output funnels 7 are equipped with dual-flow spreaders 8, to which the pipelines are rigidly attached 9. An automatic coupler 10 is mounted on the tractor 1, onto which the frame 11 with the vibroharrow 12, the roller 13, converted with two-flow distributors is rigidly mounted 8, to which the pipelines are rigidly attached 9. An automatic coupler 10 is mounted on the rear of the tractor 1, onto which the frame 11 is mounted rigidly with the vibroharrow 12, roller 13, a converted drill 14 with coulters, and a trailed mustache roystvom 15, wherein vibroborona 12 pivotally mounted on the frame 11 and with the possibility of reciprocating movement of the crank mechanism 16 driven by a PTO 17.

The skating rink 13 is made water-filled with cranes 18, made in the form of straight sections of corners installed rigidly and symmetrically on the surface of the skating rink 13 with the same pitch both along and around the circumference. At the same time, the step of the tillers along the roller is equal to their length, and each subsequent row of tillers along the circumference of the roller is half the circumferential pitch relative to the previous one, and the seeder 14 is driven by a chain drive 19 from the roller 13, and the loop device is made of a chain garlands 20 in the form of a sinusoid (Fig. 4), which are rigidly fixed on the sides by direct rods 21 to the frame 11, and in the places of inflection it is attached rigidly to the arcuate brackets 22, which are rigidly, but with the possibility of removal, are attached to the frame 11.

Let's consider how the unit works, i.e. the implementation of the method. When the unit moves in the direction of the arrow Vm, the cultivating paws 4 of the cultivator 3 and the feeding knives 5 move at a double depth relative to the sowing depth, then the vibroharrow 12 closes the fertilizers and additionally loosens the surface, then the roller 13 compacts the seed soil layer, then the seeds are sowed with coulters and a plume 20 finally levels the field surface.

Claims (1)

A sowing unit including a tractor, tillage tools, a roller compactor and a seeder, characterized in that the tractor is equipped with front and rear linkages, the last of which has an automatic coupler, while a cultivator mounted on the front link is pivotally mounted with the depth is twice as great as the depth of sowing tillage working bodies in the form of loosening paws, behind which feeding knives are installed at the same depth, and feeding knives are also loosened The paws are staggered along the unit for symmetrical load distribution, and the cultivator is equipped with fertilizer banks, the outlet funnels of which are equipped with dual-flow spreaders with rigid pipelines rigidly fixed to them, while the frame with vibroharrow, roller, seeder and train is rigidly fixed to the automatic coupler device, and the vibro-defense is pivotally mounted on the frame and with the possibility of reciprocating movement from the crank mechanism driven by a power take-off shaft tractor, and the skating rink is filled with cranes made in the form of corner sections mounted rigidly and symmetrically on the surface of the skating rink with the same pitch along it and around its circumference, while the step of the spreaders along the skating rink is equal to their length, and each subsequent row of stitches around the circumference of the roller, it is offset relative to the previous one by half a circumferential step, and the drive of the seeder units of the seeder is made in the form of a chain drive from the packer roller, and the loop device is made of a chain garland in the form e sinusoids or cosine waves, which are rigidly fixed on the sides by direct links to the frame, and in the places of inflection it is rigidly attached to arcuate brackets, which are rigidly removably fixed to the frame, while the coulters are installed on the track with feeding knives and equal to their number.

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