RU223934U1 - Grain grinder-mixer - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agricultural machinery. The grain grinder-mixer contains a stand on the frame of which an electric motor is mounted, a loading hopper and a housing installed underneath it with a crushing unit containing grinding elements, under which there is an opening for unloading in the bottom of the housing, and the electric motor shaft is located horizontally and connected to the elements of the crushing unit, and The loading hopper is divided into two sections. The front wall of the housing can be equipped with an additional loading pipe with a lid. The grinding elements of the crushing unit can be made in the form of knives, which are plates with notches on the working surface. The loading hopper can be made in the form of a truncated pyramid or a truncated cone. The stand frame and body may be further connected by at least one triangular plate. Reflective elements in the form of plates can be attached to the inner surface of the housing. Reflective plates can be located in the upper and middle parts of the housing and are attached to the inner walls of the housing at an angle. The technical result is to simplify the process of servicing the device, reduce vibration, improve the quality of crushing grain crops, and extend the service life of the electric motor and knives.

Description

Technical field

The utility model relates to agricultural machinery. The grain grinder-mixer is designed for simultaneous crushing and mixing of two different grain crops and can be used in farms and individual households.

State of the art

A grain crusher is known (RF patent for utility model No. 2366507, class IPC V02S 9/00, publ. 09.10.2009), which contains a loading container, a casing with an electric motor, on the shaft of which a grinding tool in the form of a plate is fixed, a base, and also installed underneath there is a damper and a working chamber with holes on the bottom and side surface. The grain crusher is also equipped with a guide pipe, a vibration-resistant gasket and a separating partition installed inside the casing, on the side wall of which the loading container and the guide pipe connected to it are rigidly fixed, placed obliquely with respect to the base at an angle of 57-63°. The vibration-resistant gasket is fixed at the bottom of the base and an electric motor is installed on it, while the plate of the grinding tool is made with a central hole, on both sides of which blades with a cutting edge and a cutting angle within 43-47° are located diametrically and symmetrically, and their bearing part is shaped like truncated acute angle equal to 18-22°.

The disadvantage of the known grain crusher is the inability to simultaneously grind and mix different types of grain crops, as well as increased vibration of the device and difficulty in maintenance due to the vertical arrangement of the shaft, motor and grinding tool.

There is a known method of joint grinding and mixing (RF patent for invention No. 2549105, class IPC B02C 13/14, A23N 17/00, published 04/20/2015), for the implementation of which a grinding and mixing unit is used, containing a sectional hopper, a dispenser with a sectional housing and metering valves, grain pipes connected to the loading windows of the crushing chamber cover, in which a distribution disk is rigidly fixed directly under the cover on the rotor shaft. At the same time, discs are also installed on the rotor shaft, and plate hammers are suspended on the axes. A vertical cylindrical sieve is installed around the entire circumference of the crushing chamber. The lower part of the crushing chamber is separated from the conical tray by a horizontal sieve, and the conical tray itself, through a receiving tray, communicates with a belt conveyor equipped with a discharge device.

The disadvantage of the known technical solution is the complexity of the design, insufficient availability of key components for maintenance and repair, as well as the high energy intensity of the process.

A device for crushing feed mixture components is known (RF patent for utility model No. 189600, class IPC B02C 9/02, A23K 40/00, A23N 17/00, publ. 05.28.2019), containing a housing with a loading hopper, the lower part of the housing serves its base, in the center of which there is a compartment with an electric motor, on the vertical shaft of which a knife in the form of a rectangular plate is mounted, located inside a cylindrical working chamber with holes, while the loading hopper is made of four compartments formed by fixedly mounted radial partitions, between which slopes are installed, in this case, the base of each compartment is equipped with a window with an adjustable damper for dosing the components of the feed mixture.

A device for grinding grain is known (RF patent for utility model No. 116790, class IPC V02S 9/02, publ. 06/10/2012), containing a housing with a loading hopper and a compartment with an electric motor, on the vertical shaft of which a knife in the form of a rectangular plate is fixed, a cylindrical working chamber with holes, and the device is equipped with a second hopper located in the housing symmetrically to the first, the lower part of the housing is made in the form of a base, in the center of which a compartment with an electric motor is installed, and a working chamber with a knife located inside and reflective plates attached perpendicular to base in front of the windows for feeding grain into the working chamber in the direction of rotation of the knife.

The disadvantage of the known devices is the design complexity, inconvenience of maintenance and repair, relatively low reliability and quality of grinding, due, in particular, to the vertical arrangement of the electric motor shaft and grinding knives.

Disclosure of utility model

The technical result that can be achieved using the proposed utility model is to simplify the process of servicing the device due to the horizontal position of the electric motor and crushing unit, which makes it easier to access not only the electric motor, but also the knives for replacing and/or sharpening them. Also, the location of the electric motor in a horizontal position ensures minimal vibration, which has a positive effect on the quality of crushing grain crops, and also extends the service life of the electric motor and knives.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the grain grinder-mixer contains a stand, on the frame of which an electric motor is mounted, a loading hopper and a housing installed under it with a crushing unit containing grinding elements, under which there is a hole for unloading in the bottom of the housing, and the electric motor shaft is located horizontally and connected to the elements of the crushing unit, and the loading hopper is divided into two sections.

The front wall of the housing can be equipped with an additional loading pipe with a lid.

The grinding elements of the crushing unit can be made in the form of knives, which are plates with notches on the working surface.

The loading hopper can be made in the form of a truncated pyramid or a truncated cone.

The stand frame and body may be further connected by at least one triangular plate.

Reflective elements in the form of plates can be attached to the inner surface of the housing. Reflective plates can be located in the upper and middle parts of the housing and are attached to the inner walls of the housing at an angle.

Brief description of drawings

In fig. 1-2 shows the design diagrams of the general view of the device, side and front views.

In fig. Figure 3 shows the design diagram of the bunker, top view.

In fig. Figure 4 shows the design diagram of the rack, top view.

In fig. Figure 5 shows the structural diagram of the housing, front and sectional views.

In fig. Figure 6 shows the design diagram of the crushing unit.

In fig. 7 shows a photo of a prototype grain grinder-mixer.

The following designations are used in the figures: 1 - stand, 2 - housing, 3 - loading hopper, 4 - crushing unit, 5 - electric motor, 6 - triangular plate, 7 - additional loading pipe, 8 - elements for fastening hopper 3 to housing 2, 9.1 -9.2 - sections of the loading hopper 3, separated by a partition 10, 11 - stand frame, 12 - plate for fastening the circuit breaker of the electric motor 5, 13 - opening for unloading, 14 - reflective elements, 15 - grinding elements of the crushing unit 4.

Implementation of a utility model

The grain grinder-mixer contains a stand 1, on the frame of which an electric motor 5 is mounted, a loading hopper 3 and a housing 2 installed underneath it with a crushing unit 4 containing grinding elements 15, under which a hole 13 for unloading is located in the bottom of the housing 2. The electric motor shaft 5 is located horizontally and connected to the elements of the crushing unit 4. The loading hopper 3 is divided by a partition 10 into two sections 9, which allows you to simultaneously crush and mix two different grain crops.

In this case, the crushing unit 4 is rigidly connected to the stand 1 by welding, the electric motor 5 is attached to the stand 1 with a bolted connection.

The front wall of the housing 2 can be equipped with an additional loading pipe 7 with a lid. Through pipe 7, both grain and other types of agricultural products, for example, vegetables, root crops, etc., can be loaded for grinding.

The grinding elements 15 of the crushing unit 4 can be made in the form of knives, which are plates with notches on the working surface (see Fig. 6).

The loading hopper 3 can be made in the form of a truncated pyramid or a truncated cone.

To enhance the rigidity of the structure, the frame 11 of the stand 1 and the body 2 can be additionally connected using one or more triangular plates 6.

Reflective elements 14 in the form of plates can be attached to the inner surface of the housing 2 (see Fig. 5). Reflective plates can be attached both in the direction of rotation of the knives and against them, and can also have different lengths. For example, for a case with overall dimensions of 460×400×415 mm, the length of such plates was experimentally selected from 20 mm to 60 mm. Reflective plates can be located in the upper and middle parts of the housing and can be attached to the inner walls of the housing at an angle.

The grain grinder-mixer works as follows.

Different types of grain products are poured into each of the sections 9.1 and 9.2 of the loading hopper 3, then the electric motor 5 is turned on, and torque is transmitted through the shaft to the crushing unit 4, which begins to rotate. When the grain enters the crushing unit 4 of the housing 2, the crushing of the grain crops occurs from the impact of the grinding elements 15 and from impacts on the walls inside the housing 2. During the grinding process, grain products of different types are mixed. If there are 2 reflective elements 14 on the inner surface of the housing, both the crushing process and the mixing process are accelerated and improved.

After grinding and mixing, the crushed product spills through the discharge opening 13 into a bag, bucket or other container.

Example implementation.

Several prototypes of a grain grinder-mixer of the declared design were manufactured (see photo in Fig. 7). The electric motor shaft of the prototypes is located horizontally and connected to the elements of the crushing unit, and the loading hopper is divided into two sections. Tests of these samples were carried out, as a result it was found that this design of the device makes it possible to simplify access not only to the electric motor, but also to the knives for replacing and/or sharpening them. Also, the location of the electric motor in a horizontal position ensures minimal vibration, which has a positive effect on the quality of crushing grain crops, and also extends the service life of the electric motor and knives.

Thus, the claimed technical solution makes it possible to significantly simplify the maintenance process, reduce vibration and, accordingly, increase the reliability and service life of the device.

A comparative analysis of the claimed design of a grain grinder-mixer shows that the set of essential features is unknown from the prior art and, therefore, meets the “Novelty” patentability condition.

The information provided confirms the possibility of using the claimed device in agriculture for simultaneous crushing and mixing of two different grain crops and can find application in farms and individual households, and therefore meets the patentability condition “Industrial applicability”.

Claims (4)

1. A grain grinder-mixer containing a stand on the frame of which an electric motor is mounted, a loading hopper and a housing installed under it with a crushing unit containing grinding elements, under which there is a hole for unloading in the bottom of the housing, and the electric motor shaft is located horizontally and connected to the elements of the unit crushing, and the loading hopper is divided into two sections, the stand frame and the body are additionally connected using at least one triangular plate, and reflective elements in the form of plates are fixed on the inner surface of the body, which are located in the upper and middle parts of the body and are attached to the inner walls of the housing at an angle. 2. Grain grinder-mixer according to claim 1, characterized in that the front wall of the housing is equipped with an additional loading pipe with a lid. 3. Grain grinder-mixer according to claim 1, characterized in that the grinding elements of the crushing unit are made in the form of knives, which are plates with notches on the working surface. 4. Grain grinder-mixer according to claim 1, characterized in that the loading hopper is made in the form of a truncated pyramid or a truncated cone.