RU2272401C1 - Feed mixture preparing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering, in particular, equipment for preparing of feed mixtures for animals kept in farms and on home ground.

SUBSTANCE: apparatus has horizontal slotted casing with two disk saws mounted on drive shaft within casing, two chopping knives, and brush, which is located crosswise relative to chopping knives to define, in conjunction therewith, grinding and mixing zone. Disk knives define zone for shelling and preliminary grinding of corn cobs which are fed through branch pipe located above disk saws. For charging of stalked feed, casing is provided with detachable end cover equipped with bin and hose. Dry grain is delivered into casing of apparatus from bin provided with adjustable shutter. Casing is closed with housing-baffle having detachable leather case disposed in its lower part and adapted for collecting of ready feed.

EFFECT: improved quality of ground product and reduced consumption of power for feed mixture preparing process.

16 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of agricultural engineering, in particular to equipment for the preparation of bulk feed mixtures for animals when they are kept in farms and subsidiary plots.

A known installation (feed chopper) for the preparation of feed mixtures, selected by the applicant as a prototype as the closest to the claimed technical solution according to the same signs, containing a vertical cylindrical body with a chopping knife and a trowel mounted on the drive shaft of the housing crosswise with respect to the chopping knife, forming a zone grinding and mixing. A loading device is installed in the upper part of the case, an unloading device on the side of the case (description to item No. 2053640 dated 02.03.93, publ. 02.10.96, A 01 F 29/00).

The feed of any kind of feed is carried out from above through a loading device. Grinding any type of feed is carried out with a chopping knife. The blower does not allow the crushed material to collect at the bottom of the body and constantly raises and feeds it to the working knife. As the crushed mass accumulates, it is pushed out with a knife, a sweeper through a window on the side wall of the housing into the unloading device. The energy intensity of the installation is high, because with a vertical housing, the treated mass must always be kept in suspension. The nomenclature of feed components is limited, as grinding is carried out only with a sharp chopping knife. Therefore, the installation is designed for grinding stalked feed (hay, straw) and root crops. The quality of the feed mixture is low, because the resulting product is heterogeneous in composition.

The technical task is to develop a low-energy installation, providing the expansion of technological capabilities and improving the quality of the grinding product.

The problem is solved due to the fact that in the known installation for the preparation of feed mixtures, containing a cylindrical body mounted on the drive shaft of the case with a chopping knife and a sweeper located crosswise in relation to the chopping knife, forming a grinding and mixing zone, according to the invention, the housing is installed horizontally, made trellised and equipped with:

- a second chopping knife located symmetrically with respect to the first chopping knife,

- a zone for husking and pre-grinding corn cobs made in the form of two circular saws mounted on the drive shaft of the casing and located above the circular saws for supplying the corn cob,

- end cover with hopper and sleeve for filling stalked feed

and a reflector housing installed with a gap relative to the housing, with a cover in the lower part for collecting the finished feed.

In this case, the housing at the bottom is equipped with a jumper.

Circular saws are made with teeth apart.

The nozzle for feeding the corncob is set at an angle to the vertical plane of the body, and the installation is equipped with a glass for pushing the corncob into the peeling zone.

A grain silo is installed in the peeling area of the corncob, while the silo is mounted vertically and is equipped with a shutter.

The end cover is removable.

Insulating gaskets are installed between the housing and the reflector housing.

The cover is removable.

The feed hopper is equipped with a sleeve. In this case, the sleeve can be made removable.

The drive shaft of the housing is mounted on the shaft of an electric motor mounted on the bed of the feed workshop.

The bed is equipped with a support stand, which can be made in the form of a tripod.

The proposed installation is portable, small-sized, compact, low-energy, easy to manage and maintain, has wide technological capabilities since feed mill allows you to prepare feed mixtures used for feeding animals by grinding grain, stalk feed (straw, hay, etc.), corn while ensuring uniformity of the grinding product.

Conducted patent research did not reveal similar technical solutions, which allows us to conclude about the novelty of the claimed technical solution.

The domestic industry has all the means (materials, technology, equipment) necessary for the manufacture of the inventive feed workshop.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

figure 1 - shows a General view of the installation in isometry;

figure 2 is a General view of the installation in front (without the casing and the hopper for grain) with a breakout on the body;

figure 3 is a General view of the housing in isometry (without end cap);

Installation for preparation of feed mixtures 1 is intended for the preparation of feed for animals at home by grinding grain, stalk feed (straw, hay), corn and contains mounted on the frame 2 electric motor 3 and the housing 4. The drive shaft 5 of the housing 4 is mounted on the shaft of the electric motor 3. Bed 2 is provided with a support stand 6, made in the form of a tripod. The housing 4 is made horizontal, cylindrical. Two cutting knives 7 and a snow blower are installed on the drive shaft 5 of the housing 4. The cutting knives 7 are located symmetrically with respect to the snow blower 8, which, in turn, is located crosswise with respect to the cutting knives 7. The cutting knives 7 and the snow blower 8 form a grinding and mixing zone . The ends 9 of the snowstorm 8 are made curved in opposite directions. The housing 4 is made lattice with cells of 4 mm with a jumper 10 in the lower part. Between the inner wall of the housing 4 and the cutting knives 7 there is a gap of up to 15 mm. In addition, the housing 4 is equipped with:

- a zone for husking and pre-grinding corn cobs made in the form of two circular saws 11 mounted on the drive shaft 5 of the housing 4 with separated teeth and a pipe 12 located above the circular saws 11 for supplying corn ears mounted at an angle to the vertical plane of the housing 4, and a hopper 13 with a flap (not shown) for grain mounted vertically in the peeling area of the corncob,

- a removable end cover 14, on which a hopper 15 with a sleeve 16 for refueling stalk feeds (hay-straw) is installed, (in the transport position and for servicing, the sleeve for refueling hay-straw is removed),

- steel protective casing-reflector 17, installed with a gap of up to 30 mm relative to the housing 4, with a removable leather cover 18 in the lower part of the casing-reflector 17 for collecting the finished feed. Moreover, between the housing 4 and the casing-reflector 17 installed insulating gaskets (not shown).

Installation for the preparation of feed mixtures 1 works as follows. The starting components are pre-dosed. The starter 19 turns on the electric motor 3. The electric motor 3 is powered by a 220 V single-phase alternating current power supply. The drive shaft 5 of the housing 4 drives the circular saws 11, chopping knives 7 and the blower 8. The dry hopper is fed into the receiving hopper 13, the corncob is installed in pipe 12, a sleeve of hay or straw is fed into the sleeve 16. A damper in the hopper 13 controls the flow of grain into the pre-grinding zone. When punching the cob with a glass (not shown in the drawing) into the area of circular saws 11, there is peeling and preliminary grinding of the cob of corn and grain. Next, the resulting mixture is advanced into the zone of chopping knives 7 and the blower 8. When a bundle of hay or straw is fed into the working area, chopping knives 7 and the blower 8, when rotating, tighten and portion the length of the stalk feed. In the zone of chopping knives 7 and the blizzard 8, the feed is chopped and all the feed components are mixed. The lifting force created by the blower 8 does not allow the crushed material to collect in the lower part of the housing 4 and constantly feeds it (material) to the cutting knives 7. The resulting mixture is discarded by the centrifugal force by the cutting knives 7 and the blower 8 on the inner lattice surface of the housing 4. The mass of the mixture through the cells of the trellised casing 4 enters the cavity of the reflector housing 17 and then is collected in a removable cover 18 and poured into the container. After filling the containers, the electric motor 3 is turned off. To obtain a new portion of the feed mixture, the cycle is repeated.

Claims (16)

1. Installation for the preparation of feed mixtures, comprising a cylindrical body with a chopping knife and a panicel mounted on the drive shaft of the housing, located crosswise with respect to the chopping knife, forming a grinding and mixing zone, characterized in that the housing is horizontally mounted, is made with a grid and is equipped with a second chopping knife located symmetrically with respect to the first chopping knife, a peeling and pre-grinding zone of corn cobs made in the form of mounted on a drive shaft at the housing two circular saws and circular saws arranged above the connection for feeding the corn cob, with the end cap sleeve and the hopper for refilling stalk feed and reflector housing-mounted with clearance relative to the housing to cover the bottom for collecting the finished feed. 2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing in the lower part is equipped with a jumper. 3. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the circular saws are made with diluted teeth. 4. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the pipe for supplying the ears of corn is installed at an angle to the vertical plane of the body. 5. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a glass for pushing the ears of corn into the peeling zone. 6. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that in the peeling area of the corncob a grain hopper is installed. 7. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the grain hopper is mounted vertically. 8. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the grain hopper is provided with a shutter. 9. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the end cap is removable. 10. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that between the body and the casing-reflector installed insulating gaskets. 11. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the cover is removable. 12. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the hopper for refueling stalk feed is provided with a sleeve. 13. Installation according to item 12, characterized in that the sleeve is removable. 14. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive shaft of the housing is mounted on the shaft of an electric motor mounted on the bed of the feed mill. 15. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the bed is equipped with a support stand. 16. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the support stand is made in the form of a tripod.

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