RU2238483C2 - Heating apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: thermal engineering; water heating units for buildings, structures, and apartment houses.

SUBSTANCE: proposed heating apparatus has water casing with jacket enclosing furnace and gas conduit, heat exchanger disposed in top part of apparatus and made in the form of rectangular- or square-section tube bank, difference between sectional areas of heat-exchanger tube and vortex generator relative to sectional area of gas-discharge pipe being 1.2 - 1.6; vortex generators are inserted in tubes on rods and incorporates 2 to 12 members tilted through 90 deg. to combustion gas flow.

EFFECT: augmented heat transfer, reduced temperature of exit gases, facilitated manufacture and removal of combusting products from surfaces, reduced metal input, simplified design, enhanced efficiency.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a power system, namely, water heating systems for heating homes, structures and residential premises.

The well-known boiler selected for the prototype (patent UA N 24492, class F 24 H 1/22; F 24 H 1/32, publ. 10/30/98) has a combustion chamber in which heat-exchange sections are inserted, which form between gas ducts of variable cross section, as well as a collector connected to heat exchange sections located in the lower part of the combustion chamber, and have a cross section in the form of right-angled triangles at the edges and isosceles between them, and the gas duct from the exit side of convective gases has a trapezoid shape, while collecting and the distributor you full in the form of a box, the lateral part of which is the basis of the heat exchange sections, and the collector itself is connected in parallel to the common boiler system.

The disadvantage of this heating boiler is that the placement of the heat exchange sections very close to the burner will facilitate the contact of the burner flame with the sections of the heat exchanger and lead to incomplete combustion of natural gas, lower boiler efficiency, and significant formation of combustion products precipitation. In addition, it becomes more difficult to clean the heat-exchange sections from precipitation of combustion products, and there are also difficulties in the technology of manufacturing a heating boiler. The disadvantages include the fact that the boiler sections are made in the form of rectangular triangles along the edges and isosceles between them and do not provide an uniform temperature gradient in the context of the gas flow, and this does not allow the maximum use of the heat of the exhaust gases.

The basis of the invention is the task of developing the design of a heating apparatus, which allows to increase the heat transfer rate, reduce the temperature of the exhaust gases, simplify the cleaning of surfaces from combustion products, ensure simplicity of manufacturing technology, reduce material consumption, simplify the design and increase the efficiency of the heating apparatus.

The solution to this problem is ensured by the fact that the claimed heating device has a body with a water jacket that covers the firebox and gas duct, and according to the invention, a heat exchanger is placed in the upper part of the heating device in the form of a pipe block with rectangular or square pipes with turbulators, while the difference between areas in the context of the pipe of the heat exchanger and turbulator with respect to the cross-sectional area of the exhaust pipe is 1.2-1.6.

According to the second point of the invention, the elements of the turbulators are installed at an angle of 90 ° to the flow of combustion gases, which eliminates the formation of stagnant zones, increases the efficiency of heat transfer, increases the efficiency of the heating apparatus and allows to reduce its dimensions and weight.

According to the third paragraph of the formula, the turbulators on the rods are freely inserted into the tubes of the heat exchanger in an amount of 2 to 12, this ensures easy cleaning of the pipes from precipitation of combustion products. In addition, the turbulizers, without changing the gas flow rate, increase their path, average the temperature gradient of the flow in the cross section of each pipe of the pipe block and reduce the temperature of the exhaust gases in the chimney of the heating apparatus to 150 ° C.

The presence of these signs allows us to conclude that the proposed solution is new.

These distinctive features do not follow logically from the current level of development of heating systems for water heating systems of houses, structures and domestic premises, but are obtained by creatively solving the technical problem of executing a pipe block and turbulators of a certain shape, placing them in the heating chamber and among themselves at the optimum distance.

The effectiveness and originality of these differences are closely related to the achieved technical result.

The simplicity of the shape of the pipe block and turbulators ensures the simplicity of the design of the heating apparatus during manufacture.

In comparison with the prototype, the claimed solution allows you to:

- increase the intensity of heat transfer;

- increase efficiency;

- reduce gas fuel costs;

- reduce material consumption;

- to simplify the design of the heat exchange unit in comparison with the heat exchange sections, which have the shape of different triangles in cross section;

- to ensure the simplicity of manufacturing technology;

- reduce the temperature of the exhaust gases in the chimney to 150 ° C;

- to simplify the cleaning of surfaces from precipitation of combustion products.

A possible practical implementation of such a design of the heating apparatus allows us to conclude that its criterion of “industrial suitability” is met.

Figure 1 shows a view of a heating apparatus; figure 2 is a section aa of figure 1.

The heating apparatus (Fig. 1) is a steel all-welded casing 1, the upper part of which is closed by a removable cover 2, a chimney 3 is installed on the rear wall of the casing, a gas burner 4 is in the lower part of the furnace 10. The space between the external and internal walls of the casing is filled with water. On the rear wall of the housing, pipes 5, 6 are welded, which connect the heating device to the heating system. In the middle of the housing, in its upper part, a pipe block 7 with rectangular pipes is placed, in the tubes of which turbulators 9 are inserted on the removable rods 8, which increase the coefficient of heat transfer from gases to the coolant (water).

The heating apparatus (figure 1) works as follows. Gas fuel enters the burner 4, which is placed in the furnace 10 of the heating apparatus (figure 1). In the process of gas fuel combustion, the generated thermal energy is transferred to the coolant by light radiation on the side and top walls of the furnace, which are placed at the maximum permissible distance from the burner flame, and by the combustion products that enter the pipe block 7 with rectangular pipes installed on them with removable rods with turbulators 9.

The design of the pipe block and the geometric dimensions of the turbulators ensure the formation of a turbulent flow with efficient transfer of thermal energy to the coolant (water), eliminate the formation of stagnant zones, and increase the efficiency of the heating apparatus.

The removal of combustion products is carried out through a chimney 3, which is located in the rear wall of the heating device (figure 1).

Claims (3)

1. The heating apparatus, which has a body with a water jacket that covers the furnace and gas duct, characterized in that in the upper part of the heating apparatus there is a heat exchanger in the form of a tube block with rectangular or square pipes with turbulators, while the difference between the areas in the pipe section heat exchanger and turbulator in relation to the cross-sectional area of the exhaust pipe is 1.2-1.6. 2. The heating apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the elements of the turbulators are placed at an angle of 90 ° to the flow of combustion gases. 3. The heating apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the turbulators on the rods with the number of elements from 2 to 12 are freely inserted into the pipes.

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