RU2237700C1 - Heavy petroleum residue processing method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: petroleum processing and petrochemistry.

SUBSTANCE: method comprises preliminary treatment of all starting material or its part (preferably 10-80%) with atmosphere air at 50 to 250^оС, pressure 0.5-1 atm, and volumetric air supply velocity 0.1 to 10 h^-1. Subsequent thermal cracking is conducted preferably at 300-450^оС, pressure 0.1 to 5 MPa, and volumetric velocity 0.5 to 2 h^-1. Any petroleum residues of any origin, spent oils, oil-slimes, etc. can be used as starting materials.

EFFECT: increased yield of light petroleum products and reduced coke formation by up to 2 times.

4 cl, 4 ex

Description

This invention relates to petrochemistry, in particular to the processing of heavy oil residues to obtain light petroleum products.

A known method of processing heavy oil residues by contacting a feedstock heated to 450-520 ° C with hot gas in reactors at 350-450 ° C, pressure 0.4-16 atm, contact time 1-10 hours. To obtain a high-quality product, thermocracking is carried out in 2-5 series-connected reactors, the temperature in which decreases by 5-50 ° as the raw materials are converted. The method provides for pitch, oil and gas (US 4340464, 07.20.1982).

The disadvantage of this method is the small amount of light petroleum products obtained, as well as the complexity of the hardware design process.

Closer to the proposed method in essence and the achieved result is a method for processing heavy oil residues, including treating them with an ozone-containing mixture followed by thermal cracking of the resulting product at a pressure of 0.5-3.0 MPa and a space velocity of 1-2 h ^-1 . Thermocracking is carried out at a temperature of 400-430 ° C (RU 2184761, 07/10/2002).

However, the yield of the target products - light petroleum products in the known method is insufficient, and in addition, there is significant coke formation.

The aim of this invention is to remedy this drawback.

This goal is achieved by a method of processing heavy oil residues, including pre-treatment of all of the feedstock or part thereof (preferably 10-80 wt.%) With atmospheric air at a temperature of 50-250 ° C, a pressure of 0.5-1 MPa at a volumetric flow rate of air 0 , 1-10 h ^-1 , followed by thermocracking of the obtained product, preferably at a temperature of 300-450 ° C, a pressure of 0.1-5 MPa and a space velocity of 0.5-2 h ^-1 .

During the pretreatment of heavy oil residues or part of them with atmospheric air under the above conditions, organic peroxides are formed that favorably affect the yield of the target product and coke formation.

As the source of heavy crude oil, you can use any oil residues of various origins, waste oils, oil sludge, etc.

The method is illustrated by the following examples.

Example 1

Straight run fuel oil is treated with atmospheric air at 60 ° C, a pressure of 0.7 MPa and a volumetric feed rate of 1 h ^-1 . The resulting product containing organic peroxides is subjected to further thermocracking at 400 ° C, a pressure of 1 MPa and a bulk velocity of 1 h ^-1 . The yield of light oil products is 75 wt.% With coke formation of 0.15%.

Example 2

As a raw material, used oils are used, 50% of which are treated with atmospheric air at 100 ° C, a pressure of 0.6 MPa and a volumetric feed rate of 1 h ^-1 . The resulting product containing organic peroxides is mixed with the remaining raw materials and the resulting mixture is subjected to further thermocracking at 350 ° C, a pressure of 3 MPa and a bulk flow rate of 0.5 h ^-1 . The yield of light oil products is 71 wt.% With coke formation of 0.1%.

Example 3

Oil sludge taken from tanks for storing oil products is used as raw material, 10% of which is treated with atmospheric air at 250 ° C, a pressure of 0.9 MPa, and a volumetric feed rate of 5 h ^-1 . The resulting product is mixed with the remaining raw materials and the resulting mixture is subjected to further thermocracking at 450 ° C, a pressure of 2 MPa and a space velocity of the raw material of 2 h ^-1 . The yield of light oil products is 72 wt.% With coke formation of 0.1%.

Example 4

As a raw material, oil tar is used, which is treated with atmospheric air at 230 ° C, a pressure of 0.6 MPa and a volumetric feed rate of 9 h ^-1 . The resulting product is mixed with the remaining raw materials and the resulting mixture is subjected to further thermocracking at 350 ° C, a pressure of 3 MPa and a bulk flow rate of 0.5 h ^-1 . The yield of light oil products is 75 wt.% With coke formation of 0.15%.

Thus, this method allows to obtain significant quantities of light petroleum products (gasoline and diesel fractions) in excess of their amount by known methods, while reducing coke formation by 1.5-2 times.

Claims (4)

1. A method of processing heavy oil residues, including pre-treatment of the feedstock with an oxidizing agent followed by thermal cracking of the obtained product and separation of light petroleum products, characterized in that the pretreatment of the feedstock or parts thereof is carried out with atmospheric air at a temperature of 50-250 ° C, pressure 0, 5-1 MPa and a space velocity of air supply of 0.1-10 h ^-1 . 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that thermocracking is carried out at a temperature of 300-450 ° C, a pressure of 0.1-5 MPa and a space velocity of 0.5-2 h ^-1 . 3. The method according to PP.1 and 2, characterized in that the treatment with atmospheric air is subjected to 10-80 wt.% The feedstock. 4. The method according to claims 1-3, characterized in that heavy oil residues of various origins, used oils, and oil sludges are used as feedstock.