RU2237286C1 - Telematic system with synchronous information transfer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: communication systems engineering.

SUBSTANCE: terminal devices are placed at mobile and/or stationary system objects connected through digital network of mobile communication, like GSM, with dispatching and monitoring center providing for receiving, collecting, processing and analyzing messages from terminal devices, forming and transfer of necessary commands and messages through them. Digital network of mobile communication includes mobile communications digital network control center, short SMS messages center and/or system for packet message transfer GPRS. Each terminal device has following device connected by common local network bus: transceiver of mobile communications digital network, transceiver for satellite system Orbcom with an antenna, receiver for location system GPS, mating blocks, analog signals processing blocks and main power block, additionally provided is assembly for forming system cadres of transfer made with possible synchronization of system cadres on basis of signals received from receiver of satellite location system like GPS, and for control of messages transfer time. Dispatching and monitoring center is equipped with server for messages of mobile communications digital network, system cadre parameters calculating device and server for controlling information, which is connected to center of control for mobile communications digital network for receiving commands from it about changing parameters of system cadre of transfer during change of load of mobile digital network.

EFFECT: reliable transfer of selected category of messages in mobile communications system independently of load level created by other message categories.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of communications, and more specifically to a multifunctional system for dispatching and monitoring mobile and / or stationary objects with synchronous transmission of information, and can be used for the protection and maintenance of vehicles, valuable and especially dangerous goods for human life, in corporate control systems, informatization and protection of large firms, shopping malls, banks, control of unauthorized entry into residential and non-residential premises, etc.

There are many different systems for locating moving objects, in particular the global GPS positioning system Navstar, as well as its Russian counterpart, the Glonas system. These systems are a grouping of satellites placed in low Earth orbit, each of which determines with high accuracy its location in space by stars and every second in the high-precision system of a single time for all satellites broadcasts its coordinates. A receiver located on Earth receives information from satellites and measures the delay in signal arrival. The receiver computer solves the problem of determining the location of the receiver in space.

A telematics system is known, which is a satellite system containing emergency beacons, an on-board receiving device, an on-board storage device and an on-board transmitter connected in series, the second input of which is connected to the output of the first on-board receiver, and the third input is connected to the output of the on-board receiver, device, a first information processing device, a device for interfacing with communication networks, the second input of which is through an information processing device of radiation is connected to the output of the receiving device, a monitoring and control device and a communication device of search and rescue organizations (see RF patent No. 2027195, CL G 01 S 5/12, dated 04.02.1992).

However, the known device does not have the functions of providing the specified accuracy of positioning, sufficiently complete analysis, accumulation and processing of data on the state of the observed objects, planning routes of movement of moving objects. In addition, the diagnostic and control system in the known device is not sufficiently developed.

By technical nature, the closest to the proposed technical solution is a telematics system containing a network of terminal devices located on mobile and / or stationary objects connected to a dispatch and monitoring center, each specified terminal device contains a bi-directional microcontroller bus GSM transceiver with an antenna connected to units of the audio interface, a transceiver of a satellite communication system with an antenna, a receiver of a positioning system with an The unit, a block for interfacing with primary information sensors, a block for processing analog signals, a block for interfacing with executive devices, a main power supply, and a dispatch and monitoring center contain a message server for a satellite communication system, a message server for a service, N workstations of operators integrated into a local network using the main server, designed to control the operation of the specified center, the formation of commands and messages for the specified system objects and the distribution of transmitted information as well as a GSM radio module with an antenna and a radio module of a satellite communication system with an antenna, connected to a GSM message server and a satellite communication server, respectively, while the GSM transceiver and satellite transceiver of the communication system of these terminal devices are capable of transmitting messages to the corresponding radio modules of the dispatch center and monitoring, and these radio modules of the dispatch and monitoring center are designed to receive messages from many of these terminal devices tv system objects and transmitting commands to the specified system objects (see RF patent No. 2173888, cl. G 08 B 25/08, dated 10/09/2000).

However, this telematics system, using uncontrolled asynchronous message transfer from terminal devices to a dispatch and monitoring center via a mobile communication network (terrestrial or satellite), does not provide guaranteed reception (delivery) of messages in emergency cases under conditions of increased (maybe local) network load .

These situations may occur when calling rescue services, ambulances, fire brigades, etc. in the case when the load on the communication network increases significantly, for example in traffic jams, during large cultural events, on holidays, etc.

The technical result of the invention is to ensure reliable transmission of the selected category of messages in mobile communication systems, such as GSM, regardless of the level of load created by other categories of subscribers.

An additional technical result is the provision by the control center of the load level created by the messages of the terminal devices of the telematics system by remotely changing the period of transmission of messages from the terminal device, for example, to reduce the load on the GSM network from the telematics system.

This is achieved by the fact that in a telematics system containing a set of terminal devices located on mobile and / or stationary objects of the system connected via a digital mobile communications network, for example GSM, including a control center for a digital mobile communications network, an SMS short message center and / or system packet messaging - GPRS, with a dispatching and monitoring center providing reception, accumulation, processing and analysis of messages from terminal devices, generation and transmission of necessary commands to them and with messages, each terminal device with a microcontroller and a digital local area network mobile network transceiver, a satellite-based positioning system receiver, for example, a GPS type, an interface unit with primary information sensors, an analog signal processing unit, an interface unit with actuators and a power supply unit , is additionally equipped with a control unit for the system frame, connected by its input-output to the shared bus of the local network and configured to form a system volume frames of the transceiver of the telematics system synchronized by signals received from the receiver of the satellite positioning system to control the transmission time of messages from mobile and / or stationary objects of the system, and the dispatch and monitoring center is equipped with a telematics message server connected to its bi-directional bus, a system frame parameter calculator and a management information server, the latter being interconnected with a control center of a digital mobile network for receiving I have commands from him to change the time structure of the system frame of the transceiver of the telematic system when changing the load of the digital mobile network in order to ensure the required quality when transmitting messages through its information channels, and the telematic message server is interconnected with the short message center or with the GPRS system of the digital mobile network for transmit control commands to terminal devices, in addition, the control unit of the system frame contains a clock generator controlled by Only time intervals, a controlled shaper of the system frame and a trigger unit of the system frame, the first input of the controlled shaper of time intervals, the input of the trigger block of the system frame and the input-output of the controlled shaper of the system frame form the input-output of the control unit of the system frame, the output of the clock generator is connected to the second input of the controlled shaper of time intervals, the output of which is connected to the input of the controlled shaper of the system frame, and to the third input th slots shaper connected to the output unit start system frame.

The invention consists in the following.

Firstly, a temporary synchronization of terminal devices from the signals of the GPS / Glonas satellite positioning system is organized, which ensures the synchronous transmission of telematic messages from the terminals to the mobile communication network.

In this case, a system frame is formed (TDMA - a frame of a telematics system) containing “n” time windows, in each of which telematics messages are transmitted from a certain group of subscribers, for example, corporate ones belonging to one or several companies.

In the structure of a TDMA frame, a time window or several windows is allocated in which only emergency messages are transmitted.

The formation of the structure of a TDMA frame is determined by the dispatching and monitoring center connected to the control center of the digital mobile network, depending on the current total load on the network, as well as the load created by telematic messages of active terminal devices.

After the dispatch and monitoring center forms a TDMA frame, the program remotely rebuilds (via the digital mobile network channels) terminal devices, that is, each terminal device changes the time and rate of sending its telematic messages, as well as the time interval for emergency communications.

Comparison of the proposed device with the closest analogue allows us to claim compliance with the criterion of “novelty”, and the absence of distinctive features in the analogues indicates the compliance with the criterion of “inventive step”.

Preliminary tests confirm the possibility of wide industrial use.

Figure 1 presents the functional block diagram of the proposed telematic system, and figure 2 is a timing diagram of the transmission of messages.

The telematics system contains a network of terminal devices 1-1 ... 1-N, each of which, by analogy with the prototype, can contain a microphone 2, a telephone 3, a GSM transceiver 4 with an antenna, a transceiver 5 of a satellite communication system with an antenna, and a GPS receiver 6 (or Glonas) with an antenna, a unit 7 for interfacing with primary information sensors, an analog signal processing unit 8, an interface unit 9 for actuating devices, a universal vehicle immobilizer 10, a microcontroller 11, an AC power supply unit 12 ( For example, 220 V), the power unit 13 (core) from an onboard network of a vehicle and the auxiliary unit 14 backup.

It should be noted that, depending on various conditions, some of the above nodes may not always be used, for example, transceiver 5 is not necessary within the borders of Moscow and the Moscow Region. When immobilizing residential premises 10 may not be used.

Each terminal device 1-1 ... 1-N is additionally equipped with a system frame control unit 15 for forming the telematics system transceiver system frames synchronized by time stamps received from the GPS receiver 6 to control the time and rate of message transmission from mobile and / or stationary objects of the system.

The microcontroller 11 using a common bus local area network connects the control circuit and power all of the above blocks.

In addition, the telematics system contains a center for dispatching and monitoring, configured to receive, accumulate, process and analyze telematic messages from terminal devices 1-1 ... 1-N, generate the necessary commands and messages for transmitting them to mobile and / or stationary objects of the system. Terminal devices 1-1 ... 1-N are connected to a scheduling and monitoring center 16 through a digital mobile communications network 17, comprising a digital network management center 18 and a short message center 19. In addition, the digital mobile communications network 17 may comprise one or more base stations and other necessary service equipment, which is not shown in FIG.

The system frame control unit 15 may comprise a clock generator 20, a controllable time slot driver 21, a controllable system frame driver 22 and a system frame trigger 23. The input-output of block 15, which is formed by the first input of the controlled shaper 21 of the time intervals, the input of the block 23 of launching the system frame and the input-output of the controlled shaper 22 of the system frame, is connected to the specified shared bus of the local network of the microcontroller 11.

The output of the clock generator 20 is connected to the second input of the controlled shaper 21 time intervals, the output of which is connected to the input of the controlled shaper 22 of the system frame. The output of the system frame start block 23 is connected to the third input of the controlled shaper 21 time intervals.

The system frame start block 23 serves to generate an initial pulse, potential, or initial code instruction depending on the program. Block 23 can be made in the form of a digital logic circuit such as a code decoder, or a two-input element And, or in the form of a software module recorded in the microcontroller 11. Block 23 generates a time stamp corresponding to the beginning of each system frame.

The controlled shaper 21 of time intervals can be made in the form of a series-connected element And and a controlled counter, the first input (which is a set of parallel inputs) of which is preliminarily supplied with a parallel code for the duration of the time interval, the second input has clock pulses from the generator 20 and the third input - permission from block 23 to the beginning of the account. In this case, the second and third inputs of the controlled shaper 21 are the inputs of the element I.

The controlled shaper 22 of the system frame may contain a time slot counter, the input of which is the input of the controlled shaper 22, and the bit outputs through the code comparator, for example, on the AND-OR-NOT elements are connected to the input-output of the controlled shaper 22, to which the bit inputs of the comparator are connected (not shown in FIG. 1).

The dispatch and monitoring center 16, by analogy with the prototype, may comprise a GSM radio module connected to a GSM message server, a radio module of a satellite communication system with an antenna, for example, an Orbcom system, connected to a message server of the satellite communication system Orbcom, a message server of the SMS, WEB service server, primary and backup servers and operator workstations, connected to the local network using the main server, as well as a power supply (not shown).

The dispatch and monitoring center 16 is equipped with a telematic message server 24 connected to its bi-directional bus (local area network), a calculator 25 of the TDMA frame parameters of the telematics system, and a control information server 26, the latter being interconnected with the digital mobile network control center 18 to receive commands from it to change the parameters of the system frame of the transceiver of the telematics system depending on the load level of the digital mobile network 17, in order to ensure the required quality when transferring ache messages information channels, and the mobile server 24 telematic message center 19 is interconnected with the digital network short message 17 to transmit control commands to the terminal devices 1-1 ... 1-N.

As the servers and workstations of the operators of the center 16 for dispatching and monitoring, as well as a computer 25 for parameters of the system frame and centers 18 and 19, personal computers of the IBM PC type can be used, equipped with peripheral equipment and, if necessary, means for collecting and transmitting information.

The transceiver 4 can be performed, for example, in the form of a cellular telephone communication modem GSM GSM Siemens Module M20 standard.

The receiver 6 can be made, for example, in the form of a navigation receiver of the satellite radio navigation system GPS NAVSTAR model Trimble Lassen LP or Rockwell Jupiter (Jupiter LP).

As blocks 7-9, nodes of the type of ADC and DAC or other nodes of digital-analog equipment can be used.

The bi-directional bus of the microcontroller 11 is connected to the local network by transceivers 4, 5, receiver 6, blocks 7-9 and immobilizer 10, as well as power supply units 12, 13 from the alternating current main and from the on-board network of the moving object, and the autonomous backup power unit 14. Additionally, the introduced power supply unit 12 can be used when the terminal device is operating in the laboratory.

Microcontroller 11 provides information exchange with a cellular modem - GSM transceiver 4, GPS navigation receiver 6, blocks 7-9 for pairing with primary information sensors, processing of analog signals and pairing with actuators and with blocks 2 and 3 of the audio interface.

Microcontroller 11 can be implemented, for example, on the basis of two “8” bit ATEL MEGA 103 microcontrollers from ATMEL, one of which receives and processes information received from a cellular modem — GSM transceiver 4 or from transceiver 5 (for example, of Orbcom type ), prepares information for transmission and controls the operation of the entire device as a whole, and the other processes the information received from the GPS receiver 6 from external digital and analog lines, generates and transmits commands to external lines, monitors the work th power supply.

The microcontroller 11 includes RAM, for example, with a capacity of “32” Kbytes, for storing operational data for the operation of processor programs, as well as non-volatile flash memory (for example, with a capacity of “4” MB) for storing parameters of the operating mode of the terminal device and fixing its log work.

The device operates as follows.

In the operation log of each terminal device 1-1 ... 1-N, all commands and messages received from the dispatch and monitoring center 16 are recorded, as well as messages transmitted from each terminal device 1-1 ... 1-N to the center 16 scheduling and monitoring. For mobile terminal devices, the vehicle route coordinates are additionally recorded in the operation log.

The microcontroller 11 can operate in two main modes: full power mode and low power mode (“standby” mode).

In each terminal device 1-1 ... 1-N of the object serviced by the system, the microcontroller 11 transmits and receives control signals and data on the above-mentioned components of the terminal device connected to this bus via a bi-directional shared bus of the local network.

The operation of the microcontroller 11 occurs in accordance with the program recorded in its memory. GPS receiver 6 or Glonas receives signals from satellites of one of the global positioning systems and calculates the coordinates of the object (for example, “1” once per second). Coordinate data is either accumulated in the memory of the microcontroller 11 or, with a frequency specified by the program, is transmitted to the scheduling and monitoring center 16 via the GSM transceiver 4 or, in the absence of communication via this channel (for example, when a moving object leaves the GSM service area), through the transceiver 5 of the satellite communication system, switching to which is performed automatically according to the corresponding commands of the microcontroller 11. Thus, the communication of the terminal device with the center 16 for dispatching and monitoring not violated (provided) anywhere in the world.

Through the interface unit 7, the terminal device receives signals from sensors, for example, burglar alarms of objects.

When any of the sensors is triggered, the corresponding signals are transmitted through the block 7 to the bus of the microcontroller 11 and after processing in it, a message is transmitted via the GSM transceiver 4 or the satellite transceiver 5 to the corresponding radio module of the dispatch and monitoring center 16.

Using block 8 of the processing of analog signals, the analog parameters of the object are monitored, and when the values of these parameters go beyond the range of their permissible values, block 8 issues a corresponding signal to the microcontroller 11, which then transmits messages to the dispatch and monitoring center 16, similar to how this is done when the alarm is triggered.

Using the block 9 for interfacing with executive devices, the microcontroller 11 can control the executive devices of the object, including its security devices, by commands received through transceivers 4 or 5 (GSM or Orbcom) via the appropriate communication channels from the dispatch and monitoring center 16.

Using blocks 2 and 3 of the audio interface (microphone and telephone), the object exchanges voice messages with the center 16 for dispatching and monitoring. In this case, communication with the center can be carried out directly through the GSM transceiver 4 with an antenna (or through a satellite channel through the transceiver 5).

Power supply units 13 and 14 provide continuous operation of the terminal device. The operation of these units is controlled by the microcontroller 11. In case of a malfunction of the main unit 13, for example, if the power supply to the object is interrupted, the power of the terminal device switches to the backup unit 14. In this case, the microcontroller 11 controls the charge and discharge of the battery of unit 14 and, depending on the remaining capacity of the battery, the microcontroller 11 can change the parameters of the system frame according to the programmed algorithm, extending the battery life of the power supply unit 14, and therefore the entire terminal device.

The operation of the dispatch and monitoring center 16 consists in receiving messages from all terminal devices of the system objects via a GSM radio module or a satellite radio module, accumulating, processing and analyzing these messages on the respective servers, as well as transmitting the necessary commands through the radio module to the system objects in accordance with the server programs . One of the servers 24 receives short messages directly from the center 19 short messages via any available communication channel, for example, via a wired or fiber optic channel. Another server receives and sends messages to the Internet, organizing an additional communication channel.

At the same time, the main and backup servers of the center 16 provide control over the operation of the center 16 for dispatching and monitoring, maintaining databases, processing GPS information, preparing electronic maps, maintaining a geographic information database, distributing information flows between operators' workstations, displaying the location of objects on electronic maps on screens monitors of these workstations, the formation of commands and messages that are then transmitted to system objects, the distribution of transmitted information across servers depending spine on the selected transmission channel (GSM or Orbcom). During the operation of the dispatch and monitoring center 16, the operator’s workstations are used to monitor and service each operator of the corresponding part of the network of terminals of system objects, while the operators transmit messages to the objects and, if necessary, establish two-way voice communication with the object via a cellular or satellite communication channel.

If there is no change in the load of the digital mobile communications network 17, the node 15 forms a system frame (see FIG. 2) with predetermined parameters and with a system frame duration of

T × (n + m),

where T is the time interval;

n is the number of groups of subscribers to the system;

m is the number of standby time intervals (for receiving control commands and other purposes).

.Figure 2 shows a special case when m = 2, and through K _i , where 1≤i≤n, the number of subscribers in each of n groups is indicated. In general, the total number of subscribers in the system is

.

When increasing / decreasing the load of the digital mobile network 17, the center 18 for managing the digital mobile network transmits to the server 26 of the center 16 a command for controlling the parameters of the system frame of the subscribers of the telematic system. In accordance with the received command, the calculator 25 of the system frame parameters performs the necessary calculations and transmits through the server 24 telematic messages of the center 16 the corrected parameters of the system frame to the server 19 short messages, which then transfers the received information to the transceiver 4 of each of the terminal devices 1-1 ... 1-N objects of the telematic system.

The information received by each terminal device is processed by the microcontroller 11, and the corresponding codes forming the time interval of the system frame are recorded in the controlled driver 21 time intervals.

The input of the controlled shaper 22 receives time intervals from the controlled shaper 21 and, upon commands from the microprocessor 11, form the corresponding structure of the system frame or change it.

In addition, if necessary, upon a command from the dispatch and monitoring center 16, the procedure for providing time intervals to groups of subscribers of the telematic system can be changed. For example, to organize the priority of message transmission for one of the groups of subscribers of the system, it is possible to provide additional of n time intervals of the system frame.

In this case, the specified command from the server 24 telematic messages arrives at the center 19 short messages, which transmits it to the transceiver 4 terminal devices 1-1 ... 1-N. The received information is processed by the microcontroller 11 and the corresponding code is transmitted via the system bus for writing to block 23.

Thus, the proposed device provides reliable transmission of the selected category of messages regardless of the load level created by other categories of subscribers, and also provides control of the load level created by the terminals of the telematic system.

Claims (2)

1. A telematics system with synchronous transmission of information, characterized in that it contains a set of terminal devices located on mobile and / or stationary objects of the system connected via a digital mobile communications network, for example GSM, including a control center for a digital mobile communications network, a short message center SMS and / or GPRS packet messaging system, with a dispatch and monitoring center providing reception, accumulation, processing and analysis of messages from terminal devices, formation transmitting the necessary commands and messages to them, with each terminal device having a microcontroller and transceiver of a digital mobile network connected to a common local area network bus, a receiver of a satellite positioning system, for example, a GPS type, an interface unit with primary information sensors, an analog signal processing unit, an interface unit with actuators and a power supply, is additionally equipped with a node for the formation of system frames of the transceiver connected by its input-output to the common bus e local network and configured to synchronize system frames by signals received from a receiver of a satellite-based positioning system such as GPS, and to control the temporal structure of the system frame for receiving and transmitting messages from mobile and / or stationary objects of the system, and the dispatch and monitoring center is equipped with it connected to a common bus LAN server telematic messages, calculator parameters of the system frame and the server control information, while the latter is interconnected with the control center the digital mobile network to receive commands from him to change the time structure of the system frame for receiving and transmitting messages in the telematic system when changing the load of the digital mobile network in order to ensure the required quality when transmitting messages through its information channels, and the telematic message server is interconnected with the short message center or with GPRS digital mobile network for transmitting control commands to terminal devices. 2. The telematics system of claim 1, wherein the transceiver system framing unit comprises a clock pulse generator, a controlled time slot driver, a controlled system frame driver and a system frame trigger, the first input of a controlled time slot driver, input of a system frame trigger and the input-output of the controlled shaper of the system frame form the input-output of the node forming the system frames of the transceiver, the output of the clock generator is connected a second input time slots managed shaper whose output is connected to an input of a controlled system frame generator, and to the third input time slots managed shaper connected to the output unit start system frame.

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