RU2236301C2 - Method of jigging and jigging machine for realization of this method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: classification and concentration of minerals; processing of minerals by jigging; processing of diamond-containing sand.

SUBSTANCE: proposed method of stepped oversize jigging is performed on sections of screen with reducing perforations in way of motion of material being concentrated at discharge of light tailing fraction. Oversize jigging is performed on fixed screen at adjustable jigging cycles at each stage by frequency and amplitude of oscillations. Jigging cycles correspond to optimal conditions of separation of particles of definite sizes. Material passing through screen of previous size flows to screen of subsequent size. Number of jigging stages (F) is determined from the definite mathematical expression. Jigging machine proposed for realization of this method includes distributing feed bin, diaphragm-type mechanism and twin jigging chambers with balancing frame for common drive. Light fraction is removed through sill of chamber. Twin jigging chambers are located in series relative to cascade arrangement of stages. Chambers are provided with additional guide screens located at angle. Perforations of guide screens in all chambers are similar and are lesser than perforations of last stage.

EFFECT: enhanced efficiency of jigging due to adjustable frequency and amplitude of diaphragm in each chamber.

3 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of classification and mineral processing, and in particular to methods and devices for processing by depositing method. It can be used to enrich diamond sands.

Closest to the claimed invention may be a method of oversize depositing, in which the pre-classified material is subjected to the process of jigging separation by density, for example, in the chamber of a jigging machine of the diaphragm type MOD-3. The jigging method on a diaphragm jigging machine includes feeding the material into the chamber on a sieve, where fluctuations in the aquatic environment are created.

For effective separation of the mineral mixture, depending on the size class of the starting material, deposition cycles are selected in frequency and amplitude [1].

A known disadvantage of this method of jigging is the impossibility of jigging previously unclassified material, for which the source material is subjected to preliminary classification in special devices (screens).

A device for implementing this method includes a power distribution hopper, cameras, where a fixed jig sieve is located between the sub-sieve and sieve frames, located by ledges (in each subsequent step lower than the previous one). Each step in the lower part goes into a cone, to which a movable conical bottom with a discharge device for releasing a heavy product is attached. In the MOD-3 machine, one drive frame is connected to the first two bottoms (in the direction of movement of the material). The third bottom has a separate drive and is attached to its balancing frame [2].

The disadvantage of this design is the inability to provide an adjustable frequency and amplitude of the fluctuation of the aquatic environment in different chambers. Due to this drawback, it is not possible to deposit previously unclassified material, for which the starting material is subjected to preliminary classification.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the jigging method, including the supply of previously unclassified material to the sieve of the chamber, where fluctuations of the aquatic environment are created by alternating movements of the conical bottoms is characterized in that the oversize jigging is carried out on a fixed sieve, perforated holes decreasing stepwise along the movement of the enriched material with the output light tail fraction, as well as adjustable (in frequency and amplitude) deposition cycles at each stage from other vibration sources corresponding to optimal conditions for the separation of particles of a certain size. At the same time, at each stage of the depositing sieve, a sieve is subjected to material that has passed through the depositing sieve of the previous stage, and the number of stages of depositing (F) is determined by the formula:

F = p + 1,

where p is the number of required size classes.

Jigging machine for implementing the method, including a hopper-power distributor, a diaphragm mechanism for driving jigging cycles, paired jigging chambers, a fixed jigging sieve located by ledges (in each subsequent stage lower than the previous one). Each step in the lower part goes into a cone, to which a movable conical bottom with a discharge device for releasing a heavy product is attached. The twin jigging chambers are arranged sequentially with cascading and descending steps, the chambers have additional guiding sieves located at an angle, and the perforation of the guiding sieves in all chambers is the same and less than the perforation of the sieve of the last stage.

Compared with the jigging method on a machine with a movable sieve (RF patent No. 2151005 C1, 7 V 03 V 5/18, 1998), including a power distribution hopper, a box in which a hinged movable sieve with perforated holes is located. The frame of the movable sieve is made in the form of three-stage located and rigidly fastened together sieves with perforated holes, while at the loading point the frame is attached to vibrators, and at the unloading point it is pivotally attached to the box, and the perforated holes of each subsequent sieve are made with a diameter smaller than the diameter previous sieve. Vertical oscillations with a frequency of 50 to 100 min ^-1 with an amplitude of 3-5 sizes of maximum pieces of the initial enrichment material are connected with the loading part of the mobile sieve.

The disadvantage of this method is the inability to provide an adjustable oscillation frequency of the depositing sieve for individual particle sizes, which reduces the efficiency of jigging. Due to this drawback, jigging is accompanied by insufficient loosening of the bed in some sections of the sieve or, conversely, an increased degree of loosening of the bed in others.

Compared with the depositing method [1], preliminary classification of the material by size before depositing is not required. At the same time, the enrichment efficiency of individual classes of fineness is achieved due to the stepwise over-sizing deposition with adjustable parameters of the deposition cycle in separate sections of the stationary sieve along the course of movement of the enriched material.

Thus, the claimed method of jigging meets the criterion of "novelty."

A comparable analysis of the proposed solution with the prototype shows that [1], in the proposed method of jigging, it is possible to set the adjustable frequency of oscillation of the diaphragm in each chamber, which allows you to effectively control the looseness of the bed and accordingly increase the efficiency of jigging. Each pair of chambers along the movement of the enriched material has a separate drive, due to which in each pair of chambers adjustable parameters of the jigging oscillation cycle are set, which eliminates the transmission of the same oscillation frequency. The jigging machine is characterized in that during the jigging process, a heavy fraction of the previous sieve enters the subsequent sieve, through a slit-like opening in the end part of the chamber. Moreover, in comparison with the device [2], the transmission of the same oscillation frequency in all parts of the depositing sieve is excluded. Thus, the proposed method meets the criterion of ″ inventive step ″.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which schematically shows a General view of a three-stage jigging machine.

The jigging machine consists of a distribution hopper 1, three pairs of chambers 2, 3, 4. Each chamber in the lower part passes into a cone, to which a movable conical bottom 5, 6, 7 with an unloading device 8, 9, 10 is connected through a flexible cuff release of a heavy product with a particle size of -2 mm. The bottoms of the pairs of chambers are fixed in pairs on a balancing frame, which balances the static loads and transfers reciprocating motion from the drive to the bottoms 11, 12, 13. The chambers are separated by transverse partitions. In all three chambers, sieves 14, 15, 16 are horizontally installed, the holes of which are 8, 4 and 2 mm, respectively. Additionally, in the first two chambers at an angle that depends on the composition of the initial ore, sieves 17, 18 are installed, the size of the holes of which is 2 mm. They serve to transport the under-sieve product (heavy fraction) into the next chamber, as well as for classification, heavy particles with a particle size of -2 mm fall to the bottom of the chamber and are discharged as a separate sediment product (tails). Using a jigging machine with such a design will allow jigging at the same time in three classes of fineness (-16 + 8; -8 + 4; -4 + 2;) and the output of the class is 2 mm. Unloading of the light fraction is carried out through the drain thresholds 19 and 20.

Jigging machine for implementing this method of jigging works as follows. The source material, for example, diamond-containing sands of class - 16 mm, in the form of pulp is fed into the first chamber of the jigging machine, where it is jigged according to the principle of an oversize density separation option. In this case, large (+8 mm) and part of small light particles are naturally squeezed out and pass through the threshold into the second chamber of the jigging machine. The heavy diamond fraction accumulates over the sieve up to a certain point (concentrate survey). Fine material (-8 mm) falls through the sieve and along an inclined sieve, the diameter of the holes of which is 2 mm, under the action of upward flows of water passes into the second chamber of the jigging machine, and a heavy fraction with a grain size of -2 mm settles at the bottom of the first chamber and is removed from the process through the discharge opening. The heavy and part of the light product with a particle size of -8 + 2 mm from the first chamber through a slit-like opening, the height of which, in order to avoid material mash, satisfies the conditions:

H> 3

where d is the maximum diameter of the grain entering the chamber, enters the sieve of the second chamber with perforated holes of 4 mm, where there is additional depositing and classification according to the class -8 + 4 mm. A light fraction of the first and second chambers is removed to the tails. The heavy fraction accumulates over the sieve up to a certain point. Heavy particles with a particle size of -4 mm arrive, as in the first chamber, on an inclined sieve with a hole diameter of 2 mm. A class of -2 mm, as in the first chamber, settles at the bottom and is removed through the discharge opening. Particles with a size of -4 + 2 mm through a slit-like hole enter the third chamber of the jigging machine on a sieve with holes of 2 mm, where over-sagging jigging of a class with a size of -4 + 2 mm occurs. The light fraction is removed through the drain threshold. After a certain time (depending on the material composition of the sand and the initial content of the useful component), the process is stopped and the oversize concentrate is taken.

Literature

1. Handbook of ore dressing. The main processes. M .: Subsoil. 1983. - S. 44-52.

2. Handbook of ore dressing. The main processes. M .: Nedra 1983. - S.53-83.

Claims (2)

1. The method of stepwise oversize deposition in sections of the sieve with decreasing perforated holes along the movement of the enriched material with the conclusion of a light tail fraction, characterized in that the oversize deposition is carried out on a fixed sieve with adjustable deposition cycles at each stage in frequency and amplitude from other vibration sources, corresponding to the optimal conditions for the separation of particles of a certain size, while at each stage of the depositing sieve the material is subjected to oversize depositing, walked through jigging sieve previous stage, and the number of stages of depositing (F) defined by the formula F = p + l, where p is the number of required size classes. 2. Jigging machine, including a power distribution hopper, a diaphragm drive mechanism for jigging cycles, paired jigging chambers with a balancing frame for a common drive, with a light fraction through the chamber threshold, characterized in that the paired jigging chambers are arranged in series with cascading and descending steps from a fixed sieve, in the chambers there are additional guiding sieves located at an angle, and the perforation of the guiding sieves in all chambers is the same and less than the perforation of the holes sieve of the last stage.