RU2230515C2 - Hip fractures treating apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medical equipment used in traumatology and orthopedics for treatment of bone fractures, mainly hip fractures.

SUBSTANCE: apparatus has supporting members connected with one another by threaded rods through pivot joints, and intraosteal rods. Apparatus is provided with threaded bars for connecting intraosteal rods with one another, bolts for attachment of intraosteal rods to supporting members and devices to be mounted on intraosteal rod. Said devices have spherical support to be put onto intraosteal rod, pressing member to be put on spherical support, and nuts. Smooth or threaded openings are formed in pressing members.

EFFECT: simplified construction and increased efficiency in treating of hip fractures.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to medical equipment, namely to traumatology-orthopedics and is intended for the treatment of fractures of human bones, mainly pelvic bones.

Pelvic fractures occur mainly during compression in the sagittal or frontal direction ("Closed injuries of bones and joints." A.V. Kaplan, Vol. 2, - M .: Medicine, 1967, p. 284-289).

There are a large number of designs of devices and apparatus for the treatment of pelvic fractures. For example, the device "Tpaperoi dal peluis frame" Disposable 6 (Pts 10) SFHPS-4-15050 (firm "tekno-medical" Germany, catalog "Super Fixation") contains clamps for intraosseous rods, interconnected by threaded rods and rods, forming trapezoid. Threaded rods and rods play the role of supporting elements.

This design is cumbersome, inconvenient during operation, cannot be used for fractures of the pelvic bones with displacement and for multiple fractures of the pelvic bones, because in this design there are no supporting elements attached to the intact pelvic bones.

The closest design to the proposed invention is "Fixation of bones in a fracture" (international application N 91/11151, PCT (WO). MKI 5 A 61 17/60, publ. 91.08.08, N18.

Inventions of the countries of the world, medicine, veterinary medicine, hygiene, N14, M., 1992, issue 7).

The bone retainer contains clamps for bone rods, interconnected by a sleeve with a hinge pair. At least one headless screw is screwed into the wall of the latter, which enters the recess in the spherical element of the hinge pair, securing the hinge and, therefore, broken bones in a certain position, while the screw can be turned out to change the relative position of the clamps at a later stage of fusion . Compared to curing resins, which fill the hinge to fix it in the required position, the use of a screw makes it easier to work at high ambient temperatures or in poor lighting. To securely fix the articulated pair together with the ends of the fractured bone, it is preferable to have three screws.

This design cannot be used for multiple pelvic fractures, as clamps for bone rods fix three rods only in a certain state - parallel to each other, and cannot fix bone fragments in all necessary planes and at different distances from each other.

The aim of the invention is to increase the reliability of fixation of bone fragments in multiple fractures of the pelvic bones.

The goal in the device for the treatment of pelvic fractures, containing supporting elements connected by threaded rods through hinges, intraosseous rods installed in the clamps, hinges, threaded rods, fixing bolts and nuts located on the supporting elements, is achieved by the fact that the intraosseous rods are movably connected between by means of ball bearings in the clamps using threaded rods and nuts.

Achieving this goal is ensured by the fact that intraosseous rods are movably connected to each other, which increases the rigidity of the structure. A pair, three intraosseous rods installed in bone fragments can serve as a support for the fourth, fifth, etc. intraosseous rod set in fragments.

The connection of intraosseous rods by means of spherical supports in clamps with the help of threaded rods and nuts allows fixing bone fragments in all necessary planes and different distances between fragments, providing compression or distraction.

Figure 1 schematically shows a device for the treatment of pelvic fractures, front view.

Figure 2 - device for the treatment of pelvic fractures, top view.

Figure 3 is an example of the connection of intraosseous rods with each other.

A device for treating pelvic fractures contains support elements 1 connected by threaded rods 2 by means of hinges 3, intraosseous rods 4 installed in clamps 5, hinges 6, threaded rods 7, fixing bolts 8 and nuts 9 located on the supporting elements 1.

Intraosseous rods 4 are movably interconnected by means of ball bearings 10 in the clamps 5 using threaded rods 7 and nuts 9.

The proposed device for the treatment of pelvic fractures is used as follows.

1 ... 3 intraosseous rods 4 are introduced into each of the fragments of the pelvic bones. The largest fragments become basic. A nut 9 is screwed on the intraosseous rods 4, then a ball bearing 10 is put on and another nut 9 is screwed. A clamp 5 is applied on the ball bearing 10. One to three nodes consisting of a nut 9, a ball joint 10 can be installed on each intraosseous rod 4, one more nut 9 and clamp 5. The intraosseous rods 4 closest to the supporting elements 1 by means of ball bearings 10, nuts 9, clamps 5 and bolts 8 are attached to the supporting elements 1. Then, using threaded rods 7 and intraosseous nuts 9 rods 4 are interconnected in the middle By means of ball bearings 10 in clamps 5. For this purpose, threaded holes 11 or smooth holes 12 can be filled in clamps 5. It is possible to use the device with one supporting element 1 or even without supporting elements 1. In this case, the largest fragment will be the base 3 or more intraosseous rods 4 are connected, interconnected. Next, the device is assembled, as described above.

The connection of intraosseous rods 4 with each other using spherical bearings 10, nuts 9, clamps 5 and bolts 8 allows to increase the reliability of fixation of bone fragments due to the fact that the length of the threaded rods 7 is reduced compared to the option of connecting intraosseous rods 4 with supporting elements 1. C using this device it is possible to provide simultaneous distraction for some fragments and the necessary compression for other fragments.

This device can be effectively used in almost all pelvic fractures:

- marginal fractures of the pelvic sections that are not involved in the formation of the pelvic ring;

- in fractures of the pubic bone with one and ischium with another;

- bilateral fractures of the pubic and sciatic bones with displacement;

- diagonal pelvic fractures;

- fractures of the ischium and acetabulum with a central dislocation of the thigh, etc.

Claims (1)

A device for treating pelvic fractures containing support elements connected by threaded rods through hinges, intraosseous rods, characterized in that it is equipped with threaded rods for connecting intraosseous rods to each other, bolts for attaching intraosseous rods to support elements and installation sites on the intraosseous rod, including a ball joint for dressing on the intraosseous shaft, a clamp for applying to the ball joint and nuts, wherein the clamps have smooth or threaded holes.

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