RU2229776C1 - Tillage tool for row cultivator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering, in particular, cultivation of young tilled crops. SUBSTANCE: tillage tool has two chisel hoes and strings arranged in two tiers thereon. Triangular knives are mounted on rear hoe under string end parts. One of knife blades is extending in parallel with string. Upper string is arranged so as to change distance between this string and lower string in vertical plane. Hoe tines may be moved in up and down directions and may be moved to the left and to the right. EFFECT: improved protection of young crops from weeds at any spacing width. 3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, namely to row cultivators cultivating crops of sugar beets, sunflowers, corn, soybeans, etc.

A known working body, which uses a string (wire) as a cutting element (Copyright certificate No. 1750446, class A 01 B 41/04, 1992). It includes a disk mounted on an inclined axis with plate knives evenly fixed along its contour, while the free ends of adjacent knives are interconnected in pairs by wire. When rolling the working body, the wire penetrates the topsoil and cuts the seedlings of plants to a depth of 2 cm.

Its disadvantage is the periodic operation of the wire and cutting seedlings at a shallow depth, which is not always stable.

A working body is also known, consisting of two chisel-shaped paws, to the end parts of which a string (cable) is fixed.

Paws are fixed in side holders located on the front and rear square rods, that is, with the displacement of one relative to the other along the movement of the unit (Prototype: Rudenko N.E. Cultivation of row crops without the use of herbicides. M .: Kolos, 1992, p.90 ... 93).

However, this working body has several significant drawbacks. Firstly, not all cut weeds are thrown off the string. Some of them move along the string to its rear part and there they are unloaded, “pillowcases” are formed, which leads to disruption of the technological process. In addition, all weeds are cut at shallow depths. If youngsters die at the same time, then perennials having a powerful root system at a depth of 10 ... 11 cm quickly grow and continue to inhibit cultivated plants.

The technical result that can be achieved using the present invention is to improve the protection of crops from weeds, both from annual and perennial. The working body can work on crops of row crops with any row spacing.

The technical result is achieved using the working body of a cultivating cultivator, consisting of two chisel-shaped paws and two strings stretched between them, located in two tiers.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that two strings on chisel-like paws are placed in two tiers, while on the back of a paw located under the end parts of the strings are triangular-shaped knives, one of the blades of which is parallel to the string. Moreover, the upper string is installed with the ability to change the distance to the lower in height, and the legs can change their position in the up-down and left-right directions.

In Fig 1 shows a working body, a top view;

figure 2 is a side view;

figure 3 - bit with a knife and the end of the string.

The working body includes two chisel-like paws 1 and 2 (Fig. 1), between which strings 3 and 4 are stretched (Fig. 2).

Under the end parts of the strings on the back of the located paw, knives 5 of a triangular shape are installed, the blades of which are parallel to the strings. Chisel-like paws are placed on the square rods of the 6th row of the 7th section of the cultivator. At the ends of the strings there are twists (thickening) 8, which do not allow the strings to leave the grooves 9 made on the paws. The cultivator section rests on the copying wheel and is placed between the rows of plants 10.

The technological process performed by the working body is as follows.

The strings are installed in the grooves 9, one paw 1 is placed in the front of the ridge 7, the other 2 in the back so that the strings 3 and 4 are located at an angle α to the direction of movement, providing reliable cutting of the weeds with sliding. By moving the square rods 6 back and forth and the chisel-like paws 1 and 2 left and right, strings 3 and 4 are well tensioned. The strings are placed in two tiers: the top 3 moves in the soil to a depth of 3 cm, and the bottom 4 to 12 cm.

In the process of movement of the aggregate, the upper string 3 (Fig. 2) cuts the annual weeds 11, and the lower 4 - perennial 12. After cutting the shoots of the perennial weeds, the outflow of nutrients from the aerial part to the rhizomes ceases, which leads to depletion of the weeds after two, three-fold cutting . The nutrients in the rhizomes become insufficient to break new shoots to the surface from a depth of 10 ... 12 cm.

Part of the cut weeds, especially among annuals, moves along the strings to their lower part, where the knives 5 are located (Fig. 3). Sliding along the blade of a knife, they are cut, thereby eliminating possible pillowcases, unloading weeds.

The working body is especially effective in areas of insufficient moisture. A production check at the Budyonovo Experimental Breeding Station showed that the strings do not carry moist soil to the surface, do not displace it, create the upper mulching layer, and well destroy the soil crust.

Due to the fact that by moving the paws it is easy to change the working width, the working body is suitable for working on crops of row crops with any row spacing.

Claims (3)

1. The working body of a cultivating cultivator, containing two chisel-like paws with a string stretched between them at an angle to the direction of movement, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with a second string, and the strings on the paws are placed in two tiers, with the paw located at the rear under the end parts the strings are set with knives of a triangular shape, one of the blades of which are parallel to the string. 2. The working body according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper string is installed with the ability to change the distance to the lower in height. 3. The working body according to claim 1, characterized in that the legs are mounted with the ability to adjust their position in the up-down and left-right directions.

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