RU2274981C2 - Hand-held flat hoe for horticulturist - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: horticulture, in particular, hand-held tillage tools.

SUBSTANCE: hand-held flat hoe has share manufactured from 1.0-2.0 mm thick constructional steel sheet, shank, and connecting members. Strip is bent from upper part of share at an angle of 30 deg to horizontal plane, said strip having width of 20 mm and being equipped with holes for receiving of fastening screws. Working strip is bent from lower part of share at an angle of 25 deg to horizontal plane, said strip having width of 15-20 mm and being longitudinally divided into two parts which are bent to opposite sides. Cutting edges of strip parts are beveled at an angle of 60 deg to horizontal plane. Hand-held flat hoe simplifies horticulturist's labor on cultured land for preparing of soil or plowing of beds before sowing, plant caring during growing of yield and also for postharvest tillage of soil.

EFFECT: increased efficiency and simplified soil mellowing and weed control.

2 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to a device that facilitates the work of a gardener in a “habitable” area during soil preparation (plowing) of beds before sowing, during plant care during crop cultivation and processing of the site after harvesting.

The literature describes various devices for manual cultivation of the earth, both traditional ones: a shovel, a hoe (BSE 3rd ed., Volume 17. P.66), and the recent invention - "Fokin's manual tillage implement," RF patent No. 2040133 from July 25, 1995, the disadvantage of the first is low labor productivity and a limited number of operations, and the second is the use of high-quality materials to give the mechanical strength of an elongated blade and complicated manufacturing technology (special equipment and heat treatment), which leads to a cost product, as well as the inconvenience of performing some of the declared operations.

The aim of the invention is the creation of a device that allows you to perform work on loosening the soil and weed control, made of cheap material using simple technology.

This goal is achieved by manufacturing the device from sheet structural steel of small thickness, without heat treatment, bent at certain angles. The permissibility of a small sheet thickness is explained by the fact that the pulling force of human hands is applied along the plane of the sheet, i.e. in the direction of greatest strength, and when during operation the device bumps into an obstacle - a tree root, stone, etc., it simply stops, because to destroy a barrier or break a device a person does not have enough strength.

Figure 1 shows a manual plane cutter gardener, General view; figure 2 - ploughshare-ripper, front view; figure 3 - ploughshare-ripper, left view; figure 4 - plane cutter in the working position, the dependence of the traction load on the angle of inclination of the handle; figure 5 - zone of loosening of the soil around the share; figure 6 - the stalk in cross section aa.

Figure 1 shows a gardener's plane cutter, consisting of a ploughshare 1 of a curved shape and a wooden handle 2, of rectangular cross section with rounded corners (see Fig. 6), with dimensions of 20 × 40 mm and lengths up to 1.5 m constant over the entire length This arrangement of the handle is more physiological when held in hands. The share and the handle are interconnected by screws 3 with M4 thread.

Figure 2 shows the ploughshare 1 ploskorez made of a sheet of structural steel with a thickness of 1.0 ÷ 2.0, a width of 65 ÷ 80 and a height of 170 ÷ 190 mm At the top, along a line forming an angle of 30 ° to the horizontal, at a right angle, shelf 4 is bent 20 mm wide with holes for attaching the share to the handle. At the bottom, along the line forming an angle of 25 ° to the horizontal, a working shelf 5 is made with a width of 15 ÷ 20 mm, divided into two parts along the length, which, for load symmetry, are bent in different directions (see figure 3), so that the total "width capture "ploughshare is 30 ÷ 40 mm - rational for human endurance. To facilitate the movement of the share in the soil, the cutting edges of the shelf, in their plane, form an angle of approximately 60 ° to the bending line of the shelf. All cutting edges of the share are pointed.

The cutter is designed for traction applications of forces, impacts and twisting are unacceptable.

The operation of the device is illustrated in figure 4. At the beginning of the work, a person takes the plane cutter by the handle 2, closer or further from the share 1, depending on his height, while the angle of inclination of the handle in the hands of the worker is about 30 ° to the ground, and the working shelf is 25 °. When the plane cutter moves “towards itself” and down its ploughshare cuts into the soil along the shelf to a predetermined depth and the plane cutter stalk, dropping down, increases its angle of inclination to about 40 ° degrees to the surface of the earth, and the working shelf, on the contrary, reduces the inclination (angle attack) to about 15 ° to the surface.

At the same time, the vertical edge of the ploughshare cuts the soil layer vertically, and the working shelf cuts it from the bottom and raises it with its inclined plane, “pulling” it out of the array and pushing it up, and after passing through the working shelf, the soil settles, but already in a loose state and without turning the layer over.

Thus, changing the angle of inclination of the handle, we change the angle of attack of the working shelf of the share, and the degree of loosening and traction force depend on this.

With the passage of one furrow, the cultivated soil layer loosens wider than the grip of the plane cutter, so the next furrow can be done with an interval greater than the "grip width" (see figure 5). This means that the difference in the height of the left and right parts of the working shelf does not affect the quality of plowing, especially if the treatment is carried out in two directions - along and across.

If necessary, a plane cutter can be buried not to the entire height of the share and loosen only the surface soil layer (between rows and tree trunks), destroying weeds.

Thus, the use of a manual plane cutter allows you to perform earthworks in crop production with less effort, and the availability of material and the simplicity of its processing allows you to make the device even in a makeshift way.

Claims (2)

1. Manual flat-cutter of a gardener, including a ploughshare made of structural steel sheet with a thickness of 1.0 ÷ 2.0 mm, a handle and connecting elements, characterized in that at the top of the ploughshare, at an angle of 30 ° to the horizontal, a shelf 20 mm wide with holes is bent under the fastening screws, in the lower part of the share, at an angle of 25 ° to the horizontal, the working shelf is bent 15-20 mm wide, divided in length into two parts, bent in different directions, and the cutting edges of the parts of the shelf are beveled at an angle of 60 ° to the horizontal. 2. Ploskorez according to claim 1, characterized in that the stalk is made along the entire length of the same section of a rectangular shape with rounded corners of the section.

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