RU2296920C1 - Hot-water boiler - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: water heating equipment, particularly used in self-contained heat supply systems.

SUBSTANCE: boiler comprises body made of two coaxial shells defining annular space in-between. Arranged in the annular space are fire tubes of convective bindle and heat carrier heating loop. The boiler also has furnace chamber defined by inner shell interior, working thermostat, fuel bin and burner arranged in furnace chamber and connected through automatic fuel supply system with fuel bin and automatic air supply means with pressurizer fan to provide combustion. Automatic fuel supply system is made as conveyer activated by motor-reductor. Working thermostat controls electric current feed to fan and motor-reductor with the use of programmable controller.

EFFECT: provision of boiler operation optimization, reduced fuel consumption and CO emission, as well as increased safety.

13 cl, 6 dwg

Description

Application area

The invention relates to designs of hot water boilers and can be used in autonomous heat supply systems.

State of the art

A well-known hot water boiler (prototype) containing a housing made of two coaxial shells, in the annular space between which there are smoke tubes of the convective beam and the heating circuit of the coolant, and a combustion chamber formed by the cavity of the inner shell (see RU 2186302 C2, publ. 27.07. 2002).

The known boiler has several disadvantages, namely, the boiler operation process is not optimized, uncontrolled heating of the coolant, increased fuel consumption, uneven heating of the internal elements of the boiler, increased carbon monoxide (CO) emission.

Disclosure of invention

The technical result is the optimization of the boiler, reducing fuel consumption, reducing CO emissions and improving safety.

The technical result indicated above is achieved by the fact that the boiler containing a housing made of two coaxial shells, in the annular space between which there are smoke tubes of the convective beam and the heating medium heating circuit, and the combustion chamber formed by the cavity of the inner shell, according to the invention further comprises operating thermostat, emergency thermostat, fuel hopper and burner located in the combustion chamber and connected by an automatic fuel supply system with a fuel hopper and automatic matic feeding combustion air from a fan and an automatic choke, wherein the automatic fuel supply system is designed as a conveyor, driven by a geared motor and operating thermostat through the programmable controller controls the supply of electrical current to the fan and motor-reducer.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The technical essence of the boiler is illustrated by drawings (Fig.1-6).

Figure 1 presents a front view of the boiler.

Figure 2 presents a rear view of the boiler.

Figure 3 presents the internal arrangement of structural elements of the boiler.

Figure 4 presents the node system of automatic fuel supply.

Figure 5 presents the recirculation node of the boiler.

Figure 6 presents the control panel of the operation of the boiler.

The implementation of the invention

The hot water boiler contains a housing 1 made of two coaxial shells. On the upper and lower sides, each shell is closed with a welded sheet with holes for pipes. In the annular space between the shells there are smoke tubes 2 of the convective beam and a heating circuit 3 of the coolant. The cavity of the inner shell forms a combustion chamber 4 with an atmospheric valve 5.

The hot water boiler further comprises a working thermostat and a burner 6 with a removable cone-shaped element 7, located in the combustion chamber 4 and connected by an automatic fuel supply system with a fuel hopper 8.

The automatic fuel supply system is made in the form of a screw conveyor 9 of two screws located in a step, with an air gap between them, driven by a gear motor 10. The automatic fuel supply system also includes a fuel mixer 11, a boost fan 12 and an air valve 13.

The working thermostat through a programmable controller controls the supply of electric current to the boost fan 12, the air valve 13 and the gear motor 10.

On the rear surface of the casing there are nozzles for supplying 14 and water outlet 15, nozzles 16, 17 for connecting underfloor heating and nozzles 18, 19 for connecting a boiler.

The hot water boiler also contains a recirculation unit 20, consisting of a recirculation supply pipe 21, an emergency pressure relief valve 22, a recirculation pump 23, a filter 24, a circulation ball valve 25 through the boiler, a return pipe from recirculation 26, and a drain 27 of water from the boiler.

In the front part of the boiler body, the firebox door 28 is hung on hinges, the frame of which connects both shells.

Front and rear in the lower part of the body are hinged doors 29, 30 ashpit.

On the rear surface of the housing is a duct 30 flue gas outlet with a door for cleaning.

In the upper part of the body there is a hatch 32 for cleaning the convective part.

The boiler contains an operation control panel 33 containing a flue gas thermometer 34, a thermomanometer 35, a supply thermometer 36, a 3-way valve 37, an emergency thermostat 38, a boiler mode switch 39, a boiler thermostat 40, and a return thermometer 41.

On the outer surface of the casing is mineral wool thermal insulation, closed on top with a decorative removable sheet steel cladding.

An atmospheric valve control handle 42 is fixed on the side surface of the housing.

The legs of the 43 boiler are rigidly attached to the bottom of the ash pan.

The fuel hopper is provided with a lid 44.

The firebox door, chimney and fuel supply system are coated with heat-resistant paint.

The hot water boiler operates as follows.

The hot water boiler through the inlet pipes 14 and the coolant outlet 15 is connected to a heating system containing a circulation pump (not shown in Fig.).

The fuel hopper 8 is filled with fuel, mainly wood pellets or dry grain. Then, the lid 44 of the fuel hopper 8 is closed and latched.

The mode switch of the boiler 39 is rotated to the "fuel supply mode" position. The door of the furnace 28 opens and the cone-shaped element 7 of the burner 6 is removed to visually control the filling of the burner cavity with fuel.

The mode switch of the boiler 39 is rotated to the "STOP" position, the fuel is poured with liquid for kindling.

Then the atmospheric valve 5 opens, the fuel in the burner 6 is ignited. After the formation of stable combustion around the entire perimeter of the burner 6, the furnace door 28 and the atmospheric valve 5 are closed, and the mode switch of the boiler 39 is rotated to the “fan” position. After a few minutes, to control the ignition, the atmospheric valve 5 opens, then the door of the furnace 28 and the presence of stable combustion over the entire surface of the burner is visually checked. Then, with the help of the holder (grip), the cone-shaped element 7 is mounted on the burner 6. The furnace door closes, the atmospheric valve 5 is moved to the “closed” position, the boiler mode switch 39 is turned to the “automatic boiler operation” position.

The movement of flue gases in the combustion chamber is reversible. Flue gases return to the floor, pass inside the smoke tubes 2 up through the cavity of the upper hatch of the convective part, down, then up again and enter the flue gas exit box 31, from where they are led through the pipe into the chimney.

Maintaining the desired temperature of the coolant is carried out by the operating thermostat 40 located under the operation control panel. When the set boiler heating temperature is reached, the operating thermostat switches off the boost fan 12 through the programmable controller, closes the air valve 13, and turns off the gear motor 10 (the power supply circuit opens). After the coolant has cooled by 7-10 ° C from the set value, the circuit closes and the burner automatically ignites by supplying fuel and air.

To control the flow temperature of the coolant, a three-way valve 37 is used.

In the event that the limit temperature indicator for heating the coolant by 8-10 ° C exceeds the temperature reading set by the operating thermostat, an emergency thermostat 38 is activated, opening the boiler power supply circuit.

In the event of an emergency stop, it is necessary to wait for the coolant temperature to drop (mainly 70-75 ° C), unlock the thermostat, and the system should automatically restart and return to the set temperature mode.

Claims (13)

1. A water boiler containing a housing made of two coaxial shells, in the annular space between which there are smoke tubes of the convective beam and a heating medium heating circuit, and a combustion chamber formed by the cavity of the inner shell, characterized in that it further comprises a working thermostat, a fuel hopper and a burner located in the combustion chamber and connected by an automatic fuel supply system with a fuel hopper and automatic combustion air supply with a boost fan, EMA automatic feeding of fuel is designed as a conveyor, driven by a geared motor and operating thermostat through the programmable controller controls the supply of electrical current to the fan and motor-reducer. 2. The boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the automatic fuel supply system comprises a fuel mixer. 3. The boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the conveyor is made of a screw type of two screws located in a step, with an air gap between them. 4. The boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that on the rear surface of the housing there are nozzles for supplying and discharging water, nozzles for connecting underfloor heating and nozzles for connecting a boiler. 5. The boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a recirculation unit, consisting of a supply pipe for recirculation, an emergency pressure relief valve, a recirculation pump, a filter, a ball valve for switching circulation through the boiler, a return pipe from recirculation and water discharge from the boiler . 6. The boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains in front of the furnace door, the frame of which connects the shell. 7. The boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the front and rear at the bottom of the housing have ash pan doors. 8. The boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that on the rear surface of the housing there is a flue gas outlet duct. 9. The boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that in the upper part of the housing there is a hatch for cleaning the convective part. 10. The boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises an operation control panel comprising a flue gas thermometer, a thermomanometer, a supply thermometer, a 3-way valve for controlling the temperature of the coolant, an emergency thermostat, a boiler mode switch, a boiler operating thermostat, and a thermometer return flows. 11. The boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that on the outer surface of the casing is mineral wool thermal insulation, closed on top with a removable decorative lining. 12. The boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that an atmospheric valve is located inside the casing, connecting the firebox to the flue gas duct. 13. The boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the cone-shaped element is located on the burner.

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