RU2267244C2 - Method for removal of stones and apparatus for performing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture, in particular, manufacture of novel equipment and creating of novel stone removing processes.

SUBSTANCE: method involves chunking out semi-concealed stones; picking up freely lying stones; chunking out successive semi-concealed stone after removal of freely lying stones; emptying hopper filled up with stones. Apparatus has trailer equipped with hopper and picking up comb, and chunking tooth secured at right side, forward of tractor side member. Shock-absorbers are mounted on frame. Hydraulic cylinder for hopper is attached in inclined position to frame, rearward of hopper. Trailer-hitch tongue consists of two pivotal parts equipped with two constant and two automatic retainers. Picking up comb has two disk stabilizers which are spring-loaded and adjustably fixed on side walls. Apparatus of such construction enables tiresome work for tractor driver to be reduced.

EFFECT: increased efficiency and reduced labor intensity for tractor driver.

4 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of agricultural engineering and can be used to create new stone harvesting machines.

Known machine for cleaning stones, described in the book by AB Lurie, F. G. Gusintsev, E. I. Davidson "Agricultural Machines". L., Kolos, 1983, pp. 41–42. It consists of a full-contour frame, a running gear with pneumatic tires, a hopper, and a pick comb. A significant drawback of this machine is the low maneuverability due to the full-contour frame, which limits the visibility of the tractor driver during maneuvers and often interferes with the maneuvers themselves, thereby limiting productivity, with some of the stones remaining half-hidden in the soil, as the working bodies of the machine are not adapted to take such stones.

Known rock-cleaning machine GT 500 company "Rosk-o-matik" Canada. This machine includes a trailer and an extensor tooth which is independently mounted behind. This embodiment of the machine allows to improve the selection of half-hidden stones. However, this closest proposed machine has a number of disadvantages, firstly, due to the rear location of the rooting tooth, therefore it is inconvenient to observe the work process and make timely adjustments, which leads, secondly, to quick fatigue and lower labor productivity, inconvenience re-hooking the machine when moving to a transport position and increased dimensions when transporting on the road.

The purpose of this invention is to increase the productivity of the machine by expanding technological capabilities, reduce the fatigue of the tractor driver due to the front location of the writhing tooth, which also leads to an increase in the productivity of the unit, to simplify the transfer of the machine from the transport position to the working position and back due to the folding trailer.

The inventive stone harvesting unit, comprising a pick comb and a hopper for collecting stones, an upright tooth, is hydraulically controlled and is located in front of the right along the unit on the tractor side members, and the machine is equipped with a folding trailer-wedge.

Figure 1 presents a front view of the unit, figure 2 presents a top view of the unit.

Consider the device of a stone harvesting unit. To the power tool - tractor 1 - there is attached a sticking tooth 2 on the tractor side members with a driving hydraulic cylinder 3. A trailer-snick 5 is attached to the towing device 4 with hinges A and B and a damping stop 6. On the frame of the machine 7 are pivotally mounted: comb 8 with a hydraulic cylinder 9 and a hopper 10 for stones with a hydraulic cylinder 11 and support wheels 17. For shock-free lowering of the hopper on the frame, damping supports 12 are mounted on it, on which the legs 13 connected to the hopper rest. Disk stabilizers 14 are installed on the comb 8 on both sides, and they are connected to the sidewalls by mechanisms 15, which make it possible to move upward when hiding a hidden stone, preventing damage due to the spring mechanism 15. The lever 16, pivotally mounted on the machine frame, serves to fix the comb in its transport position (shown by the strokes in figure 1) to prevent spontaneous lowering during transportation of the unit. Supporting wheels 17 and a latch 18 are mounted on the frame 7 for fixing the trailer-snits in transport position B.

The stone harvesting unit operates as follows. When the unit moves across the field with the help of comb 8, visible free-lying stones are selected and with the help of hydraulic cylinder 9, the comb rotates and dumps stones into the hopper 10, while the damper pads 12 soften the impact from the stones, because they are made of elastic material, such as rubber. If a half-hidden stone is seen, as shown in Fig. 1, then with the help of a tooth 2 the hidden stone is uprooted and then with a comb 8 it is picked up and dumped into the hopper 10. As soon as the hopper is full, the stones are unloaded from the machine at the edge of the field or into the pen. When moving from field to field or after completion of work, the trailer can be folded down without leaving the cab due to the automatic release of one of the hinges B due to the electromagnetic relay, a similar lock 18 is mounted on the frame and allows the second half of the trailer-snicker to be fixed or unlocked accordingly 5 .

Using the proposed device, you can implement a new method of cleaning stones.

There is a method of stone cleaning using the UKP-0.6 machine, described in the book by E.I. Yeltsov and A.M. Lopatin, "Mechanization of cultural work" M., Kolos, 1976, pp. 154-155. In this method, stones are picked up by a comb machine, they are thrown into a hopper and then transported to the place of unloading. However, with this method, semi-hidden stones remain uncleared, which reduces the quality of work.

The proposed method can be implemented using the unit described above. Example. The proposed unit moves along the field with the tooth down, and the stones that are half-hidden in the soil by the tooth are uprooted, and the next comb of the unit picks up such a stone and loads it into the bunker, and in the future, if there are no more half-hidden stones, then the selection of freely lying stones with a comb 8, and as soon as such a stone appears on the path again, first half-hidden stone is wriggled along the unit, and then it is picked up with a comb and loaded into the hopper.

The essence of the method: with the help of a writhing tooth, when moving the aggregate, half-hidden stones in the soil are first wrung out, and then they are picked up by the aggregate comb, loaded into the bunker and then the freely lying stones are picked up on the field surface, and when the next half-hidden stone appears, the selection of free-lying stones is first completed.

The proposed method makes it possible to increase the productivity and quality of the selection of stones due to the uprooting of half-hidden stones, which cannot be done with the prototype, because This machine is not suitable for uprooting half-hidden stones. And in addition, the installation of the tooth in the front of the machine, unlike the Canadian machine, causes less fatigue for the tractor driver, which leads to increased productivity and improved work quality due to greater maneuvering capabilities, as the tractor operator has a much larger view of the working area, he can see the situation on the field in advance and take measures for a particular maneuver in advance.

To exclude idle crossings across the field, stones are used at the edge of the field to unload stones, which can be brought directly to the stone harvesting unit itself and unloaded with a filled hopper.

This makes it possible to save time and, consequently, increases productivity.

Claims (4)

1. A method of cleaning stones from the field surface, including selecting loose stones with a comb, transferring them to the hopper and moving them to the storage location, characterized in that first half-hidden stones located along the unit are wrung out, they are selected with a comb and loaded into the hopper, and then they select freely lying stones along the unit. 2. The device for implementing the method according to claim 1, comprising a hopper with a comb and hydraulic cylinders mounted on the frame, a hook-on device and a tooth sticking out, characterized in that the tooth is attached to the front right along the unit on the tractor side members, the hopper is equipped with left and right stops, supported in the working position on the shock absorbers mounted on the frame, the hopper hydraulic cylinder is located on the frame behind its rear wall, which is supported by two symmetrically mounted on the frame relative to the symmetry line of the shock absorber made of elastic material iala and trailer JRC formed of two hinge parts, connecting two permanent joint and two latches automated solenoid operated, the comb is equipped with two disc stabilizers which are pivotally mounted on the side walls of the comb with the possibility of regulation spring loaded and executed. 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that one of the automated clamps is attached to the frame under the comb rigidly and the rear part of the trailer-snits is fixed in it, and the second automated clamp is mounted on the plate in the middle of the trailer-snits. 4. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that a damping stop of elastic material is installed on the side surface of the trailer-snits.

Images