RU2258077C1 - Pyrolysis chamber for solid materials - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: power engineering.

SUBSTANCE: pyrolysis chamber comprises a number of heating pipes provided with impact-deflecting jackets, which are housed inside the internal space of the jackets. The chamber is mounted for permitting rotation around its longitudinal direction and provided with the internal heating shell mounted with a spaced relation with respect to the shell of the housing of the rotating pyrolysis chamber. Two end plates are provided with ports for flowing heat-carrying agent. The outer side of the inner shell is provided with the spiral passages for indirect heating of the internal shell which is in a contact with the solid material to be processed. The inner side of the housing shell of the rotating pyrolysis chamber is provided with a heat insulating layer that minimizes heat loss to the ambient and allows the inner shell, which is in a contact with the solid material to be processed, to be heated indirectly.

EFFECT: enhanced efficiency of heating.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to energy and is used for the thermal elimination of solid waste, in particular by the method of channeling-burning.

The thermal waste disposal apparatus according to the channelization-burning method comprises a channelization chamber (pyrolysis reactor) and a high-temperature combustion chamber. The pyrolysis reactor converts solid waste charged through a conveying device into high-calorie pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residual. In the high-temperature combustion chamber, liquid slag occurs, which is discharged through the drain and after cooling is present in vitrified form, a steam generator is integrated in the flue gas pipeline as a cooling heat exchange device, a dust filtering unit and an installation for cleaning smoke basins.

As a channeling chamber (pyrolysis reactor), a channeling drum rotating around the longitudinal axis is used, which contains many parallel heating pipes on which solid materials - waste are heated without access of air (EP 0302310 A, 08.02.89).

For the simplest possible replacement of the heating pipes, heating pipes are provided in the form of a self-supporting register of heating pipes, which can be replaced as a unit (DE 3702318 C1, 01.28.88).

Heat transfer tubes are known which are arranged in a stationary heat exchanger in the form of vertical rows. The heat exchanger flows from top to bottom with a gas stream that carries fly ash. To protect the heat exchanger from fly ash, the heat exchanger tubes have a protective shield (US 5154648 A, 13.10.92).

Known furnace chamber for solid material in waste processing, containing a drum pyrolysis chamber rotating around its longitudinal direction, heating pipes arranged in radially directed rows parallel to each other and provided with shock-reflective shells made in the form of steel gutters and arranged on a part of the total length of the heating pipes, which protects the heating pipes in the pyrolysis chamber from mechanical damage and increase their service life (RF patent No. 2125584 of 01/27/99, b Yul. No. 3).

The disadvantages of the above analogues is the lack of heating of the shell of the pyrolysis of the rotating chamber, which worsens the pyrolysis conditions of solid waste.

The aim of the invention is to create conditions for efficient indirect heating of the shell in contact with solid recyclable waste for rapid pyrogenetic decomposition.

The purpose of the invention is achieved in that the pyrolysis chamber for solid materials, with the possibility of rotation around its longitudinal direction, includes a plurality of heating pipes equipped with shock-reflective shells located in its internal space, while the pyrolysis chamber rotating around its longitudinal direction is equipped with an internal heated shell, installed with a gap in relation to the shell of the body of the rotating pyrolysis chamber, and in the two end plates there are windows for the passage of heat of the carrier, spiral channels are installed on the outer side of the inner shell for efficient indirect heating of the inner shell in contact with the processed solid materials, a heat-insulating layer is applied on the inner side of the shell of the rotary pyrolysis chamber, minimizing heat loss to the outer space and allowing efficient indirect heating of the inner shell, in contact with solid recyclable materials.

In this case, the inner shell heated by spiral channels in contact with solid recyclable materials can be made in the form of a polyhedron.

The pyrolysis chamber can also be equipped with a removable register of heating pipes equipped with shock-reflective shells having an internal heated shell.

The installation that implements the above objective of the invention contains (see Fig. 1 and a sectional view of Fig. 2): a crusher of solid materials 1 with a drive, a loading device 2, a shell of the housing of the pyrolysis chamber 3, a feeding screw 4 with a drive 5, and an internal heated shell 6 , shock-reflective shells 7, unloading device 8, pyrolysis gas outlet pipe 9, coolant inlet chamber 11, heating pipes 12, coolant outlet chamber 13, front end plate 14, rear end plate 15, outlet pipe of the solid pyrolysis core Single 16, insulating layer 17, the windows for coolant passage 18, inner shroud 19, a heating chamber, the spiral channels 20.

The pyrolysis chamber for solid materials in the form of waste works as follows: solid waste, such as automotive tires, are crushed into fractions determined by the technological process together with metal cord on crusher 1, the so-called chips obtained are lowered into loading device 2 and using screw 4 with drive 5 fall into the cavity of the pyrolysis chamber, limited by the shell 3, the inner heated shell 6, with heating pipes 12, equipped with shock-reflective shells 7, solid materials - chip due to the high temperature, they decompose into pyrolysis gas, liquid fraction and carbon black with cord residues, this also occurs as a result of the contact of solid materials with indirectly heated inner shell 6 as a result of the passage of the coolant through the chamber 11 of the window 18, the heating chamber of the inner shell 19 with a spiral channel 20 and the exhaust chamber 13, the pipes 12 are heated in the same way and also come into contact with the solid processed material, accelerating the pyrogenesis process by mixing the solid processed material, the same posobstvuet if heated inner shell is made in the form of a polyhedron. Pyrolysis gas is discharged through the pipe 9, and the solid residue and the liquid phase from the discharge device 8 through the pipe 16.

Pipes 12 with shock-reflective shells 7, inner shell 6, end plates 14 and 15 can be made as a single removable register, which improves maintenance of the rotating pyrolysis chamber.

The advantage of the claimed pyrolysis chamber is a more efficient pyrogenetic heating of solid material through the use of internal indirectly heated through spiral channels, using a heat carrier, shell.

Sources of information

1. EP 0302310 C1, 02.28.89.

2. DE 3702318 C1, 01.28.88.

3. US 5154648 A, 10.13.92.

4. RF patent №2125584 from 01/27/99, bull. No. 3.

Claims (3)

1. A pyrolysis chamber for solid materials with the possibility of rotation around its longitudinal direction and having a plurality of heating pipes equipped with shock-reflecting shells located in its internal space, characterized in that the pyrolysis chamber rotating around its longitudinal direction is equipped with an internal heated shell mounted with a gap with respect to the shell of the body of the rotating pyrolysis chamber, and in the two end plates there are windows for the passage of the coolant, on the outside spiral channels are installed not for the inner shell for effective indirect heating of the inner shell in contact with the processed solid materials, a heat-insulating layer is applied on the inner side of the shell of the rotary pyrolysis chamber, minimizing heat loss into the outer space and allowing efficient indirect heating of the inner shell in contact with solid processed materials. 2. The pyrolysis chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner shell heated by spiral channels in contact with solid recyclable materials can be made in the form of a polyhedron. 3. The pyrolysis chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that it can be equipped with a removable register of heating pipes equipped with shock-reflective shells having an internal heated shell.

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