RU2247192C2 - Drainage building method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: land-reclamation, particularly drainage building in flooded irrigated lands.

SUBSTANCE: method involves digging out channel in a single drainage machine pass by plow-type ditcher; dumping dug out fertile ground on channel brows in banks; digging out trench by operative tool of drainage machine; laying drainage pipe and covering thereof with ground; filling channel with fertile ground. Fertile ground layer is loosened before trench digging out along drainage pipe laying axis, wherein width of loosened ground strip is not less than operative tool width. Loosened ground is laid on channel brows. Trench is dug out by chain operative tool of narrow drainage machine performing reverse rotation and extracted ground is placed between trench walls and drainage machine bunker to cover drainage pipe moved into trench by guiding means. Trench is backfilled with ground with the use of two pairs of banks, which provides successive filling trench with ground and loosened fertile ground.

EFFECT: increased efficiency due to prevention of trench wall compaction, reduced power inputs.

7 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to the field of land reclamation and may find application in the construction of drainage, mainly on flooded irrigated lands.

A known method of constructing drainage, including removing the vegetation layer, trenching the trench, laying the pipe, filling the trench and laying the removed vegetation layer in place (Aut. St. USSR No. 1377328, IPC E 02 B 11/00, 1988).

The disadvantage of this method is the high complexity of the work associated with the use of a complex of machines and mechanisms for the separate execution of individual operations. Repeated passage of heavy equipment causes compaction of the soil layer in the drainage area and, as a result, a decrease in productivity.

The closest analogue to the proposed method is a method of constructing a drainage, including performing in one pass of the drainage trench channel fragments with a two-blade plow digger with filling the extracted fertile soil with rollers on the channel edges and developing a trench with the working body of the drainage trench, laying the drainage pipe and filling it with soil, as well as subsequent movement fertile soil in the cross section of the channel after filling the drainage pipe with soil (Aut. St. USSR No. 1486562, IPC E 02 B 11/00, 1989).

The implementation of this method avoids multiple passes of heavy equipment over the area of the drained area and reduces the risk of compaction of the soil layer. However, the use of passive slitherer for the construction of drainage during the formation of a gap by compaction of its walls affects the drainage functions of the drainage and allows it to be used only for the removal of surface water resulting from heavy rainfall. In the irrigation zone, where there is a need to intercept and drain rising groundwater, this construction method reduces the efficiency of drainage due to a decrease in the filtration capacity of the gap as a result of compaction of its walls. In addition, the use of passive crevice in the construction of deep drainage increases the requirements for the strength characteristics of the drainer and increases the energy intensity of the construction process.

These shortcomings make it possible to eliminate the proposed method for constructing drainage, which includes, in one pass of the drainage layer, channel fragments with a two-blade plow channel digger with filling the extracted fertile soil with rollers on the channel edges and trench development by the working body of the drainage layer, laying the drainage pipe and filling it with soil, as well as the subsequent movement of fertile soil in the cross section of the channel after filling the drainage pipe with soil, in which, according to the invention, before trenching, loosening is carried out layer of fertile soil along the axis of laying the drainage pipe in a strip not less than the working width of the working body of the drainage layer, loosened fertile soil is moved to the channel edges, and the trench is developed by a chain working body of the reverse rotation of the narrow trench drainage layer with the developed soil moving between the walls of the trench and the hopper of the drainage layer which fill up the drainage pipe that enters the trench through the guides, while filling the trench with two pairs of dumping dumps, ensuring ivayuschih stacking sequence in her loosened soil and fertile soil.

The technical result from the application of the proposed method is that loosening the fertile soil layer and moving it to the channel edges in combination with the development of the trench by the chain working body of the reverse rotation of the narrow trench drainer with the movement of soil between the walls of the trench and the drainage bin hopper while laying the pipe and then backfilling the trench soil and soil ensures the preservation of fertile soil, the formation of a homogeneous plastic mass of soil, pressed between the walls of the trench and bunker and filling the volume of the trench behind it, while the first pair of falling ashes dumps moves into the trench part of the soil squeezed to the surface by the bunker of the drainer, and the second one transports and puts loosened fertile soil into the trench.

Thus, in one pass of the drainage layer, the drainage pipe is laid to a greater depth while maintaining the filtering ability of the walls of the trench.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, where figure 1 shows a General side view of a drainer for implementing the proposed method; figure 2 is a top view of the drainer; figure 3 is a General diagram of the method, top view; figure 4 is a section aa in figure 3, a diagram of loosening fertile soil; figure 5 is a section bB in figure 3, a diagram of the movement of fertile soil on the edges of the channel; figure 6 is a section bb in figure 3, a diagram of the filling of the trench with soil; in Fig.7 is a section GG in Fig.3, the scheme of filling the trench with fertile soil.

Drainer for the implementation of this method consists of a base machine 1, in the rear part of which there is a chain working body 2 of reverse rotation, a hopper 3 for bulk material, guides 4 of the drain pipe 5. In the front of the base machine 1, additional working bodies are mounted on the frame 6: block circular knives 7 and a plow canal digger 8 with dumps 9. The frame 6 is interfaced with the body of the base machine 1 with a hydraulic cylinder 10. In the rear of the hopper 3 on the frame 11 there are two pairs of falling dumps 12 and 13 with an adjustable working width.

The implementation of the proposed method using the described drainer is carried out in the following sequence.

Before the drainer’s departure to the gasket route, the drains install its working bodies to the specified operating mode. Based on the capacity of the fertile soil layer, using the hydraulic cylinders 10, set the depth of loosening with circular knives 7 and the depth of the canal fragments by the plow channel digger 8, adjusting the position of the dumps 9 according to the width of the loosened strip and the depth of the canal fragments, set the angle of inclination of the filling dumps 12 and 13, providing overlap with the dumps 12 zones of extrusion of soil, and dumps 13 - zones of formation of ridges of fertile soil.

In the process of moving the drainer along the laying path, the drain knives 7 loosen the strip 14 to a predetermined depth (Fig. 4, section AA). The dumps 9 of the canal digger 8 move the loosened soil onto the channel edges with the formation of ridges of fertile soil 15. The active chain working body 2 of the drainage stacker develops a narrow trench during its reverse rotation. In this case, the loosened soil from the upper drier layers moves down and mixes with the pulp of the deep water-saturated layers with the formation of a plastic mass, which is pressed between the walls of the trench 16 and the hopper 3, closing the drainage pipe 5, which comes along the guides 4 at the same time as the filtering dust from the hopper 3 . When filling the trench 16, part of the plastic mass is squeezed into the upper part of the trench 16, forming a roller 17, the falling ashes 12 return this soil to the trench 16, and the dumps 13 transfer fertile soil to it 15 of the rollers on the edges of the channel.

Thus, the application of the proposed method for the construction of drainage can increase its effectiveness by eliminating the compaction of the walls of the trench and reduce the energy intensity of the construction process.

Claims (1)

A method of constructing drainage, including performing in one pass of the drainage layer channel passages with a two-blade plow digger with filling the extracted fertile soil with rollers on the channel edges and developing a trench with the working body of the drainage layer, laying a drainage pipe and filling it with soil, as well as the subsequent movement of fertile soil into the channel section after the backfill drainage pipe with soil, characterized in that before the development of the trench, the fertile soil layer is loosened along the axis of laying the drainage pipe in the polo all, with a width not less than the working body of the draining layer, loosened fertile soil is moved to the channel edges, and trench development is carried out by a chain working body of the reverse rotation of the narrow trench drainage layer with moving soil between the walls of the trench and the bunker of the drainage layer, which is poured into the drainage pipe through the guides, while filling the trenches with the help of two pairs of falling dumps, providing a consistent laying of soil in it and loosened nd fertile soil.

Images