RU2135089C1 - Device for puncture biopsy - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medical instruments, applicable for through-the skin biopsy of the pancreas, liver and tumors of various organs. SUBSTANCE: tubular casing accommodates a movable cannula with a slide, spring, slide retainer and a locking member. The cannula and needle member have bearing flanges on the working ends with a spring, between them. The slide retainer has the shape of an L-shaped lever with a transverse arm in the form of a ring. The ring is aligned with the casing and located between the cannula flange and slide end. The lever longitudinal arm is made as a bar with a boss in the tail section and two opposite-arranged peripheral bosses. The slide is made as a bush with a cross-shaped slot for installation of the retainer longitudinal arm, the casing has a longitudinal through slot. The locking member is made in the form of a bush fixed on the casing. EFFECT: improved compactness, simplified design, enhanced convenience in use, simplified cleansing and sterilisation. 2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to medical instruments, in particular to instruments for percutaneous biopsy of the pancreas, liver, kidneys and tumors of various organs.

 A device for puncture biopsy of the kidneys (Russia, p. 2021770, MKI-5: A 61 B 17/34, decl. 30.07.91, publ. 30.10.94).

 The device comprises a tubular body with a cylindrical knife, a puncture needle with a holder, an annular recess for the biopsy sample and a tapered tip placed in it with the possibility of longitudinal movement, a hollow handle with a needle feed mechanism having a cylindrical spring with a release lever and a needle stroke regulator, the mechanism of translational movement of the knife containing a cylindrical spring with a release lever and a support washer freely mounted on the housing, and a rotary mechanism eniya blade, and a mechanism of longitudinal oscillations of the cylindrical knife.

 The disadvantages of the design are its complexity and the complexity of the service.

 Closest to the claimed and selected as a prototype is the "Device for sampling tissue with a biopsy cannula" (Germany, high school N 3924291, MKI-5: A 61 B 10/00, 17/34; laid out 01.31.91 )

 The device comprises: a housing, a needle element located therein, an outer tube (cannula) surrounding the needle element, an input unit for collecting a tissue sample, which simultaneously introduces the needle element and the outer tube into the fabric; the input unit has 2 slide elements that are movable along the same axis, of which the rear slide element carries a needle element in the input direction, and the slide slide element in the front direction carries the next slide element that can move against the front slide element and which carries the outer tube (cannula). There are 3 springs: the first spring loads both of the slide elements offered along the same axis in the direction of entry, being located between the honey body and the rear end face of the slide element carrying the needle element. The front slide element in the input direction has an abutment for the next slide element. The other spring is clamped with tension between the two sliding elements moving along the same axis and reaches the front sliding element with the element carrying the outer tube. The third spring is placed between the last focus on the second slide and the slide carrying the outer tube. Locking latches are provided as splitters for the slide elements: the first latch is located on the body and works at the very beginning of the sampling process, then remaining in the lock, and the slide becomes a fixed support for the next slide. Other latches are placed on the above-mentioned slide with the possibility of operation. As a regulator of the stroke of the outer tube (cannula), stops are used that can be adjustable.

 The presence of many structural elements and nodes necessary to achieve the final result - taking a biopsy, makes the design cumbersome and complex. Low operational characteristics due to the use by the operator in the work of many locking elements, and therefore a lot of manipulations. A large number of structural elements and relatively complex assembly complicate the pre-sterilization and sterilization treatment.

 The objective of the present invention is to provide a compact device, simple in design, convenient to operate, easy to process and sterilize.

 To solve the problem, in a puncture biopsy device containing a tubular body, a cannula with a slider, a spring, a slide lock, a needle element, a locking element of the housing according to the invention, the cannula and the needle element at non-working ends are provided with supporting flanges between which the spring is placed, the slide lock is made in the form of a L-shaped lever, the transverse shoulder of which is made in the form of a ring, coaxial to the body and located between the cannula flange and the end face a, and the longitudinal shoulder is made in the form of a strap with a protrusion in the rear part and two opposite lateral protrusions, while the slider is made in the form of a sleeve with a crosswise groove for installing the longitudinal shoulder of the latch, and the housing is provided with a longitudinal through groove, and the locking element is made in the form fixed on the sleeve body. On the locking element and the housing are marked with longitudinal marks with arrows.

 The presence of supporting flanges at the non-working ends of the cannula and the needle element determines the location of the spring, which must be fixed; placement in the tubular body of the elements of translational movement of the device - the cannula with the slider, a locking element made in the form of a sleeve fixed on the housing for interaction with the end face of the L-shaped retainer, the transverse shoulder of which is made in the form of a ring, coaxial with the body and located between the supporting flange of the cannula and the end face of the slider, and the longitudinal one - in the form of a bar with a protrusion in the rear part and two lateral opposed protrusions, creating a reliable locking of the latch in the cross-shaped groove n and the slider, which excludes the displacement of the slider in the uninvolved state, is all aimed at fixing the spring in a compressed state to ensure the longitudinal movement of the cannula and the release of the working end of the needle element in a stationary state, for its unhindered introduction into the test body and its unloading when the cannula moves longitudinally for cutting biopsy.

 The presence of longitudinal marks with arrows on the locking element and the housing increases the ease of assembly when using the device.

 The presence of a small number of structural elements of the device, their interconnection and constructive implementation makes the design simple and compact, convenient to operate and easy to process and sterilize.

 The search showed the absence of similar solutions and allows us to conclude that the claimed design does not follow explicitly from the studied prior art, that is, it meets the criteria of "novelty" and "inventive step".

 The inventive device can be performed industrially and find wide application in medicine for biopsy of various organs, i.e. it meets the criterion of "industrial applicability".

 The essence of the claimed technical solution is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a device - the position before the start of the introduction of the needle element into the fabric, a longitudinal section; in FIG. 2 is a view along arrow A in FIG. 1, in FIG. 3 - the latch in isometry, in FIG. 4 - slider with a cross-shaped groove in isometry.

 The proposed device comprises a tubular body 1, in which a slider 2, made in the form of a sleeve, interconnected with a cannula 3, provided with a support flange 4 at the non-working end, a needle element 5 with a support flange 6 at the non-working end, a spring 7 installed between the support flanges, is coaxially placed cannulas 3 and needles 6, the retainer 8, made in the form of a L-shaped lever: its transverse shoulder is made in the form of a ring 9 coaxially to the housing 1 and is placed between the flange of the cannula 4 and the end face of the slider 2, the longitudinal shoulder 10 is made in the form of a bar with a protrusion in the tail howl and two opposite lateral protrusions 11; a cross-shaped groove 12 is made in the slider for mounting the longitudinal shoulder of the latch 10. In the housing 1, a longitudinal through groove 16 is made to accommodate the protrusion of the longitudinal shoulder of the latch 10. In the housing 1 are made: a longitudinal through groove 16 to accommodate the protrusion of the longitudinal shoulder of the latch 10 and bayonet groove 15 for interaction with the pin 14, mounted on the locking element 13, made in the form of a sleeve for fixing the latter on the housing 1.

 On the locking element 13 and the housing 1 are marked with longitudinal marks with arrows, when combined, a pin 14 located on the locking element 13 will be located opposite the input part of the bayonet groove 15 on the housing 1.

 The device is used as follows.

 Assemble the device. In the cruciform groove of the slider 2, establish the longitudinal shoulders of the retainer 10. The second shoulder, the ring 9, rests on the end face of the slider 2. This assembly is put on the cannula 3, through which the needle element is passed with the spring 7. All this is installed in the housing 1, aligning the longitudinal through groove 16 with a protrusion in the tail of the strap 10 of the latch 8. Put on the tubular body 1 a locking element (sleeve) 13. Align the longitudinal bags on the sleeve 13 and the housing 1. Fastening is carried out using a bayonet lock, pin 14 of which on the locking sleeve 13 ra commoners filar opposite the groove 15 in the lock body 1. The sleeve 13 is moved to the body 1 in the axial direction until its abutment with the front end of the slider 2 and the locking sleeve 13 is rotated in the direction of the arrow thereon as far as the stop. The cannula 3 with the slider 2 perform a longitudinal movement from the working position, freeing the tip of the needle element 5 for work. The needle is pressed by a spring 7 to the inner end of the housing 1. In this state, the needle element 5 is inserted into the patient’s body to the organ under investigation under ultrasound scanning. Previously, the skin of the examined patient at the injection site of the needle element 5 is cut.

 To take a biopsy, click on the protrusion of the latch 8. In this case, the cannula 3 at high speed enters the test tissue, cutting off its sharp edge.

 To remove the biopsy from the cannula, the manipulation described above is repeated to recess the cannula 3 in the housing 1 and release the tip of the needle element from it. The biopsy is squeezed out of the cannula.

Claims (2)

 1. A puncture biopsy device containing a tubular body, placed in it with the possibility of longitudinal movement of the cannula with a slider, a spring, a slide lock, a needle element, a locking element of the body, characterized in that the cannula and needle element at non-working ends are equipped with supporting flanges, between with which the spring is placed, the slide lock is made in the form of a L-shaped lever, the transverse shoulder of which is made in the form of a ring coaxial with the body and located between the cannula flange and the end face of the slide, and the longitudinal - in the form of a strap with a protrusion in the rear part and two opposite lateral protrusions, the slider made in the form of a sleeve with a cross-shaped groove for installing the longitudinal shoulder of the latch, the housing provided with a longitudinal through groove, and the locking element made in the form of a sleeve fixed on the housing.  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that longitudinal marks with arrows are applied to the locking element in the housing.

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