RU2129765C1 - Universal cultivator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering. SUBSTANCE: universal cultivator is designed for tillage in 2.5-3.0-3.5 - and 4-meter rows of field safeguarding forest strips by two methods: entering inter-row spacing and "saddling" of seedling rows. Proposed cultivator has two inverted U-shaped frames rigidly connected with carrying frame by means of plate fasteners. Front U-shaped frame is rigidly connected to hitch and to connecting panel. Moreover, cultivator has detachable mounting bars, front and rear ones, which are to be rigidly fastened in carrying frame housing for tillage of inter-row spacings by inter-row spacings entering method and are removed when tillage with "saddling" of seedling rows is to be carried out to provide free passage over seedlings of height up to 1.2 m. Hinged section are installed at both ends of carrying frame to provide changing of implement operating width depending on width of inter-row spacings in field safeguard forest strips. EFFECT: enhanced quality of tillage, increased labour capacity and reduced expenses for growing seedlings. 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to the field of protective afforestation.

 Known cultivator for loosening the soil and the destruction of weeds in the inter-spacing of forest stands KL-2.6 (see the catalog "Agricultural machinery". - M., 1982, part II, p. 566).

The main disadvantages of this cultivator:
1) does not provide a constant depth of loosening of the soil, which ranges from 4 to 12 cm;
2) does not completely destroy weeds, especially large and rooted ones.

 These deficiencies in the quality of soil treatment are explained by the fact that the working bodies - cultivating legs - are mounted on hinged and long leashes that do not provide them with stability, and the resulting vertical deviations depending on the variable soil density lead to large fluctuations in the depth of the paws; horizontal deviations of the working bodies of ± 5-10 cm lead to leaving up to 10-15% intact rooted weeds.

 In addition, the KL-2.6 cultivator can only work in row spacing of 3 m wide.

 The objective of the invention is to develop a universal cultivator, which is easy to set up for tillage in 2.5-3-3.5 and 4-meter row spacing, and also so that they can cultivate the soil by fitting rows into rows and saddling the rows with rigidly fixed workers organs along the width of the capture and the depth of loosening of the soil.

 The technical result of the invention is to improve the quality of tillage in the spacing of plantations and labor productivity, to reduce the cost of funds for growing forest plantations.

Appointment
The universal cultivator is designed for tillage by fitting rows between rows and “saddling” rows with seedlings up to 1.2 m high.

Device
In FIG. 1 shows a universal cultivator, rear view;
in FIG. 2 - he is a top view.

 A universal cultivator, characterized in that it includes a front U-shaped frame 1, rigidly connected to the towing device 2 and 14, and a rear U-shaped frame 6, rigidly connected to the supporting frame 9. Inside the front frame 1 has a connecting panel 3 for mounting the second tool is a cultivator or planter. In addition, between the vertical posts of the front U-shaped frame 1 there is an installation removable beam 4, and between the posts of the rear U-shaped frame 6 there is a rear removable installation beam 7 with plate mounts 5 and 8, which are firmly fixed in the rows between the rows of the soil the case of the supporting frame 9, and for operation by “saddling” the rows of seedlings they are removed, i.e. free passage of seedlings up to 1.2 m high is made, and at both ends of the supporting frame 9 hinged sections 11 are pivotally fixed using large loops 10.

 To increase the strength of the supporting frame 9 there are extensions 12 and 13. It is equipped with supporting elements in the form of wheels with a rigid rim.

The universality of the cultivator lies in the fact that its working width can vary depending on the actual row spacing:
1) with a row spacing of 2.5 m, the working grip is set at 2.2 m by lifting the folding sections 11;
2) with a row spacing of 3.0 m, a working grip is made of 2.6 m with the hinged sections 11 raised and two additional legs (on the drawing are indicated by a dotted line) on the supporting frame 9;
3) with a row spacing of 3.5 m, the working gripper is 3.2 m, while the hinged sections 11 are fixed to the working position, but without the extreme two paws;
4) with a row spacing of 4.0 m, a working gripper of 3.6 m is made by securing the hinged sections 11 in the working position and with a full set of cultivating paws.

Preparing the cultivator for work
Before starting work, they specify in which afforestation cultivation of the soil will be carried out, to what depth, in what way (inscribing or “saddling” the rows), what row spacing, determine the working width of the grapple, which should be established.

Before starting work, perform the following work:
1) wheel hub lubrication;
2) select the type of working bodies - cultivating paws, depending on the mechanical composition of soils and the type of forest conditions;
3) prepare a cultivator for continuous tillage in the row-spacing - inscribing and saddling the rows of seedlings and with which implement in the unit;
4) regulate the working width of the cultivator according to a given method of tillage;
5) establish the depth of loosening of the soil according to the generally accepted method: in the southern regions of 8 cm and northern 6 cm;
6) before starting work, check the reliability of bolt fasteners and swivel joints.

 After that, a universal cultivator is hung on a T-40 tractor (MTZ-82) according to a three-point scheme.

The principle of work with a cultivator
The tractor driver brings the implement to a given section of forest stands, puts the implement in the selected direction and starts a slow movement, moving the cultivator from the transport position to the working one. With a complete deepening of the working bodies, it gains a predetermined speed, at the end of the rut it resets the speed, transfers the unit from the working position to the transport one and makes a turn. So the work cycle repeats.

Claims (1)

 A universal cultivator, including a frame, support wheels and cultivating legs, characterized in that it is equipped with two U-shaped frames and two removable mounting rails with plate mounts, which during continuous processing of the soil are rigidly connected to the body of the supporting frame, and for work "saddle" rows of seedlings are removed, providing free passage to the seedlings, while at both ends of the supporting frame there are hinged sections pivotally connected to it with a loop, allowing you to set the working width of the gripper tivatora depending on the actual width of the spaces between rows in afforestation, and a method of soil cultivation.

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