RU2172576C1 - Digging out clip - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering, in particular, forestry and horticultural equipment. SUBSTANCE: clip has horizontal A-hoes, front device pivotally attached to A-hoes and equipped with device for regulating ripping angle within the range of 7-22 deg, screen, frame with outer and inner longitudinal bars, and adjustable-height vertical hoes fixed to inner longitudinal bars. Outer bars are provided with side tines. A-hoes are rigidly attached to lower part of side tines. Vertical hoes, side tines and A-hoes have cutting angle of 45 deg. EFFECT: simplified construction and improved digging parameters of planting material. 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of agricultural engineering, in particular to the forestry and horticulture industry.

 The well-known excavating hinged hook НВС-1,2 is intended for digging seedlings and seedlings of tree forest and fruit species, berry and ornamental shrubs. (Catalog of "Agricultural Technology", part II, pp. 570-571. Publishing House. USSR State Committee for the Production and Technical Support of Agriculture. M. 1982).

 Its main nodes: a frame with a hinged device, a working body and two support wheels.

 The working body is made in the form of a U-shaped bracket, consisting of a frontal horizontal share and two vertical knives. The ploughshare angle is adjustable from 10 to 25 degrees to obtain the greatest crumbling of the formation, depending on the condition of the soil. The depth of the bracket is adjustable by adjusting the support wheels in height.

 Digging bracket with tractors of the DT-75 type is aggregated. Recommended for all areas.

 The main disadvantage of the NVS-1,2 staple is that the frontally mounted share (at an angle of 90 degrees to the midline of the row) does not provide an even cut of the roots, resulting in cracking and peeling of the root bark, oblique sections and clippings of vertical and lateral roots.

 As a result, the quality of planting material is significantly reduced and there is a need to further process it by manual cutting or pruning of damaged roots, which requires a sufficient amount of labor, working time and money.

 For example: for the normal operation of a forest planting unit of 3-4 machines, two workers provide high-quality preparation (cutting or pruning of damaged roots) of planting material.

 The objective of the invention is to develop a new bracket for high-quality digging of planting material - seedlings and seedlings of tree and shrub forest and fruit species.

 The technical result of the invention is to improve the quality of excavation of planting material.

 Destination.

 Bracket for digging one-two-year-old seedlings and seedlings of tree and shrub forest and fruit species, providing an even cut at the vertical and lateral roots and quite good loosening of the soil layer.

 Device.

 FIG. 1 - a bracket is shown, side view.

 FIG. 2 - a bracket is shown, a top view.

 The digging bracket consists of a frame 1 with a towing device 2 for aggregation with tractors of the DT-75 and MTZ-82 type (Figs. 1 and 2), in the front of which are installed height-adjustable front support wheels 3, and in the rear part, rear support wheels 4, with their help regulate the cutting depth by 14 - 18 - 22 - 26 - 30 cm with horizontal lancet knives 5 with a cutting angle of 45 degrees, which ensures an even cut of vertical roots.

 On the outer longitudinal bars 6 of the frame 1 there are load-bearing side racks 7, which are deepened to the depth of the horizontal knives 5, the knives 5 being rigidly attached to the bottom of the racks 7, and on the inner bars, vertical knives 9, adjustable in width, are staggered in the mounting brackets 8 and the height of the frame, and to a depth of 8-10 and 12 cm.

 Side racks 7 and vertical knives 9, equipped with cutting edges with a cutting angle of 45 degrees, are designed to trim the roots at a distance of 6-8 cm from the stem of seedlings, which provide a qualitatively even cut at the side roots.

 Movable chest 10 is pivotally attached to horizontal knives 5, equipped with a device 11 for changing the loosening angle in the range from 7 to 22 degrees, depending on the mechanical condition of the soil, it is less on the lungs, more on the heavy ones.

 Then, the raised and loosened layer enters the loosening sieve 12, where the root system of the seedlings is quite easily freed from excess soil.

 Preparation of a digging bracket for work.

 Before starting to prepare the bracket for work, the master of the forest nursery and the tractor driver inspect the seedlings and seedlings to determine the depth of the lateral roots and the depth of the skeletal vertical roots in order to establish the depth of the vertical knives 9 and horizontal lancet knives 5.

 When digging two-year-old seedlings, the depth of cutting of the lateral roots with vertical knives should be within 8-10 cm, and when digging seedlings it will be within 10-12 cm, not more.

 The depth of the horizontal lancet knives 5 when digging seedlings can be within 14-18 cm, and when digging seedlings from 22 to 30 cm. When working on loamy soils, the loosening angle of the moving chest of 10 horizontal knives 5 is set within 7-12 degrees, and on clay soils from 12 to 22 degrees.

 At the same time, the permissible distance (protective zone) from the stem of the seedling to the vertical knife 9 is determined, which should be at least 6-7 cm, and when digging forest seedlings, this distance is within 7-8 cm and from 8 to 12 cm for fruit seedlings rocks.

 Then, the support wheels 3 and 4 are lubricated, the bolts are tightened, and the fasteners are checked for reliability. After that, the bracket is hung on the MTZ-82 tractor when digging seedlings and on the DT-75 tractor - when digging seedlings.

 Principle of operation.

 The tractor driver brings the unit to the designated beds of seedlings or seedlings, puts the unit in the direction of the rows and begins to move slowly, moving the digging bracket from the transport position to the working position, picks up the set speed - when digging seedlings with the MTZ-82 tractor, it ranges from 2.5 up to 4.2 km / h, and when digging seedlings with a tractor DT-75 - from 2.7 to 5 km / h, while the frame of the digging bracket must be in a horizontal position.

 At the end of the rut (tape), the tractor driver drops the speed to the minimum and transfers the digging bracket from the worker to the transport position, and makes a U-turn and check-in on another tape. So the work cycle repeats.

Claims (1)

A bracket for digging planting material in forest and fruit nurseries, including a frame, a tow hitch, supporting elements and vertical knives, characterized in that the bracket has horizontal lancet knives to which the chest is pivotally mounted with a device for changing the loosening angle within 7 - 22 ^o and sieve, frame - external and internal longitudinal bars, and vertical knives adjustable in height and width of the frame are installed on the internal longitudinal bars, and the external bars of the frame are equipped with side racks, to the lower part and which are rigidly fixed lancet knives, and vertical knives, side racks and lancet knives have a cutting angle of 45 ^o .

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