RU2125124C1 - Device for combustion of aluminum electrolyzer gases - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: nonferrous metallurgy, in particular, production of aluminum by electrolytic method. SUBSTANCE: device has combustion chamber in the form of overturned sleeve whose side surface upper part has outlet pipe and regulator of air suction in the form of clapper. The latter is located in body, its plate is rigidly connected to hinges for suspending from pyramids secured to body walls. Inlet pipe for gases is installed telescopically with annular gap into lower part of combustion chamber. EFFECT: higher efficiency of combustion of gases of aluminum electrolyzer. 4 cl, 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to non-ferrous metallurgy, in particular to devices for burning anode gases of electrolytic aluminum production.

 A device for burning the anode gases of an aluminum electrolyzer, including a cylindrical combustion chamber with tapering upward cracks and a gas collector that is adjacent to the combustion chamber (USSR author's certificate N 378526, class C 22 D 3/02, 3/12, B.I. N 19 , 1973).

 When using this device, the burning of anode gases is not efficient enough due to unregulated amount of air sucked in through the slots and the lack of heating. In addition, in this device, during technological operations for servicing the electrolyzer, it is possible to stop burning, and therefore, re-ignition of the burner device is necessary.

 The closest in technical essence to the claimed is a device containing a housing of the combustion chamber, telescopically mounted with an annular gap on the gas supply pipe of the gas collection bell, air intake regulator and outlet pipe (RF patent N 2080421, class C 25 C 3/22, 1995, B.I. N 15, 1997).

 Thanks to the telescopic connection of the combustion chamber and the anode gas supply pipe, the atmospheric air drawn into the chamber is heated. At the same time, the combustion temperature and the completeness of burning of resinous substances and carbon dioxide increase. An adjusting washer installed in the upper part of the combustion chamber allows you to adjust the amount of air drawn into the burner.

 However, the clearance between the adjusting washer and the upper detachable part of the burner is carried out periodically, manually, which cannot be continuously adequate to the change in vacuum in the gas suction network and, accordingly, reduces the efficiency of gas combustion.

 In addition, the gap between the upper part of the combustion chamber and the horizontal plane of the regulating washer suction may become clogged with ash and dust.

 The disadvantage is the shift of the high temperature zone to the exit of the burner device, as a result of which the combustion of the gas-air mixture can continue in the gas duct. At the same time, the service life of the gas exhaust system is reduced, it is possible to melt aluminum gaskets of electrical insulation gaps.

 The objective of the invention is to provide a device to improve the efficiency of burning anode gases of an aluminum electrolysis cell and combustion stability.

 To achieve this goal in the inventive device for burning gases of an aluminum electrolyzer containing a combustion chamber with an outlet pipe and an air intake regulator and a gas supply pipe telescopically entering its lower part with an annular gap, the combustion chamber is made in the form of an inverted glass. The outlet pipe is located on the side surface of the combustion chamber. The air suction regulator is made in the form of a plate flasher valve, also located on the side surface of the chamber, in its upper part. The flasher valve is located in the body, its plate is rigidly attached to the hinges for hanging on the pyramids mounted on the walls of the body. The top of the combustion chamber can be made with a bevel. The gas supply pipe is rigidly attached to the bottom of the combustion chamber.

 Common features of the proposed device and prototype is the presence of a combustion chamber with an outlet pipe and an air suction regulator, as well as a supply pipe that comes telescopically into its lower part with an annular gap.

 The difference is that the combustion chamber is made in the form of an inverted cup, the outlet pipe is located on its side surface, and the air intake regulator is in the form of a plate flasher valve located also on the side surface of the combustion chamber in its upper part.

 The increase in the efficiency of combustion of anode gases is due to the design of the air suction regulator, which, unlike the prototype, provides continuous control of the suction of air entering the combustion chamber. Air suction is controlled by changing the position of the valve plate due to a change in vacuum in the gas suction network. Continuous regulation of air suction ensures high temperature and stability of combustion of the anode gas.

 The burnup efficiency of the combustible components of the anode gas is also increased due to the design of the combustion chamber, made in the form of an inverted glass, and the removal of flue gases through the exhaust pipe mounted on its side surface.

 Large resinous particles with high inertia, when the flue gases turn into the outlet pipe, hit the bottom of the glass, fall out of the stream and are re-burned.

 Rigid attachment of the gas supply pipe to the bottom of the combustion chamber facilitates the installation of the device on the electrolyzer in electromagnetic fields.

 The drawing shows a device in section.

 A device for burning gases of an aluminum electrolyzer contains a combustion chamber 1. On its side surface, an outlet pipe 2 and a plate flasher for regulating air intake are rigidly mounted, including a housing 3 connected by a flange 4 to the combustion chamber, a valve plate 5, rigidly attached to the loops 6 freely mounted on the pyramids 7, mounted on the walls of the housing 3.

 Entering telescopically into the lower part of the combustion chamber with an annular gap inlet pipe 8 is rigidly attached to it.

 The device operates as follows. If there is a vacuum in the flue system created by the smoke exhaust, the anode gases from the tide of the corner section of the gas collector through the inlet pipe 8 enter the combustion chamber 1. Through the annular gap, air is drawn into the chamber heated from the walls of the inlet pipe and the combustion chamber. The end of the inlet pipe entering the combustion chamber is heated and, thanks to the heat storage capacity, stabilizes the combustion process.

 Flue gases generated from the combustion of the gas-air mixture, through the outlet pipe 2 are removed into the gas exhaust system. Large resinous particles with high inertia, when the flue gases turn into the outlet pipe, hit the “cover” of chamber 1, fall out of the stream and are re-burned.

 The amount of intake air is regulated by changing the position of the plate 5 of the emergency valve. With increasing vacuum in the network, the plate 5 of the emergency valve deviates towards the combustion chamber 1, opening an opening for suction of air into its upper part. Due to this, the gas-air ratio is maintained in the lower part of the combustion chamber, which ensures high temperature and combustion stability.

The device for burning gases was tested at the Krasnoyarsk aluminum plant in an electrolyzer with an overhead current supply for a current of 156 kA (type S-8BM). Tests have shown high stability and reliability of the burner. The temperature inside the combustion chamber reached 900 - 1000 ^o C. Using the inventive device in comparison with the prototype provides a more complete reduction of the anode gas.

Claims (4)

 1. A device for burning gases of an aluminum electrolyzer, containing a combustion chamber with an outlet pipe and an air suction regulator and telescopically entering the gas supply nozzle telescopically entering its lower part with an annular gap, characterized in that the chamber is made in an inverted glass and the air suction regulator is in in the form of a plate flasher valve, while the outlet pipe and flasher valve are located on the side surface of the chamber in its upper part.  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the top of the combustion chamber is made with a bevel.  3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the plate flasher valve is placed in the body, its plate has loops for hanging on the pyramids attached to the walls of the body.  4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas supply pipe is rigidly attached to the bottom of the combustion chamber.