RU2122808C1 - Cattle feeding method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: animal farming. SUBSTANCE: method involves introducing feed additive, such as peat hydrolysis product, into main ration in an amount of 0.1-0.2 g/kg, with product containing at least 6 wt.-% of organic part, at least 6 wt. -% of mineral part and water, the balance. Method allows live weight gain to be increased and feed consumption to be reduced during feeding of young animals, and milk yield of lactating cows to be increased. Moreover, animal fed by such method are prone to higher liveliness due to activated immunobiological mechanisms. EFFECT: increased efficiency in growth promotion and increased productivity. 7 tbl, 2 ex

Description

 The invention relates to the field of veterinary medicine and animal husbandry, namely to feeding animals, and can be used to stimulate growth and increase the productivity of cattle.

 Productivity and disease resistance in animals are determined by the content of minerals, vitamins and other biologically active substances in the diets. Minerals play an important role in digestion, increase the activity of microorganisms that break down fiber, neutralize the body from metabolic products, maintain acid-base balance in them, and participate in biochemical processes that affect the genetic potential of animals. With a lack or imbalance of mineral substances in the body, a complex process arises, the result of which is a set of adaptations that adversely affect all the links in the regulation of its life. As a result, young growth lags behind in growth and development, in adult animals productivity and reproductive ability are reduced, various diseases appear, which causes considerable economic damage.

 Plant foods are low in sodium, and a deficiency of phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, and sulfur is almost universally observed. In addition, the digestibility of micro and macro elements from the main feed is low, this increases the need for animals in them. The decline in feed quality under adverse conditions of their procurement and storage exacerbates the deficit of mineral substances. Therefore, the organization of complete feeding is impossible without the use of mineral fertilizing.

 Known methods for feeding cattle with the inclusion in the main diet (RR) as a feed additive of limestone, calcareous tuff, dolomite limestone, chalk, wood ash, charcoal, etc. [1].

 The closest technical solutions selected as a prototype are a feeding method with replacing up to 30% of OR with peat treated previously with steam at elevated pressure [2] or a feeding method using Otitorf as a protein substitute [3].

 The objective of the invention is to develop an effective method for feeding cattle, which allows the use of natural environmentally friendly feed additive, which is a product of hydrolysis of peat with an organic content of ≥ 6%, mineral part ≤ 6%, and the rest of the water. The use of this feed supplement increases the growth rate and productivity and activates immunobiological parameters. This is a new technical result, which is in a causal relationship with the essential features. The essential features of the invention coincide with the distinctive, as a feed additive use the product of peat hydrolysis with an organic content of ≥ 6%, mineral part ≤ 6%, the rest of the water, in an amount of 0.1-0.2 g / kg of live weight of the animal.

The product of peat hydrolysis is a thick dark brown liquid with a density of 1.01 g / cm ³ , pH 10-13, with a specific odor. It is well dissolved in water. Composition,%: organic part ≥ 6.0; mineral part ≤ 6.0; water the rest.

 The organic part includes,% (in the liquid phase): humic acids 3.8; non-volatile carboxylic acids 1-2; amino acids 0.2-0.25; pectins 1.0-1.5; monosaccharides 3,5; mineral part is presented,% (in the liquid phase): total nitrogen 0.45; phosphorus 1.0; potassium 0.12; (mg / l) manganese 30.2; boron 13.65; zinc 2.53; copper 0.6.

 The method is as follows.

 Young cattle for fattening in wet food are introduced a feed additive in a dose of 0.1 g / kg of animal weight with short-term use 3 times a day for 3-5 days, with long-term use - 1 time per day for 10 days at intervals at 10 days, for lactating cows - a dose of 0.2 g / kg of animal weight twice a day, every decade with an interval of 10 days.

 The feasibility of the method is confirmed by examples.

 Example 1

 The effect of prolonged use of the feed additive of the peat hydrolysis product on productivity was studied in a scientific and production experiment on 2 fattening bulls. According to the principle of analogues, 2 groups were selected: 1 group - experimental, 1 group - control. In addition to the OR with a warm solution of powdered milk, the animals of the experimental group are fed a feed additive in a dose of 0.1 g / kg of the animal’s weight once a day every 10 days with an interval of 10 days for 6 months. The animals did not administer the supplement. During the experiment, the calves received the same diet. The results of the experiment are presented in table. 12.

 The data given in table. 1, indicate a high biological activity of the feed additive. So, the costs per unit of production in the experimental group are reduced by 10-12%, and the gain is increased by 11-15% compared with the control. Animals of the experimental group are more mobile, active with shiny smooth hair.

 As can be seen from the table. 2, the total tasting score of the broth and meat of animals of the experimental group exceeds that of the control group by one point. The meat of the gobies of the experimental group is chewed without noticeable effort; the remainder is homogeneous, moderate, there is a feeling of juiciness, specific aroma and taste. The meat of the gobies of the control group is somewhat dry, the feeling of "freshness", the aroma is almost absent. The broth from experimental animals is fragrant, with a pronounced meat taste, large, thin asterisks of fat amber color. Bouillon from control gobies with a less pronounced taste and aroma, the meat taste is less pronounced, the color is light straw, the opalescent broth.

 In the table. 3 shows data characterizing the influence of the feeding method on hematological and biochemical parameters of blood.

 As can be seen from the table. 3, the proposed method of feeding activates immunobiological mechanisms, which is especially important for a developing organism.

 Example 2

 The influence of the feeding method on milk productivity was studied in a scientific and production experiment on lactating cows of the first lactation of black-motley breed. Two groups of animals were formed - group 1 - experience, group 2 - control. In addition to OR, animals were fed a feed supplement at a dose of 0.2 mg / kg body weight 1 time per day for 3 months. Animals of the control group received no supplement. All cows were under constant clinical supervision. The research results are presented in table. 4, 5, 6, 7.

 As can be seen from the table. 6 and 7, the proposed method of feeding favorably affects milk productivity and milk quality. So, over the decade, the milk yield in the experimental group increased by 10.6% compared with the control with an improved mineral composition of milk.

 Studies have experimentally confirmed that the proposed method provides an increase in gain in live weight and lower feed costs during fattening of young animals and increased milk yield when feeding lactating cows, animals are more active and mobile.

Sources of information
1. Handbook for feeding agricultural animals. M .: Rosselkhozizdat. 1983, p. 69-70.

 2. A.S. N 810194, A 23 K 1/00.

 3. A.S. N 655379, A 23 K 1/22.

Claims (1)

A method for feeding cattle, comprising a peat-based feed additive in the main diet, characterized in that the peat hydrolysis product containing, wt.%: Is used as a feed additive.
Solids - 6.0
Mineral part - 6.0
Water - Else
and introduce it into the diet at a dose of 0.1-0.2 g / kg live weight.

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