RU2109223C1 - Heating boiler - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating of individual houses and domestic water. SUBSTANCE: heating boiler has three horizontal partition walls 10,11 and 12 providing labyrinth flow of flue gas, heating device 3 from which flue gas flows around surfaces of heat-exchanger 2 and partition walls 10,11 and 12, along gas conduits 13,14 and 15 and is discharged from heating boiler through common gas conduit 16. High-temperature tract is lengthened by labyrinth flow of flue gas to improve heat extraction and facilitate effective utilization of combustion gas heat. Heating boiler is further provided with at least one electric heater disposed in heat-exchanger 2. EFFECT: increased efficiency, simplified construction and enhanced reliability in operation. 2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to heat engineering and can be used for heating individual houses, as well as for heating water for domestic needs.

 Known stove-boiler containing a steam water tube boiler, water heaters, flues in communication with the chimney. In the chimney channels for regulating the draft, rotary dampers are installed, and uniform heating is ensured by the installation of partitions directing the flue gases. The boiler operates independently of the stove; the firebox is robust with respect to the stove [1].

 A disadvantage of the known device is the design complexity, which reduces the reliability of the device.

 Known heating boiler, selected as the closest analogue, including a heat exchanger, the inner walls of which form a chamber with a furnace device placed in it, and a coil water heater for domestic use, installed in the upper capacity of the heat exchanger [2].

 The design of this boiler eliminates the disadvantage inherent in the analogue. The boiler is simpler in design.

 In the known device, the heat exchanger is located relative to the furnace device so that the inner walls of the heat exchanger and the outer surface of the furnace device form gas ducts, the water in the heat exchanger is heated by the heat radiated by the side walls of the furnace device and the convective heat of the combustion products.

 A significant disadvantage of the known device is that the heating boiler has an underdeveloped gas duct, and the heat exchanger has an underdeveloped heating surface. This does not allow the efficient use of the heat of the combustion products of the fuel and thereby increase the boiler efficiency. Domestic water is heated in a coil heater immersed in hot water of the upper capacity of the heat exchanger, which complicates the design of the heating boiler. In addition, special equipment is required to make the heater coil itself.

 The problem solved by the invention is to create such a heating boiler for heating individual houses and heating water for domestic use, which would have a heat exchanger with developed heating surfaces, an elongated high-temperature smoke path and a fairly simple design. This would improve the efficiency and reliability of the heating boiler. Moreover, the design of the heating boiler should be such that it would not require special technologies and devices for manufacturing. This would make it possible to make a boiler in the conditions of a small enterprise and would provide hot heating and hot water supply for household needs of individual consumers with, for example, stove heating.

 The problem is solved in that in a known heating boiler containing a housing, the front, rear and side walls of which are formed with a combustion device installed in it, a sectional heat exchanger connected to the distributing and collecting manifolds, with a water tank for domestic use, connected at the outlet of according to the invention, additionally comprises at least three horizontally arranged gas ducts, providing gas flues at the outlet of the housing, allowing labyrinth movement of the flue gases partitions placed in the casing, two of which are installed with the possibility of blocking the passage of flue gases to the front and side walls of the casing, and the third, located between them, with the possibility of blocking the passage of flue gases to the rear and side walls, the exit from the casing connecting the flues is in its upper part, and the number of flues in it is at least three.

 In addition, it further comprises at least one heating element located in the heat exchanger.

 The presence of additional partitions allows for the labyrinth movement of the flue gases. The flue gases from the firing device, sequentially washing the surfaces of the heat exchanger and the partitions, are discharged from the boiler through a common flue. In this case, water is heated in the heat exchanger and the tank. It should be noted that fuel is consumed rationally and economically.

 In addition, the presence of horizontal rigidly fortified partitions gives additional rigidity and strength to the boiler.

 The presence of at least one heating element allows you to maintain a certain water temperature in the heat exchanger in case of switching off the furnace device for a while (up to two days). In the manufacture of a heating boiler of this design, it is not necessary to use special technologies and devices. Manufacturing can be done by a small business.

 The proposed technical solution has a "novelty", as it is characterized by the presence of distinctive features from the prototype.

 To clarify the conformity of the proposed solution to the criterion of "inventive step", patent information studies were carried out and solutions containing the above distinguishing features were identified. Identified solutions do not provide the task, and the proposed technical solution does not follow explicitly from the prior art. Thus, it has an inventive step.

 In FIG. 1 schematically shows the proposed heating boiler, side view; in FIG. 2 - the proposed heating boiler, front view, the front wall is conditionally absent; in FIG. 3 - axonometric image of a heating boiler, the housing wall of which is conditionally absent.

 The proposed heating boiler consists of a housing 1, a heat exchanger 2, a furnace 3, a tank 4 with water for domestic use. The heat exchanger 2 consists of a section 5 and vertical pipes 6, 7 connected to it, which are interconnected by water-cooled jumpers 8, 9. Section 5 is connected to the vertical pipes 6, 7 so that their internal cavities form a closed water space. Uniform heating of the heat exchanger 2 is provided by horizontally mounted partitions 10, 11, 12, which direct fuel gases and provide their labyrinth movement. The front 24, rear 25 and side 26 walls of the housing 1 are formed with a combustion device 3 installed in it, a sectional heat exchanger 2 and a capacity of 4 with water for domestic use, the flues 13, 14, 15. The flue gases pass through the flues 13, 14, 15 and are removed from the boiler through a common gas duct 16.

 The heat exchanger 2 is connected by pipes 17, 18 to the distributing and collecting manifolds. The furnace device 3 is equipped with a loading door 19, an ash pan 20, and a removable grate 21. In the heat exchanger 2, heaters 22, 23 are mounted.

 The heating boiler operates as follows.

 The tank 4, the heat exchanger 2, the heating system are filled with water, and fuel is ignited in the combustion device 3. The boiler can operate on various types of fuel (solid, liquid, gaseous). In case of switching off the combustion device 3, it is possible to maintain a certain water temperature in the heat exchanger 2 by using heating elements 22, 23. The heat released during the combustion of the fuel is transferred by convection and radiation to the surfaces of the heat exchanger 2 and partitions 10, 11, 12, heated combustion products, rising under the partition 12, change the direction of movement, pass through the flues 13, 14, 15 and are removed from the boiler through a common duct 16. Since the direct passage of high-temperature combustion products into the duct 16 is blocked by partitions 10, 11, 12, fuel g PS move through the maze, and therefore increases the high-temperature Flue gas path. This embodiment of the heat exchanger 2 and the placement of the partitions 10, 11, 12 improves the heat removal and allows the efficient use of the heat of the combustion products and, thereby, increase the efficiency of the heating boiler.

 The heating boiler is manufactured under the conditions of a small enterprise, without the use of special technologies and devices. The boiler has been tested on various types of fuel (firewood, diesel fuel, gas). The water in the heat exchanger began to boil thirty minutes after the start of operation of the boiler. The boiler can be made of stainless steel, cast iron or placed in a housing made of bricks and covered with galvanized iron.

Claims (2)

 1. A heating boiler containing a housing, the front, rear and side walls of which are formed with a combustion device installed in it, a sectional heat exchanger connected to distributing and collecting manifolds, household water pipes connected to the outlet of the housing from the ducts, providing the possibility of labyrinth movement flue gases, characterized in that it further comprises at least three horizontally located in the body of the partition, two of which are installed with the possibility of overlapping flue gas passage to the front and side walls of the casing, and the third, located between them, with the possibility of blocking the passage of flue gases to the rear and side walls, the exit from the casing connecting the flues is located in its upper part, and the number of flues in it is at least three.  2. The boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises at least one heating element located in the heat exchanger.

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