RU2197565C1 - Process of electrolytic refining of bismuth lead - Google Patents
Process of electrolytic refining of bismuth lead Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- RU2197565C1 RU2197565C1 RU2001121225A RU2001121225A RU2197565C1 RU 2197565 C1 RU2197565 C1 RU 2197565C1 RU 2001121225 A RU2001121225 A RU 2001121225A RU 2001121225 A RU2001121225 A RU 2001121225A RU 2197565 C1 RU2197565 C1 RU 2197565C1
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- RU
- Russia
- Prior art keywords
- lead
- anodes
- bismuth
- anode
- refining
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- UDRRLPGVCZOTQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth lead Chemical compound [Pb].[Bi] UDRRLPGVCZOTQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003292 diminished effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229940104869 fluorosilicate Drugs 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052716 thallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thallium Chemical compound [Tl] BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Изобретение относится к электролитическому рафинированию металла и может быть использовано для очистки свинца от висмута. The invention relates to electrolytic refining of metal and can be used to clean lead from bismuth.
Известен способ пирометаллургического рафинирования свинца с целью получения свинца, содержащего 99,999% основного металла (см. А.С. СССР 299559, МПК7 С 23 В 13/06, опубл. 22.06.70 г.).A known method of pyrometallurgical refining of lead in order to obtain lead containing 99.999% of the base metal (see AS USSR 299559, IPC 7 23 V 13/06, publ. 06.22.70).
Недостатком такого способа является невысокая степень чистоты полученного свинца по висмуту и таллию. The disadvantage of this method is the low degree of purity of the obtained lead in bismuth and thallium.
Наиболее близким к заявленному техническому решению является способ электролитического рафинирования висмутистого свинца, включающий электролиз в кислом кремнефтористом растворе (см. А.С. СССР 1507873, МПК 7 С 25 С 1/18, опубл. 15.09.89 г.).Closest to the claimed technical solution is a method of electrolytic refining of bismuthous lead, including electrolysis in an acidic silicofluoride solution (see AS USSR 1507873, IPC 7 C 25
Недостатком способа является недостаточная степень очистки свинца от трудно отделяемых металлов (Sb и Bi). The disadvantage of this method is the insufficient degree of purification of lead from difficult to separate metals (Sb and Bi).
Задачей технического решения является создание способа электролитического рафинирования свинца с высокой степенью очистки от висмута. The objective of the technical solution is to create a method of electrolytic refining of lead with a high degree of purification from bismuth.
Технический результат заключается в увеличении выработки анодов, уменьшении толщины слоя анодного шлама и исключении загрязнения катодного осадка электрохимическим и механическим путем. The technical result consists in increasing the production of anodes, reducing the thickness of the layer of anode sludge and eliminating contamination of the cathode deposit by electrochemical and mechanical means.
Этот технический результат достигается тем, что в известном способе электролитического рафинирования висмутистого свинца, включающем электролиз в кислом кремнефтористом растворе, согласно изобретению, электролиз осуществляют поочередной заменой анодов каждые 24-48 ч. This technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known method of electrolytic refining of bismuth lead, including electrolysis in an acidic silicofluoride solution, according to the invention, the electrolysis is carried out by alternately replacing the anodes every 24-48 hours
Данный способ позволит повысить степень очистки свинца от висмута, увеличить выработку анодов, уменьшить толщину слоя анодного шлама и исключить загрязнения катодного осадка электрохимическим и механическим путем. This method will increase the degree of purification of lead from bismuth, increase the production of anodes, reduce the thickness of the layer of anode sludge and eliminate contamination of the cathode deposit by electrochemical and mechanical means.
При замене анодов ранее 24 ч не происходит достаточной выработки анодов и загрязнение свинца висмутом, а при замене анодов свыше 48 ч происходит загрязнение анодного осадка из-за увеличения падения напряжения в слое шлама. When replacing anodes earlier than 24 hours, anode production is not enough and lead is contaminated with bismuth, and when replacing anodes over 48 hours, anode deposit is contaminated due to an increase in voltage drop in the sludge layer.
Сущность изобретения поясняется примером. The invention is illustrated by example.
Пример: электролитическому рафинированию подвергали аноды, содержащие 90,6% Pb и 9,2-9,4% Bi в электролите, содержащем:
Н2SiF6 - 100,64 г/л;
PbSiF6 - 69,85 г/л;
Желатин - 400 - 600 г/т.Example: anodes containing 90.6% Pb and 9.2-9.4% Bi in an electrolyte containing:
H 2 SiF 6 - 100.64 g / l;
PbSiF 6 - 69.85 g / l;
Gelatin - 400 - 600 g / t.
Температура электролита - 20oС.The temperature of the electrolyte is 20 o C.
Плотность тока - 170 А/м2.The current density is 170 A / m 2 .
Электролиз проводили в ванне из органического стекла, куда помещали три анода и четыре катода из свинцовой фольги. Перемешивание электролита осуществляли двумя аэролифтами; питание тока проводили от селенового выпрямителя, дающего при напряжении 6 В ток до 12 А. Падение напряжения в слое анодного шлама измеряли ламповым вольтметром с большим входным сопротивлением. Каждый анод экранировали, проводами поочередно присоединяли к вольтметру совместно с полуэлементом, что давало возможность следить за падением напряжения в слое шлама с двух сторон на всех анодах. The electrolysis was carried out in an organic glass bath, where three anodes and four lead foil cathodes were placed. Mixing of the electrolyte was carried out by two air lifts; the current was supplied from a selenium rectifier, giving a current of up to 12 A at a voltage of 6 V. The voltage drop in the anode sludge layer was measured with a lamp voltmeter with a large input resistance. Each anode was shielded, wires were alternately connected to the voltmeter together with a half cell, which made it possible to monitor the voltage drop in the slurry layer from two sides on all anodes.
В работе фиксировали:
- общую силу тока на ванне;
- величину силы тока в цепях всех анодов;
- время работы каждого анода;
- продолжительность процесса электролиза в целом;
- температуру электролита.In the work recorded:
- the total current in the bath;
- the magnitude of the current in the circuits of all anodes;
- the operating time of each anode;
- the duration of the electrolysis process as a whole;
- electrolyte temperature.
В начале процесса электролиза все аноды были помещены в ванну одновременно и образование шлама на поверхности анодов шло приблизительно одинаковыми скоростями:
4,2 А - в цепи первого анода;
3,8 А - в цепи второго анода;
4,4 А - в цепи третьего анода.At the beginning of the electrolysis process, all anodes were placed in the bath at the same time and the formation of sludge on the surface of the anodes proceeded at approximately the same speeds:
4.2 A - in the circuit of the first anode;
3.8 A - in the circuit of the second anode;
4.4 A - in the circuit of the third anode.
Через 72 ч работы, когда падение напряжения в слое шлама первого анода достигло 125 мВ, заменив на новый анод (третий), получили следующее распределение токов в цепях анодов:
3,8 А - в цепи первого анода;
3,5 А - в цепи второго анода;
5,1 А - в цепи третьего анода.After 72 hours of operation, when the voltage drop in the slurry layer of the first anode reached 125 mV, replacing it with a new anode (third), we obtained the following current distribution in the circuits of the anodes:
3.8 A - in the circuit of the first anode;
3.5 A - in the circuit of the second anode;
5.1 A - in the circuit of the third anode.
Обобщенные результаты приведены в таблице. The generalized results are shown in the table.
Использование данного изобретения по сравнению с прототипом позволит получить 100% катодный осадок из-за отсутствия загрязнения его электрохимическим и механическим путем, а также увеличить выработку анодов до 80%. The use of this invention in comparison with the prototype will allow to obtain a 100% cathode deposit due to the absence of contamination by electrochemical and mechanical means, as well as increase the production of anodes up to 80%.
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Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| RU2001121225A RU2197565C1 (en) | 2001-07-27 | 2001-07-27 | Process of electrolytic refining of bismuth lead |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| RU2001121225A RU2197565C1 (en) | 2001-07-27 | 2001-07-27 | Process of electrolytic refining of bismuth lead |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| RU2197565C1 true RU2197565C1 (en) | 2003-01-27 |
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| RU2001121225A RU2197565C1 (en) | 2001-07-27 | 2001-07-27 | Process of electrolytic refining of bismuth lead |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100545318C (en) * | 2005-11-01 | 2009-09-30 | 株洲冶炼集团有限责任公司 | A kind of electrolysis process of high Bi crude aluminum |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3960681A (en) * | 1974-02-21 | 1976-06-01 | Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co., Ltd. | Method for producing electrolytic high purity lead using large-sized electrodes |
| GB2018289A (en) * | 1978-04-06 | 1979-10-17 | Cominco Ltd | Electrofining of lead |
| US4416746A (en) * | 1981-02-12 | 1983-11-22 | Cominco Ltd. | Bipolar refining of lead |
| SU1507873A1 (en) * | 1987-12-24 | 1989-09-15 | Казахский Химико-Технологический Институт | Method of electrolytic refining of bismuth-containing lead |
| RU2049158C1 (en) * | 1992-08-14 | 1995-11-27 | Институт химии Дальневосточного отделения РАН | Method for separation of bismuth from lead |
-
2001
- 2001-07-27 RU RU2001121225A patent/RU2197565C1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3960681A (en) * | 1974-02-21 | 1976-06-01 | Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co., Ltd. | Method for producing electrolytic high purity lead using large-sized electrodes |
| GB2018289A (en) * | 1978-04-06 | 1979-10-17 | Cominco Ltd | Electrofining of lead |
| US4416746A (en) * | 1981-02-12 | 1983-11-22 | Cominco Ltd. | Bipolar refining of lead |
| SU1507873A1 (en) * | 1987-12-24 | 1989-09-15 | Казахский Химико-Технологический Институт | Method of electrolytic refining of bismuth-containing lead |
| RU2049158C1 (en) * | 1992-08-14 | 1995-11-27 | Институт химии Дальневосточного отделения РАН | Method for separation of bismuth from lead |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100545318C (en) * | 2005-11-01 | 2009-09-30 | 株洲冶炼集团有限责任公司 | A kind of electrolysis process of high Bi crude aluminum |
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Effective date: 20030728 |