RU2195101C2 - Working tool for seeding machine using oscillating spreader - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering. SUBSTANCE: working tool has A-hoe, hollow tine serving as seed guide, and covering roll. Spreader is made in the form of toothed comb and is positioned under furrow cutting A-hoe to oscillate in horizontal plane similar to pendulum due to connection thereof with covering roll and availability of spiral return spring. EFFECT: increased efficiency by uniform seed distribution over the entire tilled area of field. 4 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular for sowing seeds of grain, vegetable crops and for subsoil spreading of granular fat (fertilizers).

 There are many options for openers for intrasoil spread sowing, made in the form of a lancet paw and equipped with passive diffusers of various shapes, in particular, the coulter described in the article by A. A. Nogtikov, "Opener for intrasoil spread sowing" ("Agriculture" journal 4, 1998, p. . 31).

 A common disadvantage of such coulters is the limited spreading bandwidth. In areas with uneven terrain, the seeds are shifted towards the slope and their uniform distribution is violated. The coulters equipped with active diffusers are to some extent devoid of these drawbacks (see AS 352623, A 01 C 7/20, AS 363446, A 01 C 7/20, AS 1683529, A 01 C 7/20).

 The closest analogue of the proposed device is the working body of the sowing machine, containing a hollow stand with a furrow-forming paw, seed tube, packer roller and leash (SU 619137 A, 07/10/1978).

 A disadvantage of the known device is the uneven distribution of seeds in the strip and the possibility of disruption of the technological process of seed distribution.

 The aim of the invention is to remedy these disadvantages.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in a working body containing a hollow strut with a furrow-forming paw, the seed tube, a cathode and a leash, the diffuser is made in the form of a serrated comb, placed under the furrow-forming paw and cantileverly mounted on the lower end of the vertical roller mounted inside the hollow paw strut on sliding bearings and having a gear sector on the upper end, the teeth of which are in contact with a chain, one end of which is connected with a finger using a flexible thread, fixed to the driven sprocket with offset m from the axis of rotation and connected to the drive sprocket attached to the disk of the packer roller with studs, and the second end of the chain is connected to the free end of the spiral return spring
The main advantage of the device is that the proposed opener, having a simple design in comparison with the known analogues, provides a more uniform distribution of seeds over a wide strip. The necessary width of the sown strip can be provided by changing the comb diffuser and changing the frequency of its oscillations.

 The distribution of seeds by comb does not depend much on the angle of inclination of the working body in the longitudinal and transverse planes. With the introduction of a chain-gear transmission in combination with a flexible thread instead of a crank-link mechanism, the reliability of the process has been increased.

 Figure 1 shows a diagram of the working body, side view; figure 2 is the same, a top view; on figa, b is a diagram of the technical process of scattering seeds.

 The working body consists of a diffuser, a furrow-forming paw attached to the lower end of the hollow strut, a rolling roller, a mechanism for driving the diffuser into motion, and a leash.

 The diffuser is made in the form of a toothed comb, consisting of a plate 1 and different-sized sphenoid teeth 2. The diffuser is placed under the upper flat cover of the furrow-forming paw 3. A hollow post is welded perpendicularly to the flat cover of the paw 3. Inside the hollow post and on sliding bearings (ceramic, fluoroplastic) a roller 5 is installed. At the lower end of the roller 5, under the furrow-forming paw 3, the diffuser plate 1 is cantilevered, and a gear sector 6 is fixed on its upper end. A roller chain 7 is put on sector 6, one end of which using a flexible thread 8 is connected to the plate 9, pivotally connected to a finger 10, mounted on a driven sprocket 11 with an offset from the axis of rotation. The sprocket 11 is driven from the drive sprocket 12, mounted to the disk of the press wheel (roller) 13 with pins. The second end of the chain 7 is connected to a spiral return spring 14, the free end of which is fastened on the rack 15.

 Plate 16 is welded to the front and rear of the hollow stand 4, on which there are holes for changing the position of the stand 4 vertically relative to the frame 17. The frame 17 is connected to the drill lead by bolts inserted into the holes 18, and rests on the axis of the packer roller 13.

 The work of the working body is as follows.

 With the translational movement of the seeder unit, the roller rollers 13 through the sprockets 11 and 12, the crank pin 10, the flexible thread 8, the chain 7, the gear sector 6, the vertical roller 5 transmit the movement to the plates 1 with the teeth 3 of the toothed comb. Plate 12 with teeth 2 perform an oscillatory movement within a given angle. The value of the angle of the sector of oscillations, if necessary, is regulated by moving the finger 10 along the radius.

 Seeds through a hollow rack 4 fall on a bed formed by a furrow-forming paw 3. When dropped, they periodically meet with the vertical wall of the diffuser plate 1 in the form of a serrated comb, are reflected from it and scattered to the sides. Seeds that have reached the surface of the soil, under the action of the teeth 2, making oscillating movements, are additionally scattered (scattered) together with soil particles to a given width. Seeds are covered with a layer of soil coming down from the flat roof of a furrow-forming paw 3, which is compacted by a roller 13.

The main advantages of the proposed device:
- the proposed drive mechanism provides a stable transmission of movement from a vertical plane to a horizontal one regardless of operating conditions;
- in comparison with the coulters of serial production has low material consumption;
- the opener provides high-quality broadband sowing, in which the area of seed nutrition is expanded, which ensures, regardless of the negative influence of other factors, an increase in yield.

Experimental research by research institutes, production results of many farms indicate that strip sowing of carrot seeds increases the yield by 1.5-2 times, grain crops by 6.5-22%;
- the ability to install on serial seeders,
- the possibility of using mineral fertilizers for intra-soil spreading.

Claims (1)

 The working body of the sowing machine with a pendulum type diffuser, containing a hollow stand with a furrow-forming paw, seed tube, rolling roller and a lead, characterized in that the working body is equipped with a diffuser made in the form of a gear comb, placed under the furrow-forming paw and cantilever mounted on the lower end of the vertical roller mounted inside a hollow strut on sliding bearings and having a gear sector at the upper end, the teeth of which are in contact with a chain, one end of which is flexible It is connected to a finger mounted on the driven sprocket with an offset from the axis of rotation associated with the drive sprocket fixed to the disk of the packer roller using pins, and the second end of the chain is connected to the free end of the coil spring.

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