RU2193659C2 - Method of mineral deposits mining - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining; applicable in underground mining of mineral deposits under conditions of high rock pressure and its dynamic manifestations. SUBSTANCE: method includes driving of development and subordinate development workings, blocks drilling-off, ore breaking and drawing through draw holes. Solid works on underlying level are carried out beyond zone of support pressure with lagging behind stoping operations on overlying level, and stoping operations in next block of extracted level are carried out with lagging behind its solid and preparatory works. Solid and preparatory works on underlying level are carried out with lagging behind stoping operations on overlaying level through value determined by expression: a=H*tg α/L, where H is depth of mining, m; α is angle of ore body dipping, deg; L is distance to front of stoping operations, m. Stoping operations in next block of extracted level are carried out with lagging behind level solid and preparatory works through 3-4 blocks. EFFECT: higher safety of mining operations and mining efficiency. 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to geomechanics and can be used in underground mining of mineral deposits under conditions of high rock pressure and its dynamic manifestations.

 There is a method of mining powerful dipping deposits in the Norilsk region, which shows the possibility of choosing a rational order of extraction of reserves, taking into account the action of natural forces and disturbance of the array, which, using the developed methods of regulating the level of stresses in the structural elements of development systems, allows for intensive mining of reserves at great depths during technical economic indicators of production. (Development of intensive methods of ore mining at great depths / Ainbinder I.I., Rodionov Yu.I., Ovcharenko O.V., Arshavsky V.V., Efimov F.K. / Intensive methods of ore mining at great depths. - M .: 1988. - 59-75. - Rus.).

 However, the application of the known method for the development of powerful dipping deposits with high disturbance of the array causes significant difficulties associated with maintaining the faces in a stable state.

 Closest to the proposed technical solution is a method of mining ore deposits, including preparatory, rifling, drilling blocks, breaking and releasing ore through exhaust workings, in which rifling on the underlying horizon is carried out outside the reference pressure zone with a lag relative to the treatment work at overlying horizon, and treatment works in the next block of the worked out horizon with a lag behind its preparatory cutting operations (see AS USSR N 1456579, E 21 C 41/22).

 The disadvantages of this method are the high concentration of stresses in the edge part of the array, as well as in the bottom hole in front of the preparatory, rifled or overhaul.

 The only technical result is the establishment of patterns of change in the stress state in the massif during the development of iron ore deposits in difficult natural conditions.

A single technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known method of mining ore deposits, including carrying out preparatory, threaded work, drilling blocks, breaking and releasing ore through exhaust workings, in which threaded and preparatory work on the underlying horizon is carried out outside the reference pressure zone with a lag in relation to treatment works on the overlying horizon, and treatment works in the next block of the worked out horizon with a lag behind its preparatory-cutting operations, threaded and ovitelnye work on the underlying horizon are conducted with a delay of clearing works on the overlying horizon by an amount determined by the formula:
a = H • tgα / L,
where N is the depth of development, m;
α is the angle of the ore body, deg .;
L is the distance to the front of the treatment works, m,
at the same time, treatment works in the next block of the worked out horizon are carried out with a delay of 3-4 blocks from its preparatory and rifling operations.

 Figure 1 presents the axonometric projection of the mined ore body in the field.

 The development of the ore deposit according to the proposed method is as follows.

 The reserves of the deposit are mined by floors 1 with a height of 40-80 m and more, each floor is developed sequentially by blocks 2 with a width of 16-27 m and a length equal to the thickness of the ore body.

 Each block 2 on each floor 1 is prepared by driving delivery and drilling workings, the block is drilled with beams of deep wells 3. Thus, several blocks are prepared.

 When the distance of the blocks prepared for excavation at the horizon from the beginning of the excavation reaches a value of the order of 3-4 blocks, the ore is blasted in the 1st block.

 The ore is blasted in block 2 by blasting charges of bunches of wells in 3 groups with the direction of movement of the beaten ore layer toward the center of the cavity 4. The formation of compensation cavities 4 unloads the array of block 2 from high voltages, which in itself increases its stability.

 Further blasting on the floor of subsequent blocks is carried out similarly. Refining the floor in this way allows you to control rock pressure due to the redistribution of stresses in the rock mass.

Upon reaching the development zone (treatment units 2) on the upper horizon, preparatory cutting operations on the underlying horizon begin with a lag according to the formula:
a = H • tgα / L,
where N is the depth of development, m;
α - angle of ore bodies, degrees;
L is the distance to the front of the treatment works, m,
at the same time, the treatment works in the next block of the worked out horizon are carried out with a delay of 3-4 blocks from its preparatory and rifling operations (L = 130 m, Fig. 1).

 If a clearing is going on one flank, then preparatory cutting work should begin on the other so that the deposit is in an equilibrium state both in the center and on the flank, without creating a zone of concentration of ultimate stresses. The cleaning and preparatory rifling operations should be carried out in this sequence of mining along the depth of the overlying and underlying horizons.

 The proposed method allows to distribute horizontal maximum stresses in the process of mining deposits with collapsing systems in a parabolic direction depending on the distance to the front of the treatment works and in the zone of complete discharge act across the strike of ore deposits (figure 2).

 The use of the invention will improve the safety of mining and the efficiency of mining steeply falling ore deposits.

Claims (1)

A method of mining ore deposits, including preparatory, rifling, drilling blocks, breaking and releasing ore through exhaust openings, in which rifling on the underlying horizon is carried out outside the reference pressure zone with a lag in relation to the treatment work on the overlying horizon, and the treatment work in the next block of the worked-out horizon with a backlog from its preparatory-cutting operations, characterized in that the cutting and preparatory work on the underlying horizon is carried out from Awan from sewage treatment works in the overlying horizon by an amount determined by the expression
a = H • tanα / L,
where N is the depth of development, m;
α is the angle of ore bodies, degrees;
L is the distance to the front of the treatment works, m,
at the same time, treatment works in the next block of the worked out horizon are carried out with a delay of 3-4 blocks from its preparatory and rifling operations.

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