RU2192729C1 - Wide drill for sowing of small seed crops, preferably, of amaranth - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering. SUBSTANCE: wide drill has seed hoppers connected one with another. Hoppers are closed with pivotally attached closures. Seeding units and receptacle chute are located on rear wall of each hopper. Chute is arranged for movement between operating and transport position. Receptacle chutes of adjacent hoppers are connected through additional chute mounted for displacement to operating and transport position along guides of subsequent chute. Outer chute has end wall and other chutes are equipped with connecting members. EFFECT: reduced seed losses during discharge and cleaning of seed hoppers, reduced labor intensity and rapid readjustment of working tool for different seeding rates. 5 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to wide-spreaded sowing units for sowing small-seeded crops, preferably amaranth.

A wide-seeding sowing unit is known, comprising sowing machines interconnected in a row, equipped with seed hoppers with covers fixed to them by hinges, in which, in order to exclude losses of seed material when loading hoppers, each adjacent end wall of the latter is provided with a hinge mounted on P- shaped lever by a tray, and the U-shaped lever is pivotally connected by two equal parallel levers to the end wall and the hopper cover, respectively, and on adjacent end walls guides for trays are fixed to the bins, while on the U-shaped lever an emphasis is made to fix the trays in the working position (SU, copyright certificate 919173. Mcl ³ A 01 C 7/00. Wide-sowing sowing unit //I.I. Zaitsev, A.F. Shilo, Yu.P. Kolesnichenko, E.A. Belyaev, G.M. Tekerman, L.I. Tulchinskaya, B.Z. Spivak.Journal 12.06.1980 / Material for official use.

 Despite the fact that the design of this wide-row sowing unit solved the issue of reducing the loss of seed material when loading, however, the loss of seeds when changing the seeder to a different sowing rate, when changing the variety, as well as when removing seeds after sowing is large. Small-seed crops, such as amaranth, are very small in size and have a large flowability. In addition, these seeds are very expensive. Unloading seed boxes in the field due to wind blowing leads to the loss of more than 50% of seeds. This operation is very time-consuming for the described wide-seeding sowing unit, it requires additional funds and materials.

 The closest analogue to the claimed object is a seeder with variable gauge SN-16P, containing a frame, an automatic coupling bracket, supporting pneumatic wheels, a seed box with sowing devices, mounted on top by hinges with a lid, and on the back with a receiving tray, disc coulters connected by seed tubes with sowing apparatuses, screwdrivers and footboard (see, for example, seeder with variable gauge SN-16P. Technical description and operating instructions. M: Pilot plant MZOK BIM. - 1984, - 42 p., - p. 20, Fig. 4 )

 The disadvantages of this seeder include the small working width and seed loss during unloading of the seed box when sowing one type of amaranth, for example, Bagryany.

 The invention consists in the following.

 The task to which the claimed technical solution is directed is the elimination of seed losses during unloading of seed bins in wide-seeders.

 The technical result is an increase in labor productivity and a reduction in time spent when reconfiguring the seeder for sowing others, including and small-seeded crops, such as mallow, rapeseed, Eastern goatskin, alfalfa, clover, amaranth, opium poppy, etc.

 The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known wide-seeding seeder for sowing small-seeded crops, preferably amaranth, which includes seed bins interconnected in a row with lids fixed on top of them by hinges, with metering devices fixed to the rear wall of the said bunker with a drive for their rotation and equipped with the possibility of translating into the working and transport positions on the hinges of the receiving tray, according to the invention, the receiving trays of adjacent hoppers are connected an additional tray mounted to move to the working and transport positions in the guides of the subsequent tray, while the tray of one of the outermost bins has an end wall, and the other trays are equipped with jumpers.

 Due to the fact that the main receiving trays of each seed hopper are equipped with additional trays, all seed hoppers are emptied simultaneously with the collection of unseeded (remaining in the hopper) seeds in a closed container from one of the edges of the seeder. This achieves a reduction in labor costs and time when changing the seeder.

 The invention is illustrated by drawings.

 In FIG. 1 shows a wide-spread planter for sowing small-seeded crops, preferably amaranth, plan view.

 In FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the drive shafts of the sowing apparatus on the seed hoppers of the wide-seeder.

 In FIG. 3 is a section AA in FIG. 1, the cross section of the seed hopper and the receiving tray when unloading seeds.

 In FIG. Figure 4 shows the receiving trays of two adjacent seed hoppers (an additional tray is installed in the working position).

 In FIG. 5 - the same, the additional tray is offset in the guides of the main receiving tray before moving them to the transport position.

 Information confirming the possibility of implementing the claimed technical solution is as follows.

 A wide-seeder for sowing small-seeded crops, preferably amaranth, contains a frame 1, an automatic coupler bracket 2, left and right support wheels 3 and 4, a left marker 5, a right marker 6, a left seed hopper 7 and a right seed hopper 8. Bins 7 and 8 interconnected in a row. The seed hoppers 7 and 8 are closed from above by covers 9 and 10 hinged by hinges. On the rear wall 11 of the said hopper 7 (8), the metering devices 12 are mounted with a drive 13 for their rotation and are equipped with the receiving tray 14 (15) that can be translated into working and transport positions.

 The receiving trays 14 and 15 of the adjacent hoppers 7 and 8 are additionally connected by a tray 16, mounted with the possibility of moving to the working and transport positions in the guides 17 of the subsequent tray (15). The end tray (14) has an end wall 18. The free ends of the trays 14 and 15 are equipped with jumpers 19, 20 and 21 (see Fig. 4 and 5).

 The drive of the metering devices 12 is obtained from the right support wheel 4 by means of open chain gears 22, 23 and 24, a chain gear 25 and a gear gear 26. The shafts of the metering devices 12 in the seed bins 7 and 8 and the rotation shafts of the agitators 27 are connected by intermediate shafts 28 and 29 ( see Fig. 2).

 The mouthpieces 30 (Fig. 3) of the housings 31 of the sowing apparatus 12 by the seed ducts 31 are connected to the openers 32 (see Fig. 1).

 A seeder for sowing small seeds, preferably amaranth, works as follows.

 Before sowing, the seeder is adjusted to the specified seeding rate (for amaranth of the Crimson type, no more than 0.3 kg / ha). The depth of the coulters 32 is limited by flanges to a value of 1.0-1.5 cm. The coulters 32 are placed on the lead beam of the frame 1 with a mutual removal of 0.45 cm. Both when setting the drill and after sowing, the receiving trays 14 and 15 from the transport position translate into working (see. Fig. 3 and 4). An additional tray 16 is pulled out of the guides 17 of the tray 15 toward the receiving tray 14 (see Fig. 5 and 4).

 Next, the adjustment lever 33 (see Fig. 3) together with the movable bottoms 34 under the sowing apparatus 12 is moved down. Seeds from bins 7 and 8 are turned over by flapper valves 35 into trays 14 and 15, and from them, through additional receiving trays 16, seeds flow down to the jumper 21 of the outer tray (15) and are collected in an airtight container for transportation to a warehouse or to an adjacent field .

 After cleaning the cavities of the bins 7 and 8, the trays 14, 16 and 15 are transferred to the transport position and fixed on the rear walls 11.

 Thus, the presented design of the receiving trays 14-16 eliminates the loss of seeds during unloading and cleaning of the seed hoppers 7 and 8, provides a quick reconfiguration of the seeder when changing and monitoring the seeding rate, and reduces labor costs and time for preparing the seeder for operation. Placing three seed bins 7 and 8 on frame 1 (borrowed from the SST-12B beet seeder) allows to increase the productivity of the wide-seeding sowing unit by three times.

Claims (1)

 A wide-seeder for sowing small-seeded crops, preferably amaranth, containing seed bins interconnected in a row with lids fixed on top of them by hinges, on the rear wall of each hopper sowing devices with a drive for their rotation are fixed and the receiving tray, characterized in that the receiving trays of adjacent bins are connected by an additional tray mounted with the possibility of moving into the working and transport p position in the guides of the subsequent tray, while the tray of one of the extreme bins has an end wall, and the other trays are equipped with jumpers.

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