RU2191209C2 - Carbonizer (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: ferrous metallurgy. SUBSTANCE: carbonizer comprises carboniferous components: wastes of carboniferous products, coke, hard coal, charcoal, artificial and argentous graphite, binder, oxidized crucible graphite. Binder is water glass. Components are used in the following ratio, wt%: oxidized crucible graphite 0.5-5; water glass 1-3; carboniferous components the balance. Carbonizer is made in the form of three-dimensional geometric figure and comprises carboniferous components and water glass as binder used in an amount of 1-3 wt%. Carbonizer surface is covered with oxidized graphite coat having thickness of from 1 micron to 1 mm. EFFECT: increased efficiency and accessibility. 3 cl, 2 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to carburizers intended for use in the steel industry in the production of ferrous metals (cast iron, steel).

 It is known that in the smelting of ferrous metals, if necessary, carburization is carried out by introducing the missing carbon into the liquid metal in the form of materials containing it. Such materials are called carburizers (or carburizers). See Polytechnical Dictionary. M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1989, p. 212.

 Known carburetor containing carbon-containing components: waste of carbon-containing products, coke, anthracite, charcoal, etc. See the Polytechnical dictionary. M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1989, p. 326.

 A carburetor containing carbon-containing components and a binder was selected as a prototype. In this case, the carburetor is formed in the form of a three-dimensional geometric figure (ball, cube, pyramid, cone, etc.). See the description of the invention of the Russian Federation 2092568, IPC С 21 С 1/08, С 21 В 11/00 of 12/19/94, publ. 10/10/97.

 The technical task of the invention is the expansion of the range of carburetors for smelting ferrous metals, ensuring their high digestibility.

The problem is solved in such a way that the known carburetor containing carbon-containing components and a binder, according to the invention additionally contains oxidized graphite crucible, and as a binder contains liquid glass, the components are taken in the following ratio, wt.%:
Oxidized graphite crucible - 0.5 - 5.0
Liquid glass - 1 - 3
Carbon-containing components - The rest (1 option).

 Known carburetor, formed in the form of a volumetric geometric figure containing carbon-containing components and a binder, according to the invention as a binder contains liquid glass in an amount of 1-3 wt.%, And on the surface of the carburetor is made of oxidized graphite crucible with a thickness of 1 μm to 1 mm (2 option).

 The presence of oxidized crucible graphite in the carburetor (according to option 1), when introduced into a molten metal or onto a mirror of a liquid metal, leads to swelling and destruction of the carburetor into small parts along the metal surface. As a result, the contact surface of the carburetor with the liquid metal increases, and, consequently, the absorption of the metal by carbon increases as much as possible.

 And when coating a crucible from oxidized graphite graphite on the surface of a carburetor formed in the form of a three-dimensional geometric figure (option 2), the latter turns out to be closed in a shell ("coat"), which excludes oxygen access to carbon-containing components. When introduced into the molten metal, the carburetor does not burn and complete absorption of carbon occurs.

 The proposed carburetor compositions expand the capabilities of the metallurgical production of ferrous metals by expanding the range of carburetors, their multivariate design, providing effective carburization of the liquid melt with a high degree of assimilation of carbon.

 Conducted patent research did not reveal similar technical solutions, which allows us to conclude about the novelty and inventive step, because this technical solution does not follow explicitly from the current level of technology.

 The proposed solution may be applicable in the steel industry in the production of ferrous metals. The domestic industry has all the means (materials, equipment) necessary to obtain the proposed carburetors and their use in industry.

 The essence of the proposed technical solution is illustrated by a description of the specific implementation of various types of carburizers.

 Carburettors are designed to introduce the missing carbon into the liquid metal smelted in typical metallurgical furnaces, or to supply it (carburetor) to a metal mirror at the time of the spill. The chemical composition of the proposed carburizers are presented in table. 1.

 Carburettors are obtained by dosing these components, mixing them with a binder - liquid glass and then pressing, for example, a briquette on a rotary or hydraulic press to the specified size.

 For coating (by dipping method) of oxidized crucible graphite on the surface of a carburetor formed in the form of a three-dimensional geometric figure (for example, a cylinder, briquette, cube) and containing carbon-containing components and liquid glass in an amount of 1-3 wt.%, Oxidized graphite grades GT according to GOST 4596-75 diluted (stirred) in liquid glass. The thickness of the coating is from 1 μm to 1 mm. Specific examples of coated carburetors are given in table. 2.

 Carburettors can be made in the form of any three-dimensional geometric figure: in the form of a cylinder with a diameter of 9 to 160 mm, a briquette with a size of 9 to 200 mm in length, or a cube of 100 to 200 mm in size.

 Carburizers come packaged on pallets or in containers. They are stored in dry enclosed spaces with natural ventilation.

 Carburettors were tested at Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant OJSC. During the test, the applicant used carburetors in the form of a briquette weighing from 20 g to 5 kg, made but 1 and 2 of the claims. The absorption coefficient of carbon ranged from 90 to 100%.

Claims (1)

1. Carburetor containing carbon-containing components and a binder, characterized in that it additionally contains oxidized crucible graphite, and as a binder contains liquid glass, the components are taken in the following ratio, wt.%:
Oxidized graphite crucible - 0.5-5
Liquid glass - 1-3
Carbon-containing components - Else
2. A carburetor formed in the form of a volumetric geometric figure and containing carbon-containing components and a binder, characterized in that it contains liquid glass in the amount of 1-3 wt.% As a binder, and a coating of oxidized graphite crucible is made on the surface of the carburizer from 1 μm to 1 mm.

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