RU2188630C1 - Means for treating and preventing narcomania - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine; pharmacology. SUBSTANCE: method applying 3-(2,2,2-trimethylhydrazine) propionate(mildronate) for repairing injured brain neuron electric activity. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of prophylaxis and treatment. 2 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to medicine, namely to narcology, and can be used for the prevention and treatment of patients suffering from drug addiction to drugs of various groups, including opium drugs.

 It is known that chronic drug use leads to damage to the mediator mechanisms of interneuronal interactions, destruction and disappearance of synaptic formations, which causes a violation of a number of brain functions [1].

 To restore these functions, it has recently been proposed to use drugs from the group of nootropics, peptides and amino acids, which are able to restore the normal ratio of processes of excitation and inhibition in the cerebral cortex, and normalize intellectual processes [1]. Widespread use among drugs of this group received piracetam and glycine [1, 2, 3]. It has been proposed to use peptide stimulators of opioid receptors, for example lupeptin [4]. Unfortunately, the use of piracetam in some patients with drug addiction causes excitement reactions, which can lead to poorly controlled emotional reactions and exacerbate the "craving" for the drug. Lupeptin, like other peptide drugs, is metabolized very quickly in the body, which significantly limits the time of its pharmacological effect. The results of glycine use in patients with drug addiction are better, since it does not have pronounced side effects [3]. Glycine is able to smooth out the background hemisphere asymmetry that appears against the background of prolonged anesthesia. However, the effectiveness of the use of glycine is very individual, depending on the current condition of the patient, the duration of the drug and other factors, which does not allow to obtain high stability of the therapeutic effect when used [3].

 At the same time, there is an acute question of drugs that can provide higher efficiency in treating the physical and mental dependence of drug addicts in the structure of withdrawal symptoms compared to traditional methods. A feature of drug addiction, especially drug addiction to the opium group, is a very pronounced mental dependence on the drug, many times greater than the severity of mental dependence on alcohol in alcoholism. The drugs used in modern narcological practice are not able to provide sufficient suppression of mental dependence in drug addicts. Drugs that block receptors for the corresponding narcotic substance are effective only for the period of constant administration. In this regard, the search for drugs that can suppress mental dependence on the drug and maintain this effect for a certain time after the end of the drug is especially relevant.

 The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency and reduction of treatment time, as well as the prevention of drug addiction.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that 3- (2,2,2-trimethylhydrazinium) propionate is injected into the patient. Currently, 3- (2,2,2-trimethylhydrazinium) propionate under the name "Mildronate" is approved for use in medical practice by the decision of the Russian Pharmacological Committee dated 04/09/1998 as a drug for the treatment of cardiac diseases and allergic bronchial asthma. The drug is also used for mental and physical stress and for relief of withdrawal symptoms in chronic alcoholism.

 The invention is illustrated by the following clinical examples.

 Example 1. Patient A., 24 years old, medical record 1718/00, suffers from drug addiction to substances of the opium group (heroin). The total duration of drug use is 2.5 years. Over the past 2 years, she repeatedly tried unsuccessfully to be treated independently. Moreover, the maximum duration of remission did not exceed 2-3 months. There was an "overdose" of heroin with loss of consciousness up to 3-4 hours. When I go to the doctor, I have complaints about constant obsessive thoughts about drugs, “narcotic” dreams almost daily, and poor general health. According to the patient, the last drug intake was 2-3 days ago.

 A psychotherapeutic conversation was conducted with the patient and drug therapy was prescribed, including neuleptil 15 mg / day, Radedorm 5 mg at night and 3- (2,2,2-trimethylhydrazinium) propionate 250 mg 2 times a day. While taking drugs, the patient's condition improved significantly. With repeated admission after a week, there are no complaints, the patient is friendly in the conversation, expresses an attitude for further treatment. Subsequently, the patient continued taking 3- (2,2,2-trimethylhydrazinium) propionate for another 1 week, the patient underwent 4 sessions of hypnotherapy. During the follow-up examination after 3 months from the start of taking 3- (2,2,2-trimethylhydrazinium) propionate, the patient has no complaints, drug addiction denies.

 After 5 months from the start of treatment, the patient independently consulted a doctor complaining that she had “narcotic” dreams, in which she had to take drugs with a stimulating effect. The patient reported about herself that she has been working a lot lately, mainly at night, as a result of which she feels sluggish and “broken” during the day. The patient was prescribed therapy, including an eglonil tranquilizer, multivitamins and 3- (2,2,2-trimethylhydrazinium) propionate 250 mg 2 times a day. Recommendations on the regime are given. At the follow-up visit to the doctor after 2 weeks, the patient's condition is satisfactory, no complaints. The last follow-up visit 10 months after the start of treatment with 3- (2,2,2-trimethylhydrazinium) propionate. The patient's condition is satisfactory, no complaints.

 It should be noted that the appointment of patients with a control group of antipsychotics (neuleptil), tranquilizers (eglonyl) and sleeping pills (radedorm) alone did not cause a pronounced decrease in the psychic craving for drugs. In contrast, in other patients who took 3- (2,2,2-trimethylhydrazinium) propionate, there was also a suppression of mental dependence on the drug.

 Thus, the suppression of heroin addiction observed in a patient can be associated with the effect of 3- (2,2,2-trimethylhydrazinium) propionate.

 Example 2. Patient M., 24 years old, medical record 1140/99, suffering from addiction to substances of the opium group (heroin) for 1 year, the last 6 months was twice treated without effect. An examination revealed stage 2 addiction to substances of the opium group. When stopping withdrawal symptoms, 3- (2,2,2-trimethylhydrazinium) propionate was included in the treatment complex. The drug was taken daily at 500 mg / day for 10 days. With the use of 3- (2,2,2-trimethylhydrazinium) propionate, withdrawal symptoms occurred without severe pain, the duration of severe autonomic disorders was reduced to 5 days instead of 10-15 days with the standard treatment regimen. These changes during the withdrawal syndrome allowed not only to significantly reduce the doses of analgesics and sedatives, but also to reduce the duration of the first period of drug treatment (relief of withdrawal symptoms) to 5 days instead of the usual 8-10 days. While taking 3- (2,2,2-trimethylhydrazinium) propionate, the patient's mood improved, his mental dependence on the drug was poorly expressed, and did not reach the degree of obsessive attraction. After successful relief of narcotic withdrawal, the patient underwent psychotherapy. Remission during the observation period (1 year).

 Example 3. Patient C. 26 years old, medical record 0774/98, suffers from a mixed form of drug addiction. The onset of the disease more than 7 years ago when the patient began to systematically take drugs of the ephedrine group. The duration of administration was about 1 year, later the patient took drugs of various groups (stimulants and hallucinogens) for 3 years, and then began to take heroin. The duration of the addiction to substances of the opium group at the time of treatment was 1 year. The patient asked for help in 1998 after repeated unsuccessful attempts to refuse to take heroin.

 When stopping withdrawal symptoms, 3- (2,2,2-trimethylhydrazinium) propionate was included in the treatment complex. The drug was taken daily at 500 mg / day for 20 days. With the use of 3- (2,2,2-trimethylhydrazinium) propionate, withdrawal occurred without severe pain, there was no depression. This made it possible to reduce the dose of analgesics and refuse to take antidepressants. The duration of relief of withdrawal symptoms using 3- (2,2,2-trimethylhydrazinium) propionate was 6 days. The decrease in patient asthenization and the suppression of psychiatric dependence on the drug, due to the use of 3- (2,2,2-trimethylhydrazinium) propionate, allowed the initiation of psychotherapy at the end of the 2nd week of treatment.

 Remission during the observation period (more than 2 years).

 It should be noted that the appointment of 3- (2,2,2-trimethylhydrazinium) propionate to patients before or during the first sessions of psychotherapy significantly increased its effectiveness.

 The main reason for the development of irreversible changes in the body under the influence of drugs, especially with heroin anesthesia, is damage to brain neurons. The severity of neuronal damage can be assessed using an electroencephalogram (EEG). Against the background of brain cell damage in patients with drug addiction, there is a sharp increase in interhemispheric asymmetry and the development of paroxysmal activity. In order to objectively evaluate the effect of 3- (2,2,2-trimethylhydrazinium) propionate on the brain of drug addicts, we studied the effect of 3- (2,2,2-trimethylhydrazinium) propionate on the amount of interhemispheric asymmetry of the electrical activity of the brain and on the presence and severity of paroxysmal activity brain in 10 patients with heroin addiction of both sexes aged 16 to 28 years. The comparison group is represented by 12 patients with heroin addiction. Both groups of patients are similar in age and sex composition, as well as in the duration and severity of the disease. The research results are presented in tables 1 and 2.

 As can be seen from table 1, the intake of 3- (2,2,2-trimethylhydrazinium) propionate led to a significant decrease in interhemispheric asymmetry in all frequency ranges, while the magnitude of interhemispheric asymmetry in the examined patients during treatment 3- (2,2,2- trimethylhydrazinium) propionate almost corresponded to a similar indicator in healthy people of the same age group. This indicates both the ability of 3- (2,2,2-trimethylhydrazinium) propionate to restore the electrical activity of damaged brain neurons, and the normalization under its influence of the relationship between the functionally active centers of the right and left hemisphere.

 The results presented in table 2, reflect the ability of 3- (2,2,2-trimethylhydrazinium) propionate to reduce the severity of paroxysmal activity of the brain of patients. This shows that under the influence of 3- (2,2,2-trimethylhydrazinium) propionate in patients, the probability of generating pathological electrical activity by damaged neurons is reduced and the risk of formation of pathological foci of excitation supporting mental dependence on the drug is reduced.

 Thus, analysis of the effect of 3- (2,2,2-trimethylhydrazinium) propionate on individual EEG parameters objectively confirms its positive effect on the brain function of drug addicts.

 Despite the use of 3- (2,2,2-trimethylhydrazinium) propionate for the treatment of cardiological diseases and bronchial asthma, as well as for the relief of withdrawal symptoms in alcoholism, the possibility of its use for the treatment of drug addiction is not obvious for specialists in the field of narcology, and even more so for psychiatrists and general practitioners. None of the previous studies have revealed the ability of 3- (2,2,2-trimethylhydrazinium) propionate to suppress mental dependence on narcotic or toxic substances.

 The proposed invention contributes to the successful solution of such an important socio-medical-economic problem as drug addiction. The effect of the drug was studied on a large number of patients in a narcological clinic, the data obtained were verified, and the final results were obtained by the double blind control method.

 The tool is directly ready for use, since its safety is proven by widespread use in the clinic for various reasons that are not relevant to the treatment of drug addiction.

 The presented invention has important socio-economic importance.

Sources of information
1. Bilibin D.P., Dvornikov V.E. - Pathophysiology of alcoholic disease and drug addiction. // M.: University of Friendship of Peoples, 1991, 104 p.

2. Machula A.I., Naumova V.I., Bashnin Yu.I., Dudkin S.M., Babaylov R.G. - Systematic analysis of the effects of piracetam, glycine and N-acetylglycinamide on long-term training. // Experimental and clinical pharmacology, 1993, 4, p. 55-57
3. Mashkova V.M., Volkov V.G., Kulikov M.A., Komissarov I.A. - Glycine as a means of correcting the functional state of patients with opium addiction. // Human physiology, 1996, v. 22, 4, p. 55-57.

 4. Yarygin V.N., Sudakov S.K. - RF patent 2083204 of 07/10/1997 "Means for the relief of withdrawal symptoms in opium addiction."

Claims (1)

 The use of 3- (2,2,2-trimethylhydrazinium) propionate as a means for the prevention and treatment of drug addiction.

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