RU2174428C1 - Vibration sieve - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: apparatuses for removing mechanical foreign matters from suspensions, emulsions and pulps. SUBSTANCE: vibration sieve includes framework, vibrator, receiving collector and vibrating housing mounted in framework by means of springs and having separation gauze. The last is secured to housing with formation of several U- or V-shaped ducts for placing splitters. Lateral walls of ducts are inclined relative to vertical plane. One wall of each duct is inclined by angle exceeding inclination angle of other wall of said duct. At least several U- or V-shaped ducts have walls symmetrically inclined relative to vertical plane. Edges of separation gauze are secured to tension rollers and separation gauze is fixed relative to vibrating housing by means of hinged pressure frame. Vibrating housing is mounted in framework with the aid of four springs in the form of loops with free end portions; one end portion is secured to framework, other - to vibrating housing. Invention allows to use standard rolled gauze. EFFECT: reduced energy consumption, lowered mass, size, enhanced efficiency of cleaning gauze at operation of vibration sieve. 3 cl, 4 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of equipment for cleaning various suspensions, emulsions and pulps from mechanical impurities, in particular, drilling fluids from drill cuttings. In addition, it is possible to use a vibrating sieve for cleaning vegetable oils in their production, as well as for cleaning, calibration and drying of various seeds.

 A device for separating solid particles from a liquid is known, containing a vibro-housing with a mesh installed in it and a receiving manifold located above the vibro-housing (see US patent 3928207, CL B 01 D 35/20, publ. 23.12.75).

 This device allows you to separate solid impurities from the liquid. However, the use of a vibrator that produces vibration in one plane reduces the performance of this device.

 The closest to the invention in terms of technical essence and the achieved result is a vibrating sieve containing a frame, a vibrator, a receiving collector and a vibro-housing with spacer mesh installed on the frame with springs installed in the vibro-housing with the formation of one or more V- or U-shaped channels (see application EP 0100132, A2, class B 01 D 35/20, publ. 02/08/1984).

 This vibrating sieve allows you to separate solid impurities from the drilling fluid and has one vibrating frame with a dividing profiled grid. However, it has considerable material consumption, large dimensions and drive power, while this sieve has a complex structure, which does not exclude resonance vibrations, and the complex design of the tension of the grid and cassettes with grids leads to premature failure of the grids and a decrease in their cleaning ability.

 The problem to which the present invention is directed is to reduce the material consumption, overall dimensions and energy consumption, increase the cleaning efficiency of the mesh during the operation of the vibrating sieve, provide the possibility of using a standard roll mesh and reduce operating costs.

 This problem is solved due to the fact that a vibrating sieve containing a frame, a vibrator, a receiving collector and a vibro-housing with a dividing grid mounted on the frame by means of springs, the latter is installed in the vibro-housing with the formation of one or more V- or U-shaped channels, the latter are located dividers, while the side walls of the channels are located at an angle to the vertical plane, one of the walls of each channel is inclined at an angle exceeding the angle of inclination of the other channel wall and at least part of the V- or U-shape of the channels is made with a tilt of the walls of the channels symmetrical with respect to the vertical plane, the edges of the separation grid are fixed in the tension rollers and the separation grid is fixed relative to the vibrocasing with a reclining pressure frame, and the vibrocasing is mounted on the frame by four springs made in the form of a loop with free end sections fixed one on one the frame, and the other on the vibrocasing, with the spring loop attached to the roller mounted on the frame.

 Vibrating screen dividers can be installed with the possibility of vertical movement relative to the separation grid, a receiving grid can be installed above the separation grid, and with an even number of V- or U-shaped channels, the latter are made with a symmetrical arrangement of the channel walls relative to the central vertical plane.

 As the studies showed, the use of V- and U-shaped channels of the sieve is not enough to achieve a significant reduction in cost and operating costs. In the described vibrating sieve, as a filtering surface - a separating mesh, a conventional standard factory-supplied roll mesh is used. Due to the formation of V- or U-shaped channels, the working part of the mesh through which the main part of the stream is filtered is set at an angle to the vertical plane, and it is important that one of the walls of each channel is inclined at an angle exceeding the angle of inclination of the other channel wall and, at least part of the V- or U-shaped channels is made with a tilt of the walls of the channels symmetrical with respect to the vertical plane.

 As a result, the throughput of the vibrating sieve with such a grid installation increases, since the throughput increases through the filter surface, which is installed with a large inclination relative to the vertical plane, and the self-weight of the solution and mechanical particles are directed almost parallel to the grid. When moving down, mechanical particles experience only slight side impacts, and the liquid phase of the solution additionally plays the role of a hydraulic damper. In addition, the filtering process flows through the holes formed by the projection of the cells on a horizontal plane. This process is enhanced by the oscillatory movements of the separation grid in the vertical plane, i.e. almost in pure form, in practice, the effect of self-cleaning of the mesh was carried out during the filtering process. However, the asymmetric arrangement relative to the vertical plane of the channel walls leads to different wall performance, which causes an asymmetric load on the frame of the vibrating sieve. The implementation of at least part of the channels with a symmetrical tilt of the walls of the channels located on different sides relative to the vertical plane passing along the channels, allows to minimize such an uneven load on the frame, and when performing an even number of channels and when performing channels with a symmetrical arrangement of walls relative to the central vertical plane, uneven load on the frame can be avoided almost completely.

 Of significant importance is the design of the springs on which the vibration housing is mounted relative to the frame. The scheme of suspension of the vibro-housing on four springs in the form of a loop with free end sections fixed one on the frame and the other on the vibro-housing, proposed in the described construction, made it possible to ensure both effective cleaning of the solution and high speed of transportation and removal of sludge.

 The described design allows you to effectively adjust the operating mode of the vibrating sieve due to the fact that it provides for fixing the upper free end section of the spring on the sleeve, which is freely placed on the finger of the vibrocasing, and fixing the lower free end section of the spring in the grip, with which you can lift the lower branch or lower relative to the frame. Thus, a fine adjustment of the angle of inclination of the upper end portion of the spring is made, and therefore, the ability to accurately set the position of the vibrocasing in space is achieved. Between the upper and lower end sections of the spring, a loop is made in the form of one or several turns, which is worn on a rubber roller mounted on a finger fixed relative to the frame. By adjusting the number of turns of the spring loop, you can achieve any desired cushioning effect in the right place and direction. As a result, changing the diameter of the rod from which the spring is made, the length and angle of inclination of the free end sections of the spring, introducing various depreciation elements into the spring configuration, allows you to control both the trajectory of the vibrocasing and the magnitude of the depreciation effect. Thus, a mechanism for controlling the operating mode of the vibrating sieve was created.

 As a result, the task of the invention was solved: reducing material consumption, overall dimensions and energy consumption, increasing the cleaning efficiency of the mesh during the operation of the vibrating sieve and increasing the productivity of the vibrating sieve without increasing its dimensions.

 In FIG. 1 is a side view of a vibrating screen; FIG. 2 is a view A of FIG. 1, in FIG. 3 is a section BB of FIG. 1, in FIG. 4 - various types of springs, on which the vibrocasing is mounted.

 The vibrating screen contains a frame 1, a receiving manifold 4 with a cover 5 mounted on top with air ducts 6 and 7 and a vibrocasing 2, which is mounted on four springs 3, made in the form of a loop with free end sections, fixed one on the frame 1, and the other on the vibrocasing 2 moreover, the spring is worn on the roller 27 mounted on the frame 1 by means of the finger 29. A pressure frame 8 with a beam and a plate 9 of the vibrator 10 is placed on the vibrocasing. Tension rollers 11 are placed on the side of the vibrocasing 2 to fix the edges of the mesh 15, which are rigidly connected with washers 12 n The necessary position of which can be fixed with screws that, with their smooth ends, enter the hole of the lock washer 14. A separation grid 15 is installed in the vibrocasing with the formation of one or more V- or U-shaped channels and in the latter there are placed dividers 16, the vertical position of which is regulated by screws 17 or otherwise determined by the design of the dividers 17 located in the beam 18. The pressure frame 8 serves as a support for the receiving grid 19. The channels formed by the grid 15 can be located at an angle to a horizontal axis, wherein one of the walls of each channel formed by the grid 15, is inclined at an angle greater than the angle of inclination of the other channel wall and at least part of the V- or U-channels obraenyh configured symmetrical about a vertical plane of a slope of the channel walls.

 On the upper part of the side walls of the vibrocasing 2 there are support strips 20, in the recesses of which there are rollers 21 of the reclining clamping frame 8, fixed by folding screw ties 22. In another embodiment, the support strips 20 can be made in the form of rollers, and the rollers 21 are made with mating with strip 20 concave surface.

 Between the rear and front walls of the vibrocasing 2 there are upper 23 and lower 24 rollers. The length of the upper rollers 23 is equal to the width of the separation grid 15. The upper rollers 23 are located between the rear wall and the upper part 25 of the front wall. The lower rollers 24 are longer than the upper rollers 23 and are located between the rear wall and the lower portion 26 of the front wall. Due to this, between the separation grid 15 and the lower part 26 of the front wall of the vibrocasing 2, a gap is formed through which the sludge is dumped into the dump.

 Four springs 3 provide the ability to work with one vibrator 10. The upper free end section of the spring 3 is fixed by means of a sleeve 30, which is freely placed on the finger of the vibrocasing 2. The lower free end section of the spring 3 is mounted in the gripper 26, with which you can raise and lower the lower branch , i.e. it is possible to fine-tune the angle of inclination of the upper free end section of the spring 3 and, therefore, to achieve the required position of the vibrocasing 2 relative to the frame 1. Between the upper and lower free end sections of the spring 3 can be made one or several turns are made - spring loop 3. Possible implementation hinges half a turn of the spring 3. The loop of the spring 3 is worn on the rubber roller 27, which is mounted on the pin 29 of the frame 1. Additional turns of the loop of the spring 3 may be necessary to enhance the shock absorption ion effect in the desired direction. Possible embodiments of the spring 3 are shown in FIG. 4. Thus, changing the configuration of the spring, the cross section of the spring, for example, the diameter of the spring rod, the length and angle of inclination of the free end sections of the spring 3, performing on the free end sections of the spring 3 various damping elements (various types of bends or loops - see Fig. 4 ) it is possible to achieve the ability to control the trajectory of the vibrocasing 2 and the magnitude of the depreciation effect of the spring 3.

 As noted above, using a dividing grid 3, channels of a V-shaped or U-shaped in cross section are created. Installation of the grid is as follows. As a filtering surface, a conventional roll mesh with a length of 2-3 refills is used. The ends of the separation grid 15 are evenly cut and doubled along the weft wire. The winding should be 25-30 mm. After that, one end of the mesh is inserted into the slot 13 of one of the tension rollers 11 and its position is fixed with countersunk screws. The second end of the mesh 15 is carefully guided around the upper 23 and lower 24 rollers and is also fixed in the slots of the second tension roller 11. (In the case of V-shaped channels, there can be one lower roller 24 at the bottom, and when performing U-shaped channels, such lower roller 24 may be, for example, two). By rotating one or both of the tension rollers 11, the separation grid 15 is tensioned. Then, by turning the screw of the tension cylinder 31, the axis of rotation of the pressure frame 8 is raised until the lower edge of the pressure roller 21 is slightly higher than the upper edge of the support plate 20. The pressure frame 8 is lowered on the pre-tensioned separation grid 15, the hinge screws 22 are tucked in and the latter is tensioned by tightening the latter 15. The gap between the dividers 16 and the mesh is adjusted if necessary th 15.

 If necessary, adjust the angle of inclination of the vibrator 10 by turning the base plate 9.

 Vibrating sieve works as follows.

 Turn on the vibrator 10 and the solution, for example, drilling fluid from the well, through the intake manifold 4 enters the intake grid 19, where the primary cleaning of the solution from large particles of sludge that are discharged into the channels of the grid 15 outside the dividers 16. In addition, the solution due to the limited height cover 5 is evenly distributed across the width, and therefore, along the channels of the grid 15.

 In the case of the presence of gas in the solution, the latter is discharged outside the working area via air ducts 6, 7. This ensures explosion safety in the area of operation of the vibrating sieve.

 The solution purified from large particles of sludge enters through the intake grid 19 into the gaps between the dividers 16 and the separation grid 15. The cleaned solution flows into the pan and then into the circulation system compartment, and the sludge creeps down along the lower surface of the channels of the mesh 15 or along the lower rollers 24, crumbles and goes to the dump.

 As the measurements showed, the moisture content of the sludge is reduced to 20-22%, and the speed of transportation of the sludge, measured on large particles of sand, is 1 m in 15-20 s.

Thus, the use of the sieve described above allowed:
- reduce dimensions and material consumption;
- reduce the power consumption of the drive;
- increase the cleaning efficiency;
- create comfortable and safe conditions for staff;
- reduce operating costs.

 This vibrating sieve can be used in the mining and oil industries, as well as in the agricultural sector, i.e. wherever it is necessary to separate solids from liquids or liquid solutions or to separate fine fractions from large ones.

Claims (3)

 1. A vibrating sieve containing a frame, a vibrator, a receiving manifold and a vibro-housing with a dividing grid mounted on the frame by means of springs installed in the vibro-housing with the formation of several V- or U-shaped channels, characterized in that the V- or U-shaped channels are placed dividers, while the side walls of the channels are located at an angle to the vertical plane, one of the walls of each channel is inclined at an angle exceeding the angle of inclination of the other channel wall, and at least part of the V- or U-shaped channels is made with symmetrical The walls of the channels are tilted relative to the vertical plane, the edges of the separation grid are fixed in the tension rollers and the separation grid is fixed relative to the vibrocasing with a reclining pressure frame, and the vibrocasing is mounted on the frame by four springs made in the form of a loop with free end sections fixed one on the frame and the other on the vibrocasing.  2. The vibration sieve according to claim 1, characterized in that the dividers are mounted with the possibility of vertical movement relative to the separation grid.  3. The vibration sieve according to claim 1, characterized in that a receiving grid is installed above the separation grid.

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