RU2162006C1 - Vibrating screen - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: cleaning various suspensions, emulsions and pulps from mechanical impurities. SUBSTANCE: screen includes frame, vibrator, receiving collector and vibrating housing with separating gauze mounted on frame by means of springs. Separating gauze is mounted in vibrating housing forming one or several V-shaped passage where splitters are located. Side walls of passages are located at angle relative to vertical plane; edges of separating gauze are secured in tension rolls and separating gauze is fixed relative to vibrating housing by means of hinged hold-down frame. Vibrating housing in mounted on frame by means of four springs made in form of loop with free end sections; one section is secured on frame and other section is secured on vibrating housing; loop of spring is fitted on roll mounted on frame. EFFECT: reduced power requirements, mass and overall dimensions; enhanced efficiency of cleaning the gauze in the course of operation of vibrating screen. 3 cl, 4 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of equipment for cleaning various suspensions, emulsions and pulps from mechanical impurities, in particular drilling fluids from particles of drill cuttings. In addition, it is possible to use a vibrating sieve for cleaning vegetable oils in their production, as well as for cleaning, calibration and drying of various seeds.

 A device for separating solid particles from a liquid is known, containing a vibro-housing with a mesh installed in it and a receiving manifold located above the vibro-housing (see US patent 3928207, CL B 01 D 35/20, publ. 23.12.75).

 This device allows you to separate solid impurities from the liquid. However, the use of a vibrator that produces vibration in one plane reduces the performance of this device.

 The closest to the invention in technical essence and the achieved result is a device for separating used drilling fluid - a vibrating sieve containing a frame, a vibrator, a receiving manifold and a vibrocasing with a dividing grid mounted on the frame by means of springs (see US patent 4911834, class B 01 D 35/20, published March 27, 90).

This vibrating sieve allows you to separate solid impurities from the drilling fluid, has one vibrating frame with a flat horizontal dividing grid. As a result, this leads to well-known disadvantages:
- significant material consumption,
- large dimensions and drive power,
- the complex design of the vibrating screen, which does not exclude resonant vibrations,
- the complex design of the tension of the mesh and cassettes with the nets, which leads to premature failure of the nets and reduce their cleaning ability.

 The problem to which the present invention is directed, is to reduce weight, overall dimensions, energy consumption, increase the cleaning efficiency of the mesh during the operation of the vibrating sieve, the ability to use a standard roll mesh and reduce operating costs.

 This problem is solved due to the fact that a vibrating sieve containing a frame, a vibrator, a receiving collector and a vibro-housing with a dividing grid mounted on the frame by means of springs, the latter is installed in the vibro-housing with the formation of one or more V- or U-shaped channels, in the latter dividers, while the side walls of the channels are located at an angle to the vertical plane, the edges of the separation grid are fixed in the tension rollers, and the separation grid is fixed relative to the vibrocasing ysya presser frame and vibrokorpus mounted to the frame by means of four springs, executed as a loop with the free end portions, one secured to the frame, and the other - to vibrokorpuse, wherein the hinge spring is fitted onto a roller mounted on the frame.

 Vibrating screen dividers can be installed with the possibility of vertical movement relative to the separation grid, and a receiving grid can be installed above the separation grid.

 As the studies showed, the use of cassettes with a flat filtering surface complicates the design of the sieve and significantly increases its cost and operating costs. In the described vibrating sieve, as a filtering surface - a separating mesh, a conventional standard factory-supplied roll mesh is used. Due to the formation of V- or U-shaped channels, the working part of the grid, through which the main part of the stream is filtered, is set at an angle to the vertical plane. As a result, the throughput with such a grid installation increases, since the filtered solution flows through an inclined filter surface and the self-weight of the solution and mechanical particles are directed almost parallel to the grid. When moving down, mechanical particles experience only slight side impacts, and the liquid phase of the solution additionally plays the role of a hydraulic damper. In addition, the filtering process flows through the holes formed by the projection of the cells on a horizontal plane. This process is enhanced by the oscillatory movements of the separation grid in the vertical plane, i.e. almost in pure form, in practice, the effect of self-cleaning of the mesh was carried out during the filtering process.

 Of significant importance is the design of the springs on which the vibration housing is mounted relative to the frame. The scheme of suspension of the vibro-housing on four springs in the form of a loop with free end sections fixed one on the frame and the other on the vibro-housing, proposed in the described construction, allowed both efficient cleaning of the solution and high speed of transportation and removal of sludge along the separation grid.

 The described design allows you to effectively adjust the operating mode of the vibrating sieve due to the fact that it provides for fixing the upper free end section of the spring on the sleeve, which is freely placed on the finger of the vibrocasing, and fixing the lower free end section of the spring in the grip, with which you can lift the lower branch or lower relative to the frame. Thus, a fine adjustment of the angle of inclination of the upper end portion of the spring is made, and, therefore, the ability to accurately set the position of the vibrocasing in space is achieved. Between the upper and lower end sections of the spring, a loop is made in the form of one or several turns, which is worn on a rubber roller mounted on a finger fixed relative to the frame. By adjusting the number of turns of the spring loop, you can achieve any desired cushioning effect in the right place and direction. As a result, changing the diameter of the rod from which the spring is made, the length and angle of inclination of the free end sections of the spring, introducing various depreciation elements into the spring configuration, allows you to control both the trajectory of the vibrocasing and the magnitude of the depreciation effect. Thus, a mechanism for controlling the operating mode of the vibrating sieve was created.

 As a result, the task of the invention was solved - reducing mass, overall dimensions, energy consumption, improving the cleaning efficiency of the mesh during the operation of the vibrating sieve.

 In FIG. 1 is a side view of a vibrating screen; FIG. 2 is a view A of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a section BB of FIG. 1, in FIG. 4 - various types of springs, on which the vibrocasing is mounted.

 The vibrating screen contains a frame 1, a receiving manifold 4 with a cover 5 mounted on top with air ducts 6 and 7 and a vibrocasing 2, which is mounted on four springs 3, made in the form of a loop with free end sections, fixed one on the frame 1, and the other on the vibrocasing 2 moreover, the spring is worn on the roller 27 mounted on the frame 1 by means of the finger 29. A pressure frame 8 with a beam and a plate 9 of the vibrator 10 is placed on the vibrocasing. Tension rollers 11 are placed on the side of the vibrocasing 2 to fix the edges of the mesh 15, which are rigidly connected with washers 12 n The necessary position of which can be fixed with screws that, with their smooth ends, enter the hole of the lock washer 14. A separation grid 15 is installed in the vibrocasing with the formation of one or more V- or U-shaped channels and in the latter there are placed dividers 16, the vertical position of which is regulated by screws 17 located in the beam 18. The latter simultaneously serves as a support for the receiving grid 19. The channels formed by the grid 15 can be located at an angle to the horizontal axis.

 Support strips 20 are placed on the upper part of the side walls of the vibrocasing 2, into the recesses of which are the rollers 21 of the reclining clamping frame 8, which is fixed by folding screw ties 22.

 Between the rear and front walls of the vibrocasing 2 there are upper 23 and lower 24 rollers. The length of the upper rollers 23 is equal to the width of the separation grid 15. The upper rollers 23 are located between the rear wall and the upper part 25 of the front wall. The lower rollers 24 are longer than the upper rollers 23 and are located between the rear wall and the lower portion 26 of the front wall. Due to this, between the separation grid 15 and the lower part 26 of the front wall of the vibrocasing 2, a gap is formed through which the sludge is dumped into the dump.

 Four springs 3 provide the ability to work with one vibrator 10. The upper free end section of the spring 3 is fixed by a sleeve 30, which is freely placed on the finger of the vibrocasing 2. The lower free end section of the spring 3 is mounted in the gripper 28, with which you can raise and lower the lower branch , i.e. it is possible to fine-tune the angle of inclination of the upper free end section of the spring 3 and, therefore, to achieve the necessary position of the vibrocasing 2 relative to the frame 1. Between the upper and lower free end sections of the spring 3 can be made one or several turns are made - spring loop 3. Possible implementation loops in half a turn of the spring 3. The loop of the spring 3 is worn on the rubber roller 27, which is mounted on the finger 29 of the frame 1. Additional turns of the loop of the spring 3 may be necessary to enhance the shock absorption effect in the right direction. Possible embodiments of the spring 3 are shown in FIG. 4. Thus, changing the configuration of the spring, the cross section of the spring, for example, the diameter of the spring rod, the length and angle of inclination of the free end sections of the spring 3, performing on the free end sections of the spring 3 various damping elements (various types of bends or loops - see Fig. 4 ) it is possible to achieve the ability to control the trajectory of the vibrocasing 2 and the magnitude of the depreciation effect of the spring 3.

 As noted above, with the help of the separation grid 15, channels of a V-shaped or U-shaped in cross section are created. Installation of the grid is as follows. As a filtering surface, a conventional roll mesh with a length of 2-3 refills is used. The ends of the separation grid 15 are evenly cut and doubled along the weft wire. The winding should be 25-30 mm. After that, one end of the mesh is inserted into the slot 13 of one of the tension rollers 11 and its position is fixed with countersunk screws. The second end of the net 15 is carefully guided around the upper 23 and lower 24 rollers and also secured in the slots of the second tension roller 11. (In the case of V-shaped channels, one lower roller 24 can be below) Rotating one or both of the tension rollers 11 release the tension mesh 15. After this, by turning the screw of the tension cylinder 31, the axis of rotation of the pressure frame 8 is raised until the lower edge of the pressure roller 21 is slightly higher than the upper edge of the support plate 20. The pressure frame 8 is lowered onto drawn separation grid 15, tuck in the hinged screws 22 and tightening the latter produce the final tension of the grid 15. If necessary, adjust the gap between the dividers 16 and the grid 15.

 If necessary, adjust the angle of inclination of the vibrator 10 by turning the base plate 9.

 Vibrating sieve works as follows.

 Turn on the vibrator 10 and the solution, for example, drilling fluid from the well, through the intake manifold 4 enters the intake grid 19, where the primary cleaning of the solution from large particles of sludge that are discharged into the channels of the grid 15 outside the dividers 16. In addition, the solution due to the limited height cover 5 is evenly distributed across the width, and, therefore, along the channels of the grid 15.

 In the case of the presence of gas in the solution, the latter is discharged outside the working area by air vents 6, 7. This ensures explosion safety in the area of operation of the vibrating sieve.

 The solution purified from large particles of sludge enters through the intake grid 19 into the gaps between the dividers 16 and the separation grid 15. The purified solution flows into the pan and then into the circulation system compartment, and the sludge slides down along the lower surface of the channels of the grid 15, crumbles and goes to the dump.

 As shown by measurements, the moisture content of the sludge is reduced to 20-22%. The sludge transport speed, measured on large particles of sand, is 1 m in 15-20 s.

Thus, the use of the sieve described above allowed:
- reduce the mass of the sieve;
- reduce dimensions and material consumption;
- reduce the installed and consumed power of the drive;
- increase the cleaning efficiency;
- create comfortable and safe conditions for staff;
- reduce operating costs.

 This vibrating sieve can be used in the mining and oil industries, as well as in the agricultural sector, i.e. wherever it is necessary to separate solids from liquids or liquid solutions.

Claims (3)

 1. A vibrating sieve containing a frame, a vibrator, a receiving collector and a vibrocasing with a dividing grid mounted on the frame by means of springs, characterized in that the dividing grid is installed in the vibrating housing with the formation of one or more V- or U-shaped channels, in the latter are placed dividers, wherein the side walls of the channels are located at an angle to the vertical plane, the edges of the separation grid are fixed in the tension rollers, and the separation grid is fixed relative to the vibrocasing of the reclining clamp th frame, and vibrokorpus mounted to the frame by means of four springs, executed as a loop with the free end portions, one secured to the frame, and the other - to vibrokorpuse, wherein the hinge spring is fitted onto a roller mounted on the frame.  2. The vibration sieve according to claim 1, characterized in that the dividers are mounted with the possibility of vertical movement relative to the separation grid.  3. The vibration sieve according to claim 1, characterized in that a receiving grid is installed above the separation grid.

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