RU2172298C1 - Apparatus for purifying electroplating chemical production waste waters - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: waste water purifying equipment used in electroplating industry and nonferrous metallurgy. SUBSTANCE: apparatus has housing formed of two fixed vertical cylindrical axially aligned vessels, and tangential water inlet branch pipes. Inner drain pipe for discharging purified water is equipped with flared pipe and grid and is arranged centrally of housing. Inner drain pipe is connected to outer drain pipe. Pulsating chamber is formed as truncated cone with larger base disposed on perforated housing side wall. Several pulsating chambers are extending in horizontal axes of housing. Construction of apparatus allows heavy metal cations and anions to be effectively removed from waste water. EFFECT: enhanced reliability in operation and reduced production costs. 3 cl, 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to a device for the treatment of industrial wastewater and can be used for the treatment of galvanic, metallurgical, chemical effluents from various contaminants, for example, non-ferrous and heavy metal impurities, halides, cyanides, as well as oil and oil impurities.

 A device in the form of a vertical cylindrical column with a filler, nozzles for the input and output of drains and air. The column body is rigidly fixed on a platform mounted on supports with the possibility of oscillatory movements, the platform is equipped with an electric motor, a rod with a load placed on it is rigidly fixed to the shaft of the electric motor perpendicular to its axis [1].

 A device that operates in a pulsating mode and consisting of a cylindrical body located vertically, a pulsating chamber, a filler layer located between the lower and upper restrictive gratings and equipped with vertical inserts in the form of corrugated stripes [2,3].

 The galvanocoagulator [2] is the closest to the claimed in the aggregate of essential features and is adopted as a prototype.

 A necessary condition for the efficient implementation of the wastewater treatment process using the galvanochemical treatment method is the mixing factor of the galvanic couple elements. In the process of mixing the components of the galvanic pair, which differ in their physical and mechanical parameters, the filler components will delaminate, which will lead to a decrease in cleaning, since the effect of a short-circuited galvanic pair is observed only in direct contact between the elements. To optimize the aeration conditions of the treated runoff, it is necessary to strive to reduce the diameter of air bubbles.

 The process of wastewater treatment by galvanochemical treatment is mass transfer; significant factors affecting its intensity (efficiency) include the nature of the hydrodynamic situation at the interface: filler (solid phase) - treated solution (liquid phase).

 One of the most radical methods to overcome the limiting effect of the diffusion barrier is the creation of an unsteady hydrodynamic situation at the phase boundary, for example, using pulsations of the processed fluid flow.

 The purpose and technical result of the invention is to reduce costs and increase the efficiency of cleaning CB from cations of heavy metals and anions.

 The technical result in the device for treating industrial wastewater is achieved by the fact that the wastewater interacts with the galvanic couple in a centrifugal field, lateral pulsations are periodically applied to the wall layer of the galvanic couple.

 Distinctive features of the prototype of the claimed device: a device for perfect displacement is proposed, the cleaning is practically unlimited; the device body is made in the form of two vertical fixed cylindrical coaxial containers; wastewater flows along tangential guides on different sides of the tank casing in its lower and upper parts at different heights; they are located towards each other; the pulsation chamber is made in the form of a truncated cone, in which a large base is attached to the perforated side wall of the cylinder body, while the diameter of the holes of the perforated wall decreases in the vertical direction; lateral pulsations are applied to the galvanic couple wall layer.

The disadvantages of the known device are
1. The internal placement of the pulsation chamber with a volume of from 0.1 to 0.4 from the total device reduces the total useful volume of the device by the indicated shares, respectively.

 2. The implementation of the pulsation chamber in the form of a truncated cone, in which the large base is located at the level of the upper filler layer is not rational, because the volume of the galvanic couple in the upper part is reduced, which leads to a decrease in the efficiency of the galvanochemical cleaning process by increasing the flow rate and reducing contact solution with galvanic pair. Possible jamming of the movement of the galvanic couple.

 3. The placement in the layer of filler parallel to the axis of the body of the inserts in the form of corrugated stripes complicates the process of creating at the stage of loading and unloading nozzles.

 4. The frequency of passage of the flow of treated wastewater through the filler due to the need to create excessive air pressure in the pulsation chamber, as a result of which the supply line of the cleaned liquid is locked.

 5. Insufficient cleaning efficiency due to the gradual passivation of the surface of the filler particles between the moments of shaking the latter and the formation of separate streams of the treated wastewater stream in the filler layer due to the creation of excess air pressure in the pulsation chamber and loosening of the filler.

 The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows a device for galvanochemical wastewater treatment, consisting of a housing 1 in the form of two vertical fixed cylindrical coaxial tanks, equipped with inlet pipes 2, an internal drain pipe 3 with a restrictive grill 4 and a socket 5 located in the center and connected to a drain pipe located in the center of the housing cover, a pulsation chamber 6, a filler made of dispersed material of an galvanic couple 7, an ejector 8, hatches 9 and 10 for loading and unloading the galvanic Ry.

 The device operates as follows.

 The medium to be treated (the solution of the liquid being cleaned) is supplied to the tank 1 under pressure through the inlet nozzles 2, which are installed tangentially on different sides of the tank body in its lower and upper parts at different heights to create flow rotation in opposite directions, fills the internal volume of the galvanochemical treatment device and interacts with the filler 7. Through the ejector 8, air is supplied to the system through a bypass line between the suction and pressure pipes of the centrifugal pump (not shown in the drawing), thanks which effect is enhanced galvanochemical cleaning solution from the impurities contained in it, due to the high air velocity of dissolution in water.

 In the pulsation chamber, made in the form of a truncated cone, in which a larger base is attached to the perforated side wall of the cylinder body, while the diameter of the holes of the perforated wall decreases in the vertical direction, overpressure is periodically generated at a certain frequency (0.25-2.5 Hz) supplying compressed air at a pressure of 0.07 MPa, under the action of which part of the liquid is expelled from the pulsation chamber 6 and, distributed between the pulsation chamber and the perforated shell of the housing 1 periodically it near-wall galvanic pair, loosens (squeezes) filler 7, moving it to the center and then in the vertical direction, causing the destruction of possible agglomerates of filler particles. The pulsating effects imposed on the flow of the processed fluid (industrial runoff) also perform the task of mixing the filler particles, preventing their cementation. The intensity of mixing is determined by the product of the pulsation frequency by its amplitude. The higher the concentration of impurities in wastewater, the greater the intensity of mixing.

 When removing excess pressure in the chamber 6, the fluid flow rushes from the annular space inside the containers 1 into the chamber 6, entraining the particles of the filler 7 in the opposite direction. The pulsation chamber simultaneously saturates the wastewater in the housing with dispersed air, since the diameter of the holes of the perforated wall decreases in the vertical direction. As a result of such vibrations and collisions of the particles of the filler 7, the diffusion boundary layer is continuously updated on the surface of the galvanic couple particles, thereby increasing the efficiency of mass transfer processes between solid and liquid phases, and, therefore, increasing the cleaning efficiency. Pulsation chambers are placed along the horizontal axes of the housing. Their number is set depending on the performance of the device.

 Purified water together with metal hydroxides is discharged from the device through an internal drain pipe 3 with a restriction grill at the lower end 4 and a socket 5 located in the center of the housing and connected to a drain pipe located in the center of the housing cover.

 The main force acting in the device is the centrifugal inertia force arising from the rotation of the solution due to the tangential feed of the initial solution and axial unloading of the products. Under the action of centrifugal force, the components of the galvanic couple are discarded to the inner wall of the device body, the particles come into contact with each other, the solution passes the filler with the galvanic couple 7 and is discharged from the tank.

 The loading of the galvanic couple is carried out through the hatch 9, and unloading through the hatch with a handle 10.

 The use of a gas distribution unit improves the efficiency of the cleaning process, as provides the ability to conduct mass transfer processes of galvanochemical purification in the presence of oxygen.

 Due to the fact that in the claimed device there are no movable mechanical elements, energy consumption during its operation is minimal. The utilization rate of the apparatus volume turns out to be equal to 1 in the claimed device, since the pulsation chamber is carried out outside the housing 1.

 The proposed technical solution meets the criteria of industrial applicability, novelty and inventive step. The inventive device having high efficiency and efficiency of wastewater treatment will be industrially applicable.

Sources of information
1. RF patent N 2130433 C1, 05.20.1999.

 2. RF patent N 2079440 C1, 05.20.1997.

 3. RF patent N 2111175 C1, 05.20. 1998.

Claims (3)

 1. Device for galvanochemical wastewater treatment, containing a tank filled with galvanomass, with nozzles for supplying wastewater, discharging treated water, supplying galvanic couples and removing sludge and a pulsation chamber, characterized in that the housing is made in the form of two vertical fixed cylindrical coaxial tanks, nozzles waste water supply are located along tangential rails on different sides of the housing in its lower and upper parts, an internal drain pipe for discharging waste water with a grill and Strube is centrally disposed housing and connected to the drain pipe disposed at the center of the casing cover and the side pulsation chamber is attached to the perforated wall of the housing, wherein the apparatus is further provided with an ejector.  2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the pulsation chamber is made in the form of a truncated cone, in which a larger base is located on the perforated side wall of the housing.  3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing contains several pulsation chambers placed along its horizontal axes.