RU2171425C1 - Heating device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heat power engineering, in particular, devices for burning of solid fuel, the heating device may be used in water heating and hot water-supply systems of individual dwellings, greenhouses and other accessory structures. SUBSTANCE: the external pipe of the loading chamber in the heating device is taper-shaped in height, which makes it possible to match the conduit for air feed to the combustion chamber and the diffuser that prevents the outlet of gases to the heated room. The air feed is controlled by dampers located on the upper base of the device between the internal and external taper pipes and the controllable damper to be found on the door of the device lower base. The upper and lower bases with the loading chamber and the heat exchanger with the heat- insulating casing are made detachable, i. e. they re interconnected by bolts with a gasket. EFFECT: simplified construction. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to a power system, and in particular to devices for heating coolants, for example water, and can be used in water heating and hot water supply systems for individual, residential premises, greenhouses and other similar structures.

 Known devices containing a heat exchanger, a furnace with a loading chamber and a combustion chamber, with access to the chimney, external and internal pipes installed with a gap in relation to each other. These structures do not provide for regulation of the air supply to the combustion chamber during operation of the device, as well as the possible release of gases into the room and there is no thermal insulation of the heat exchanger (see US N 4836115, class F 23 B 7/00, 1989).

 There is a device design that allows you to partially solve these disadvantages. So, to supply air to the combustion chamber, nozzles are used in the upper part of the device, equipped with control flaps, and a diffuser is installed in the loading chamber to prevent the emission of gases into the room. Thermal insulation of the heat exchanger is also provided (see RU N 2044217, class F 23 B 7/00, publ. 1995).

 In the proposed design, the outer pipe of the combustion chamber is made conical around the entire perimeter and height, which allows you to combine the air supply channel to the combustion chamber and the diffuser to prevent the exit of gases into the room. This allows you to significantly simplify the design, while maintaining the adjustment of the air supply due to dampers located on the upper base of the device between the inner and outer conical pipe and the shutter on the door.

 All previous device designs are all-welded. In the proposed design, the upper and lower base with a loading chamber and a heat exchanger with a heat-insulating casing are detachable, that is, they are interconnected by bolts with a gasket. This allows the entire structure to be repairable.

 The device consists of three nodes, this is the upper and lower bases and a heat exchanger with a heat-insulating casing.

 The upper base comprises a cover 1, holes 2 with shutters, an inner 3 and an outer pipe 3.4 of the loading chamber 5.

 The lower base consists of a grate 6, a door 7 provided with an adjustable shutter 8, and a combustion chamber 9.

 The heat exchanger consists of an inner 10 and an outer wall, nozzles 11 and 12 for cold water inlet and hot outlet, as well as a chimney 13 and a door 14 for igniting the fuel. The heat exchanger is closed by a casing 15. The upper and lower bases are connected to the heat exchanger via a flange connection through gaskets 16. The outer tube 4 of the loading chamber 5 is conical throughout its height.

 The heating device operates as follows.

 Through the pipe 11 serves water in the heat exchanger.

 With the lid 1 closed, doors 7 and 14 are opened.

 For ignition, a small amount of flammable fuel is placed on the grate in the combustion chamber. After burning becomes stable, doors 7 and 14 are closed. The lid 1 is opened and the required amount of solid fuel is loaded into the chamber 9, after which the lid 1 is closed until the next portion of fuel. Hot gases from the combustion chamber 9 enter the chimney 13, contacting the inner wall 10 of the heat exchanger and heat the water in it. The combustion process is supported by the flow of air into the combustion chamber 9 through openings 2 with shutters. In case of insufficient combustion process, the device provides an additionally regulated air supply with the help of the shutter 8 located on the door 7.

 The following types of fuel can be used in the heating device: small-lumped or crushed coal, peat, shale, wood chips, chopped firewood, shavings, sawdust, combustible agricultural waste, peat briquettes, etc.

Claims (1)

 A heating device comprising a heat exchanger with a heat-insulating casing, an external and internal pipe of the loading chamber and a combustion chamber connected to the chimney, as well as openings for supplying air, characterized in that it further comprises an upper and lower base, with openings for supplying air in the upper base, the lower base has a door for supplying additional air, equipped with an adjustable damper, the upper and lower bases are fastened to the heat exchanger by means of a detachable connection ny, and the outer tube of the loading chamber is made conical over its entire height.