RU2166368C2 - Multiple-stage grinder - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: grinding equipment. SUBSTANCE: grinder has hopper, housing with charging and discharge openings, rotor with shaft and accelerating disks put onto shaft, decks arranged concentrically and in opposed relation to accelerating disks, separators, and conical tilt boards. Hammers are pivotally secured to accelerating disks. Upper and lower separators are mounted so that they adjoin deck end surfaces. Conical tilt boards are attached with their large ends to deck of previous step and with their small end to upper separator of subsequent step. EFFECT: simplified construction and reduced power consumption. 3 cl, 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to devices for grinding materials and can be used mainly for grinding grain.

 A device for grinding grain containing a hopper, a housing with loading and unloading holes, a rotor consisting of a shaft with acceleration discs mounted on it, separators concentrically mounted against acceleration discs, separators (RU 1731273, class B 02 С 13/14, 05/07/92 )

 In this device, there is over-grinding of the material, since the product separated at any stage, sequentially enters the separators of the next stages, passes the area near the decks, where it is exposed to material coming from the accelerating disks.

 The closest invention is a multi-stage crusher containing a hopper, a housing with loading and unloading holes, a rotor consisting of a shaft with accelerating disks mounted on it, decks mounted separators concentrically against the accelerating disks and conical ramped surfaces (RU 2063807, class В 02 С 13/14, 07.20.96).

 The disadvantages of this design include the presence of an axial fan with adjusting dampers, which, ultimately, complicates the design and increases energy consumption.

 The objective of the invention is to reduce the energy intensity of the process.

 The technical result is a reduction in the energy intensity of the process by changing the design of the device.

 The technical result is achieved by the fact that hammers are pivotally mounted on the accelerating disks, the upper and lower separators are mounted on the decks and adjoin to them from the end surfaces, and the conical pitched surfaces are attached with a large base to the deck of the previous stage, and a smaller base to the upper separator of the next stage.

 The drawing shows a diagram of a multi-stage crusher.

 A multi-stage crusher consists of a housing 1 having a loading 2 and a discharge 3 holes. A hopper 4 is installed against the loading hole 2. In the housing 1, a rotor 5 is mounted, consisting of a shaft 6 with acceleration disks 7 mounted on it. The number of acceleration disks corresponds to the number of grinding stages. Hammers are pivotally mounted on each accelerating disk 7. Decks 9 are mounted concentrically against the accelerating disks 7. The upper 10 and lower 11 separators, for example, louvres or in the form of screening sieves, are installed on both sides of the accelerating disks 7 on the decks and are adjacent to the decks 9 s end surfaces. The conical pitched surfaces 12 are attached with a large base to the baffle deck 9 of the previous stage, and with a smaller base to the upper separator 10 of the next stage. A lock gate 13 is installed in the discharge opening 3, a filter 14 is mounted in the upper part of the housing 1.

 Multistage crusher works as follows. The material to be crushed is contained in the hopper 4 and by gravity through the loading hole 2 of the housing 1 enters the central part of the accelerating disk 7 of the first grinding stage. The rotor 5 is driven into rotation through the shaft 6. Together with the shaft 6, the accelerating disks 7 rotate together with the hammers 8. The material trapped on the accelerating disc 7 moves in the radial direction under the action of centrifugal forces. When meeting with hammers 8, a primary blow occurs and grinding begins. Once in the inter-hammer space, the partially crushed material is additionally accelerated and hits the deck 9. The material particles that have bounced off the deck 9 are subjected to subsequent blows of the hammer 8 “fly in”. When the material interacts with the deck 9 and the hammers 8, it is intensively crushed due to elastic impacts, chipping and abrasion. In the crushing chamber in suspension, grinding products are accumulated. The upward air flow generated by the accelerating disks 7 with hammers 8, the finished product through the upper separator 10 is discharged into the internal cavity of the housing 1. The lower separator 11 removes large particles from the crushing chamber of the first stage. Once on the conical pitched surface 12, the coarse fraction is additionally blown up by the ascending air flow and enters the central part of the accelerating disk 7 of the second grinding stage, and the process similar to the first stage is repeated: acceleration of the material, hammer blows, deck, chipping and abrasion. The finished product is discharged from the crushing chamber of the second stage through the upper separator 10, large particles enter through the lower separator 11 and the conical pitched surface 12 of the second stage to the central part of the accelerating disk 7 of the third stage. The grinding process is repeated. The finished product is deposited in the internal volume of the housing 1, is lowered into its lower part under the influence of gravity and through the discharge opening 3 is brought out through the lock gate 13. Through the filter 14 from the precipitation chamber of the housing 1 the excess air volume is discharged.

 The use of a multistage crusher allows to obtain high-quality grinding of grain with minimal energy consumption.

Claims (3)

 1. A multi-stage crusher containing a hopper, a housing with loading and unloading openings, a rotor consisting of a shaft with accelerating disks mounted on it, decks mounted concentrically against the accelerating disks, separators and conical ramped surfaces, with hammers pivotally mounted on the accelerating disks, upper and the lower separators are mounted on the decks and adjoin them from the end surfaces, and the conical pitched surfaces are attached with a large base to the deck of the previous stage, and a smaller base to the upper separator to the next stage.  2. The multi-stage crusher according to claim 1, containing separators, which are made in the form of screening sieves.  3. The multi-stage crusher according to claim 1, containing separators that are made of louvres.