RU2152702C1 - Tillage tool - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering. SUBSTANCE: tillage tool has cutting disks positioned at an angle to horizontal plane and fixed on shafts secured to frame. Cutting disks are arranged in succession so that front disks overlap subsequent disks, in spaced relation to them. Tillage tool is further provided with chisel-type working tool disposed between front disks, at disk line intersection zone, and batteries of toothed rippers. Toothed rippers are arranged behind cutting disks in parallel with horizontal plane, at the level of coming off soil layer. Rippers are equipped with disks of different sizes which are arranged in alternation. Tillage tool of such construction may be used for subsoil tillage. EFFECT: reduced power consumption of soil tillage process and increased soil crumbling extent. 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to implements for subsurface tillage.

 Also known is a combined tillage implement (SU 760904 A, 09/07/1980), which includes a frame with flat-cutting legs mounted on it, made in the form of passive disks and placed sequentially with overlapping front followers and with a gap.

 The closest analogue to the proposed one is a tillage implement containing at least one pair of cutting blades located in the horizontal plane at an angle to the direction of movement and made in the form of cutting disks attached to shafts to the frame and a battery of cultivators (SU 664589 A, 30.05. 1979).

 Common disadvantages of the known tools are the high energy intensity of the processing process and the insufficient quality of crumbling soil along the width of the capture.

 EFFECT: reduced energy intensity of the processing process and increased degree of crumbling of the soil.

 This is achieved by the fact that in a tillage implement containing at least one pair of cutting blades located in a horizontal plane at an angle to the direction of movement and made in the form of cutting disks attached to the shafts to the frame, and batteries of cultivators, cutting disks are installed at an angle to horizontal plane, placed sequentially, with overlapping front subsequent ones and with a gap between them. In addition, the tillage implement is equipped with a chisel working body located between the front discs at the intersection of the lines of their placement. Ripper batteries are mounted behind the cutting disks in parallel to the horizontal plane, at the level of the gathering of the soil formation and have gear disks of different diameters, alternating between themselves so that the gear disks of a larger diameter are located in the transition zone of the soil formation from one disk to another. In this case, the tool has circular knives that are located in front of the extreme cutting disks at the joints of their cutting edges.

 In FIG. 1 shows a tillage implement, top view; FIG. 2 is a view along arrow A in FIG. 1; figure 3 is a section along BB in fig. 1.

 The tillage implement comprises a frame 1 with an attachment 2 and supporting, height-adjustable wheels 3.

 On the frame 1 with the help of rolling bearing housings 4 on the shafts 5, the cutting discs 6 are fixed. They form an angle ε with a horizontal plane and are placed in series, with the front ones following overlapping “e”, and with a “c” clearance. The cutting edges of all discs 6 taken together form cutting blades located at an angle α to the direction of travel.

 Between the front disks 6, at the intersection of the lines 7 of their placement, there is a chisel tool 8. In the rear part of the frame 1 behind the cutting disks 6, parallel to the horizontal plane, the batteries of the cultivators 10 are mounted on the bearings 9. They are equipped with gear disks 11 of different diameters, alternating between each other.

 In front of the extreme cutting discs 6 at the joints of the cutting edges are located disk knives 12.

 Tillage tool works as follows.

 When the gun passes through the field, the chisel working body 8 conducts a vertical section of the soil and loosening it to the width of the paw. At the same time, it works under conditions of blocked cutting, creating lighter working conditions for the cutting discs. Due to the fact that the width of the paws of the chisel organ compared with the width of the grip of the tillage implement is small, the traction resistance of such an organ will be relatively small. The rear cutting discs 6 cut the seams in a horizontal plane, and the circular knives 12 in a vertical one, forming the implement’s working width and reducing energy consumption by eliminating the separation of the seam by the extreme disks 6. Under the influence of the cutting disks 6, the soil layer rises along its working surface. During movement, the formation partially crumbles along the lines of weak bonds. During operation, the cutting discs 6 rotate due to the difference in the pressure of the formation against their blade and the working surface, thereby providing sliding cutting, which is the most economical, thereby contributing to a decrease in traction resistance. The rotation of the front discs 6 is provided due to the fact that they partially go on the soil loosened by the chisel organ 8. The rotation of the remaining cutting discs 6 is ensured by their placement with overlapping "e".

 The decrease in traction resistance is also facilitated by the fact that all cutting discs 6, in contrast to the prototype, operate under semi-blocked cutting conditions.

 The soil layer descending from the working surface of the cutting disks 6 falls onto the battery of cultivators 10. Under the pressure of the formation, the batteries of cultivators 10 rotate on bearings 9. When interacting with gear disks 11, the soil layer is crushed, erosion-hazardous soil particles are sifted to the bottom of the furrow between the teeth of the disks 11 when moving over them. Further crumbling of the soil occurs when the formation falls on an open furrow.

 Due to the installation of batteries of cultivators 10 behind the cutting discs 6 on the soil surface there are no gaps and ditches from the chisel organ stand 8 and from the shafts of the cutting discs.

 The diameter of the gear discs 11 is different. In the zone of transition of the soil layer from one disk 6 to another, the named diameter has large values. Toothed disks 11 of larger and smaller diameters alternate with each other. This contributes to the self-cleaning of the disks 11 due to the difference in their peripheral rates of impact on the formation and increase the degree of crumbling of the soil.

 Thus, the proposed tillage tool allows you to process various types of soils with a higher degree of crumbling soil with less energy.

Claims (1)

 Tillage tool containing at least one pair of cutting blades located in a horizontal plane at an angle to the direction of movement and made in the form of cutting disks attached to shafts to the frame and located behind the cutting disks parallel to the horizontal plane of the battery of cultivators, characterized in that the tool is equipped with circular knives located in front of the extreme cutting disks at the joints of their cutting edges, while the cutting disks are installed at an angle to the horizontal plane, the next chisel working body is located at the intersection of the front followers and with a gap between them, and between the middle cutting disks at the intersection of their placement lines, and the batteries of the rippers are installed at the level of the formation from the cutting disks and have gear disks of different diameters, alternating so that gear discs of larger diameter are located in the zone of transition of the formation from one disk to another.

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