RU2142315C1 - Device for water purification and clarification - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: reagent purification of sewage and natural water. SUBSTANCE: the device has a casing made in the form of a hollow cylinder, whose lower end is connected to a tapered slime comparator, clarification chamber concentrically positioned in the casing in the form of a truncated cone expanding upwards, and a flocculation chamber placed in it in the form of a cylinder with a conical funnel in the lower part, and partitions some of which are installed tangentionally at the outlet from the funnel, and the others are uniformly arranged inside the chamber across the flow. A cylindrical reaction chamber is installed inside the flocculation chamber. The clarification chamber and the slime comparator are furnished with pipe-lines for discharge of clarified water. EFFECT: enhanced uniformity and stability of the suspended sediment layer maintained due to pressure differential in the clarification chamber and slime comparator produced by separating pipe-lines for discharge of clarified water. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to devices for reagent wastewater treatment of industrial enterprises, natural water treatment for drinking water supply.

 A device [1] is known, consisting of a housing, a reaction chamber, a sludge compactor, sludge discharge pipes, a clarification chamber, nodes supplying purified water, reagents, and a clarified water drain collector. The device does not have a flocculation chamber, the reaction chamber is small, which leads to the fact that due to the short reaction time and the formation of sludge, the required cleaning quality is not achieved, and at low productivity the installation has large dimensions (I.E. Apeltsin Clarifier water treatment in water flooding of oil wells. Water supply and sanitary equipment, 1956, N 6).

 The closest in technical essence is a clarifier [2]. The device comprises a housing, a source of input water with an air separator and a distribution funnel, a reagent supply device, a sludge compactor with sludge-receiving windows and pipes and a collector for collecting clarified water, a reaction and clarification chamber in which water is mixed with reagents and undergo chemical reactions. The clarification chamber is equipped with mixing partitions. The clarified water from the chamber is diverted to the clarified water receiving box (Yu. M. Kostrikin, A. N Meshchersky, OV Korovina Water treatment and water regime of low and medium pressure power facilities. / Handbook. M: Energoatomizdat, 1990).

 The specified device has the following disadvantages.

 1. The collectors that discharge clarified water from the sludge compactor and the clarification chamber are not separated. This does not allow to regulate the intensity of sediment removal from the clarification chamber to the sludge compactor and to maintain a uniform density of the suspended sediment layer, which determines the stability of water clarification and, accordingly, the quality of water treatment.

 2. The device does not have a separate unit that provides flocculation. Due to this, there is no growth of sediment flakes, which is carried out in clarified water, which reduces the quality of treatment.

 3. The mixing partitions of the clarification chamber dampen the rotational movement of the flow, which allows to increase the residence time of water in the clarifier and to improve the quality of cleaning. In addition, the mixing partitions break the resulting flakes and degrade the quality of the clarification.

 The aim of the present invention is to improve the quality of cleaning and clarification while reducing the specific dimensions of the installation. The technical result achieved by the invention is to create a uniform and stable suspended sediment layer maintained by the pressure differential in the clarification chamber and sludge seal created by separate clarified water pipes and equipped with control valves, as well as to increase the residence time of the water in the installation by creating a rotational movement of the flow of water. The indicated result is achieved in that the device including the housing, the reaction and clarification chamber, the source of water input, the reagent input unit, a conical sludge compactor with sludge pipes, the clarified water removal unit is provided with a body made in the form of a hollow cylinder, the lower end of which is connected to sludge compactor. The housing comprises a clarification chamber concentrically arranged in one another in the form of a truncated cone expanding upwards, a flocculation chamber in the form of a cylinder with a conical bell and a cylindrical reaction chamber. At the exit from the conical bell of the flocculation chamber, partitions were tangentially installed. In addition, partitions are installed inside the chamber evenly across the entire surface across the flow of purified water. The clarification chamber and sludge compactor are equipped with separate discharge pipes from the clarified water device.

 A diagram of the proposed device is presented in the drawing. In the center of the cylindrical body (1) there is a reaction chamber (2) with feed water supply units (3) and reagents (4). Around the reaction chamber is located flocculation chamber (5), made in the form of a cylinder with a conical bell in the lower part. In the flocculation chamber, partitions (6) are installed, for example horizontal, defining a wavy direction of movement of the water flow. In the lower part of the flocculation chamber, tangentially directed partitions (7) are placed, for example, vertical ones providing rotational movement of water at the outlet of the flocculation chamber. The lower end of the casing is connected to a conical sludge seal (8), which is connected to the clarification chamber (9) by sludge pipes (10) and hatches (11), which allow for the distributed removal of sediment from the clarification zone. The clarification chamber is made in the form of a truncated cone expanding upward. Purified water is collected in the clarified water pipeline (12) located in the upper part of the device. The clarified water from the sludge compactor is discharged through pipelines (13) equipped with control valves (14). Sludge is removed from the sludge compactor in its lower part via a pipeline (15).

 The device operates as follows. Wastewater is supplied to the bottom of the reaction chamber (2) by a pipeline (3), the outlet of which is directed along the generatrix surface of the cylinder of the reaction chamber, which creates a rotational movement of the water flow. A reagent input unit (4) is connected to the outlet cross section of the source water pipeline, which ensures reagent suction due to the formation of a small vacuum and almost instantaneous mixing of the reagents with the source water. When water rises up, air and gases are released from it, which can be formed during various reactions that take place after the introduction of the reagents. The removal of air and gases eliminates the effect of flotation of the suspended layer. The residence time of water in the reaction chamber is determined by calculation or trial laboratory tests and can vary from 3 to 7 minutes.

 In the upper part of the reaction chamber (2) there are openings (16) through which the purified water flows at low speed into the cloisonne chamber of flocculation (5). The geometrical dimensions of the flocculation chamber are designed in such a way that the speed of the purified water gradually decreases to the bottom of the chamber. The time spent in the flocculation chamber is 5-10 minutes.

 Guide baffles (7) are mounted in the lower part of the flocculation chamber, which are located tangentially with respect to the casing of the flocculation chamber, which allows, without destroying the sediment flakes, to create a rotational movement of water in the clarification chamber (9), ensuring uniform sediment concentration in the entire volume. A clarified sediment layer is created in the clarification chamber (9), which serves as a filter for fine sediment particles and dissolved impurities. The thickness of the sediment layer is kept constant at 1.7-2.0 m due to the shape of the clarification chamber - a cone expanding upwards, which provides a gradual decrease in the rate of water rise. The clarified water is collected in the clarified water pipeline (12).

 Sediment from the clarification chamber (9) is discharged through the sludge pipes (10) and hatches (11) into the sludge compactor (8). The clarified water from the sludge compactor is discharged through pipelines (13) equipped with control valves (14). Separate discharge of clarified water from the clarification chamber and sludge compactor and its adjustment allows you to change the pressure drop in any part of the clarification chamber and sludge compactor and, accordingly, reduce or increase the discharge of sediment. This, in turn, allows maintaining a constant density of sediment in the suspended layer of the clarification chamber, and, ultimately, ensures high quality water treatment.

 Excess sludge is discharged forcibly from the sludge compactor (8) and can be carried out periodically or continuously depending on the selected technological mode of wastewater treatment.

The testing of the device was carried out during the cleaning of the mixed runoff of the galvanic shop with a feed water capacity of 38 m ³ / h and a diameter of 3.2 m. made according to the principle adopted in the prototype, this indicator was at least 5 mg / L.

Claims (1)

 A device for cleaning and clarifying water, including a source of input water, a node for introducing reagents, a housing, a chamber for reaction and clarification, a unit for removing clarified water, a conical sludge sealer with sludge pipes, characterized in that the body is made in the form of a hollow cylinder, the lower end of which is connected with a sludge compactor, and contains a concentrically located clarification chamber in the form of a truncated cone expanding upward, a flocculation chamber placed in it in the form of a cylinder with a conical bell in the lower part and partitions, one of which is installed tangentially at the outlet of the socket, and the others are evenly placed on the inner surface of the chamber transverse to the flow, and a cylindrical reaction chamber mounted inside the flocculation chamber, while both the clarification chamber and the sludge compactor are equipped with separate discharge pipes from the clarified water device .