RU2037049C1 - Outfit for mining thick steeply dipping seams - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining. SUBSTANCE: outfit for mining thick steeply dipping seams has anchor unit and support units connected to anchor unit by means of holding unit. Each support unit has hollow modules installed on one another with front, rear and side walls. Walls have ports for performance of auxiliary operations. Secured to roofing and to lower part of upper module are extensible shearing members. Anchor unit is made of wedge parts for expanding in vertical and horizontal directions. Working member is made in form of saw. Holding unit has carriage connected by means of hydraulic jack with rope attached to upper support unit. Carriage is installed in recess of side wall of anchor unit. Device for holding equipment to prevent its sliding is made in form of inclined brackets and brackets with rollers installed for moving over inclined brackets of neighboring support units. Additional modules may be installed between upper and lower modules. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 2 cl, 7 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to underground mining of reservoir deposits and can be used in the coal industry for the development of powerful steeply falling seams along strike with complete collapse. A well-known mechanized complex for the extraction of coal of shallow thick seams, including a mechanized support, consisting of sections, each of which contains an overlap, water stands, a base, hydraulic jacks, a shearing element, a conveyor for transporting coal on which the combine is mounted.

 However, the longitudinal and lateral stability of such supports in steep formations is not provided, which reduces the efficiency of its work.

 Known coal mining from steeply falling seams using a treatment shield unit ANSC.

The unit is intended for the complex mechanization of treatment works on strata with a thickness of 0.7-1.3 m with bed angles of more than 35-90 ^about when working off it with wide strips for falling and completely collapsing the roof.

 It consists of a hydroficated protective and supporting shield support, a conveyor belt, a hydraulic system, and automated remote control equipment.

 With this aggregate, coal is mined in wide strips (up to 60 m) in the fall (from top to bottom in the fall).

 The disadvantage is that it can only be used for formations with a thickness of 0.7-1.3 m, and for more powerful formations it can not be used. High costs are required for its installation and dismantling, a large amount of labor-intensive preparatory work, in addition, between the strips there remains coal with a strip of 3-4 m, which can ignite.

 The closest technical solution to the proposed unit prototype is the AGK-8 unit for the extraction of steep thin layers, fastening the bottomhole space in the mounting niche and store ledge.

 The AGK-8 unit consists of a mechanized roof support, a comb executive body mounted on the basis of retractable cleavers, a cutting unit, a screw conveyor, a pump station, and a control panel. The base consists of articulated sections on which frames with comb-type actuators are mounted. Each section of the base is equipped with wedge-shaped skis, between which the bases of the lining sections are located. The extreme sections of the base have elements for fixing a cutting organ and auger conveyor on them. The lining section consists of a base, a ceiling, a visor with a cleaver, and a hydraulic stand. In the lava there are six sections of lining, divided into three groups. One of the groups is anchored and moves first, providing lateral stability of the unit.

 The disadvantage is that the unit cannot be used for mining coal seams with lavas along the entire length of the strike and the thickness of the seam. The unit is designed for the extraction and transportation of coal, fastening the bottomhole space in the mounting niche and store ledge on steep seams with a capacity of 0.7-1.5 m.

 The formation development process is very time-consuming, because the cutting process runs across the bed of the coal seam, which requires large energy costs to cut.

 So the specific energy consumption of the formation undercut is 0.63 kWh / t.

 Another significant drawback of the unit is that an executive body is installed on each section to destroy coal when taking a cut, as well as a large number of cutting tools.

 The implementation of the lining section in the form of hollow separate modules and their installation on each other, depending on the thickness of the formation, allows you to adjust the height and thereby develop the layers for the entire thickness of the formation in a frontal way, mounting and dismounting the lining is simple because Each module individually has a small weight.

 The installation of an additional cleaver provides optimal maximum cleavage with minimal energy consumption. The installation of a holding device allows you to adjust and hold the lining sections relative to each other. The anchor section is designed to keep the lining from sliding and to maintain the rocks in the ventilation drift in a satisfactory condition. The execution of the executive body in the form of a saw allows for minimal cutting of the formation.

 The holding section of the upper section allows you to control the upper section, and with it the entire lining in the working face.

 The aim of the invention is the development of powerful steep formations along the entire length of the frontal way in full power with full collapse, reducing the complexity and energy consumption, metal consumption.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that in the known unit for the extraction of coal of powerful steeply falling seams, including the anchor section, the upper section retention unit, the executive body, the retaining device and the support sections articulated between each other, each of which contains hydraulic stands, moving rams and cleavers in the upper part, the support is made in the form of separate hollow modules mounted on top of each other and rigidly fastened together by bolts, and hydraulic stands are installed in the lower module, and in the lower part A splitter is additionally installed on the bottom of the module, and a racks are installed in the lower module, and both modules have technological windows, and the anchor section is made in the form of a wedge device with hydraulic racks in the front and rear parts and has the possibility of sliding both vertically and horizontal directions, and the executive body is made in the form of a spring-loaded saw having the ability to transverse movement with constant pressing to the lining sections, and the holding device is made in the form of cr a bracket with a roller that can move along an inclined plane of another bracket, mounted on the next section of the support, the support unit of the upper support section is made in the form of a connection, the support section, the rope and the hydraulic jack connected to the carriage, which can move in the groove of the anchor section.

 In addition, the unit may contain one or more additional modules, depending on the thickness of the formation, with a cleaver in its lower part.

 Comparative analysis with the prototype shows that the proposed device differs in the type of support itself, in the form of hollow modules with technological windows installed on top of each other and their connection, and the upper module contains an additional cleaver installed in its lower part, in addition, the anchor section and the holding device is a completely new design, the working body is also made in a new way in the form of a spring-loaded saw. In addition, the unit may contain an additional module with a cleaver.

 Thus, the proposed device meets the criteria of the invention of "novelty."

 In the study of other well-known technical solutions in this technical field, the features that distinguish the invention from the prototype were not identified, which allows us to conclude that it meets the criterion of "significant differences".

 Figure 1 shows the layout of the unit in the lava, consisting of a sectional lining 1 with hydraulic stands, hydraulic ram jacks and cleavers, a holding device 2, an anchor section 3 with mobile jacks and hydraulic pillars of an extension, an executive body (saw) 4, winch 5, tension blocks 6, traction rope 7, the retention unit of the upper section; figure 2 a General view of the clamp, section aa in figure 1; figure 3 the base of the lower module, the sliding mechanism and the holding device 2, section BB in figure 2; figure 4 General view of the anchor section; figure 5 General view of the executive body; Fig.6 General view of the lining with an additional module; Fig.7 is a General view of the node holding the upper section, section bb in Fig.1.

 The unit support (see Fig. 2) consists of the lower 8 and upper 9 modules, made in the form of hollow boxes with technological windows for passage and maintenance of the unit, i.e. replacement of the hydraulic jack, cleaver, maintenance work, as well as the management of cleaver, moving sections.

The modules have the following sizes:
In the upper module 9, hydraulic jacks 11 and guides 12 are installed, on which cleavers are fixed 13. In addition, module 9 has a rear wall 20, and in the front wall 21 there is a technological window with access to the bottom of the face.

 In the lower module 8, hydraulic racks 14 are mounted, fixed in the lower part of the bed module 15, and in the upper attached to the connecting sheet 16 through the products 17 and the connecting finger 18.

 In the side walls 25 there are slots 19 for the passage of the bracket 31 of the holding device 2.

 The module has a rear 23 and front 24 blind walls, which serve as protection against the collapse of coal and rock in the working area of the lining. In addition, the front wall 24 is the guide of the executive body 4. For guiding during unloading or expansion of the lining and keeping the hydraulic pillars 14 from tilting towards the dip of the formation, there are guides 26 fixed to the front 24 and rear 23 of the module walls using bolts 27.

 In the connecting sheet 16 and the lower sheet of the upper module 9 there is a technological window for servicing the upper module. The lower 8 and upper 9 modules are interconnected using a sheet 16 and bolts 10.

 For moving, the supports are interconnected by a hydraulic jack of moving 28 (see figure 3) through the eyes 29 and the finger 30.

 Figure 3 shows the holding device of the lining 2, consisting of a bracket 31, mounting bolts 32, a roller 33, mounted on an axis 34 and an inclined bracket 35.

 In FIG. 4 shows the anchor section, consisting of the upper left 36 and right 37 of the ceiling, left 38 and right 39 side walls, hydraulic struts 40, 63, 66, support shoes 41, inclined walls 42, 68 of the hydraulic jacks 43, 67, connected by a finger 44. The upper floors 36 and 37 are connected to the side walls 38 and 39 by bolts 64. There is a slot 65 for fixing the carriage. In addition, there is a guide 71 in the side walls 38 and 39 from the side of the inclined plane, which is included in the inclined walls 42 and 68.

 Figure 5 shows a General view of the Executive body (saw) consisting of cutters 45, track rollers 46, eyes 47, traction rope 7, a supporting roller 48 on the axis 49, spacer sheet 50, pipe 51, guides 52, springs 53, housing 54 , fingers 55 of guide rollers 56 and beams 57.

 Figure 6 shows a General view of the lining with an additional module, consisting of a lower module 8 with all its parts, module 9 with all its parts, module 58, a cleaver 69, a hydraulic jack 59, eyelets 60 and a pin 61, bolts 10 and 62.

 Figure 7 shows a General view of the node holding the upper section, consisting of a hydraulic jack 72, rope 73, carriage 74.

 The unit for the extraction of powerful steeply falling coal seams works according to the technological scheme, the basis of which is the coal extraction in the lower part by the executive body (saw) and the layer-by-layer collapse of coal packs with cleavers 13, 69, and the upper cleaver is also a supporting element of the lining from the collapse of weak roof rocks.

 The excavation cycle of the unit begins with the taking of the cut using the executive body (saw 4) to a depth of 600 mm and a slot height of 200 to 250 mm.

 After taking the cut, the coal collapses 13 and is transported along the conveyor drift, the lining section 1 begins to move with the help of the hydraulic jack 28, starting from the upper lining section, observing straightforwardness at its new location in the face.

 When unloading and moving sections of lining on inclined seams under the action of gravity, they slide down the fall.

 To prevent the sliding of both individual sections and the support as a whole, a holding device 2 is used.

 The holding device operates as follows.

 The upper section of the lining 1 is connected to the anchor section 3 with the help of the holding unit 70 and the node can freely move in the slot 65 of the anchor section together with the upper section 1.

 When unloading and moving the upper section of the lining, it occupies that position in the fall, which allows it to anchor section 3 and the retention unit 70.

 After the expansion of the upper section of the lining hydrostatic 14, begin to move the next drop in the lining section. When unloading, the lining section may fall downward by a fall by the value of the lower part of the inclined bracket 35.

 When moving it to the bottom, the lining section begins to rise along the inclined bracket 35 to its upper part with the help of the hydraulic jack of the moving 28, bracket 31, roller 33 and takes the place that the upper section occupied and bursts with the help of hydraulic struts 14.

 Thus, the remaining sections of the lining move.

 The anchor section is designed to satisfactorily maintain the roof on the ventilation drift with lava, to keep the lava support from sliding over the fall of the formation.

 The anchor section operates as follows.

 To move the sections, unload the hydraulic stand 66, turn on the hydraulic jack of the slide 67, which pushes forward the inclined wall 68.

 After moving and spreading the hydraulic stand 66, the hydraulic stand 63 is unloaded and the hydraulic jack 67 is reduced, pulling together the right side of the floor 37 and the side wall 39 until it reaches the working roof.

 Next, unload the hydraulic stand 40, turn on the hydraulic jack of the slide 43 and extend the inclined wall 42, and then pull together the left side of the ceiling 36 and the side wall 38 until it reaches the roof in the ventilation drift.

 To keep the connection of the inclined walls 42, 68 with the side walls 38, 39 and the ceilings 36, 37 in working condition, the left and right halves of the anchor section are provided with a guide 71 included in the inclined walls 42, 68.

 The connection of the anchor section with the lava lining is carried out using the retention unit, for which there is a slot 65 in the side wall 38.

 The executive body (saw) is designed to take a cut in the lower part of the reservoir.

 The executive body (saw) (see figure 5) works as follows. When moving the lining section, the lining moving forward, compresses the springs 57 by the amount of its movement, while the cutters 45 are pressed into the coal mass.

 To control the amount of removal of coal chips are adjustable track rollers 46, which regulate the magnitude of the protrusion of the cutters.

 To reduce friction against the soil, the actuator has a roller 48. To reduce the noise when moving the actuator along the bottom, the guides with rubber coating rollers 56 are used.

 When you turn on the winch 5 with the help of a rope 7 of the tensioning blocks 6, the movement of the executive body along the face with compressed springs starts, removing coal chips from a passage of a certain size, depending on the strength of the coal. Through several passages, a chain of cut is formed, ready for a layered collapse.

 The lining with an additional module 58 (see Fig.6) works according to the scheme as the basis of the lining, i.e., layer-by-layer chipping of the mined coal. Additionally, the module is equipped with a hydraulic jack 59, a cleaver 69.

 The retention unit of the upper section of the lining (see Fig. 7) is designed to connect the anchor section with the section of lava lining and its regulation by the fall of the formation.

 The hold node operates as follows.

 If it is necessary to adjust (raise, lower), the upper section of the lining is unloaded and includes a constantly tensioned hydraulic jack 72, which is connected to the lining with a rope 73 on one side, and the carriage 74 and the anchor section 3 on the other, begin to reduce or extend the rod, thereby fixing or rises up, or falls down by the size of the holding device 2 and is bursting with hydraulic pillars 14.

 In addition, when moving the main lining, the entire assembly has the ability to move with it in the slot 65 of the anchor section 3.

 During the development of powerful steep seams by the proposed aggregate by layer-by-layer chipping, in addition to the main goals mentioned in the formula, other positive effects are achieved, namely: maximum yield of high-quality coals and minimal dust formation. All unit designs are selected constructively depending on the purpose of one or another mechanism.

 For preliminary calculation and assembly of the unit, the following values were taken: a) lining 600 kN / m; b) an executive body of 4 kN / cm; c) anchor section 300 kN / m; d) tensile restraint 20 gf.

 The unit works only in conjunction with all of the listed nodes and mechanisms and makes it possible to obtain an economic effect.

Claims (2)

 1. UNIT FOR EXTRACTION OF POWERFUL SHRINKLES, including the anchor section with a ceiling and a base connected by front and rear hydraulic pillars, connected to it through a retention unit of the roof support section, each of which contains a ceiling connected by a rear guard with a base to which hydraulic ramming jacks are attached and creep restraining device, an executive body connected to the lining sections, mounted to move along them and spring-loaded to hold it against the bottom, characterized in that, for the purpose of expanding operational capabilities, sections are made of top and bottom modules mounted on top of each other and interconnected with side and front walls made with windows for auxiliary operations, and are equipped with upper and lower sliding shears, mounted on the ceilings and lower parts of the upper modules, under with which the hydraulic stands are installed, the anchor section is made with overlapping and side walls of wedge parts installed with the possibility of sliding in the vertical and horizontal direction leniya, the executive body is made in the form of a saw, the retention unit from the carriage mounted to move into a groove made in the side wall of the anchor section, and from the rope attached to the upper section, connected by a hydraulic jack to the carriage, and the anti-slip device is made in the form inclined brackets and additional brackets with rollers mounted to move along the inclined brackets of adjacent sections.  2. The unit according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with additional modules with cleavers in the lower parts installed between the upper and lower modules and associated with them.

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