RU2026777C1 - Method to process wood - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: timber and sleeper impregnation. SUBSTANCE: 560 - 650 mm Hg vacuum pumping within 5 to 10 min is performed prior to wood impregnation, then antiseptic vapors at 0.5 - 1.5 atm pressure enter working volume, then working volume is filled with antiseptic at 50 - 65 C temperature and 2.5 - 8 atm pressure being increased gradually. They keep up the pressure during 25 - 40 min with intermediate antiseptic dumping and 560 - 650 mm Hg vacuum pumping in autoclave. EFFECT: deep wood impregnation. 1 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to methods of processing wood and can be used in wood and timber impregnation plants.

Known methods of treating wood with water-soluble antiseptics, which to increase the uniformity of the impregnation and extend the viability of the impregnating composition include preliminary evacuation operations for 50-120 minutes and impregnation for 30-120 min under an excess pressure of 0.5-1.5 atm at a temperature of the impregnating composition of 22-26 ^about C.

 There is also known a method of processing wood, which to increase the depth of impregnation involves the operation of heating the wood with a gaseous carrier, for example water vapor, after which the wood is placed in a solution with a temperature that provides deep condensation of steam in the capillaries of the wood.

 Such methods are not widely used in the treatment of wood with oil antiseptics.

 The closest prototype among the known technical solutions is a method of treating wood with oil antiseptics by impregnation under pressure with subsequent fixation of the impregnate in the wood, the essence of which is to increase the temperature of the antiseptic when impregnated, in comparison with the generally accepted ones by using a mixture of coal oil and oil diluent, followed by vacuum impregnated wood while simultaneously connecting the impregnating autoclave to the atmosphere through a special pipe and blowing hot wood Yoshino air.

 The disadvantage of this method is that during the processes of impregnation in the field of high temperatures, intense thermal decomposition of wood occurs, leading to a deterioration in its physical and mechanical properties.

 The aim of the invention is to increase wood and increase its physico-mechanical properties.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the method of processing wood it is impregnated with an oil antiseptic under pressure, followed by evacuation of the residual antiseptic by means of evacuation. The timber was evacuated for 5-10 min at 560-650 mm Hg, then the displacement volume is fed to a pair of antiseptic pressure of 0.5-1.5 atm, and then the displacement volume is filled with antiseptic at a temperature of 50-65 ^{° C,} increasing the pressure to 2.5-8 atm, which is maintained for 25-30 minutes or in two stages of 10-20 minutes, with an intermediate discharge of the antiseptic and the creation of a vacuum in an impregnating autoclave with a depth of 560-650 mm Hg.

 The invention is illustrated by the following examples.

 Sleepers from pine wood, coniferous and deciduous species with a moisture content of 25-30% are placed on trolleys. As an impregnating preparation, a mixture (KM-R) is used, consisting of, vol.%: Coal oil 60-70 and oil diluent 30-40, which is oil XM-1 38.401-132.87.

Trolleys with timber are rolled into the impregnation cylinder, after which the lid is hermetically closed and evacuation is carried out at 650 mm RT. Art. within 10 minutes Then, the working volume of gaseous carrier serves pairs, such pairs antiseptic to a pressure of 1.5 atm, and more without dropping the pressure in the working antiseptic autoclave at ⁶⁵ ° C, and after filling liquid creates pressure 8 kg / cm ² and impregnated in for 40 minutes, or in two stages of 20 minutes each, with an intermediate discharge of the antiseptic and the creation of a vacuum in an autoclave with a depth of 650 mm Hg, and then the antiseptic is removed into a shunting autoclave, and a vacuum of 650 mm Hg deep is created in the working autoclave. and incubated for 20 min with a working vacuum installation. The vacuum unit is turned off, the vacuum is released, the cylinder cover is opened and the finished product is unloaded.

 In the case of one-stage exposure of the impregnated materials under the pressure of an antiseptic, the sequence of operations is as follows.

Operation Duration
walkie-talkies, min
Worker loading
autoclave sleepers 5
Evacuation
fed by forest
terials 10
Creating mirrors is-
soaring antiseptic
below the lower level
sleepers and getting it
vapor without vacuum relief
crazy in autoclave 5
Impregnation Processing
sleepers in pairs
tiseptics and, as a result,
pressure increase
autoclave lazy
up to 1.5 atm 10
Filling Worker Av-
maneuverable
antiseptic without reset
vapor pressure at
last temperature
65 ^about C 10
Increase fluid
pressure up to 8 atm 5
Impregnated soak
timber
laziness antiseptic 40
Antiseptic bypass of
working autoclave in
neural 10
Creating a vacuum in auto
clave depth
650 mmHg 20
Vacuum shutdown
vacuum and vacuum 5
Unloading sleepers from
autoclave 5
All processing in this mode takes 135 minutes. As a result of the processing of pine timber, the sapwood is completely saturated, and up to 7 mm for the sound-exposed wood. The depth of impregnation of spruce, fir and deciduous timber along the sapwood is up to 7 mm, and for the sound of bare wood cut to 5 mm. The total absorption of antiseptics is 80 kg / m ³ .

 In the case of two-stage exposure of the impregnated timber under the indicated pressure, the antiseptic from the above sequence will look as follows.

Impregnation of impregnated timber under the pressure of an antiseptic, min:
The first stage of exposure to liquid
bone pressure, 8 atm 20
Antiseptic bypass of
working autoclave in
neural 10
Creating a vacuum in auto
clave, a depth of 650 mm Hg 5
Auto Worker Filling
Claudia antiseptic 10
increase fluid
pressure 5
11 stage of exposure to liquid
pressure 8 atm 20
Furthermore, the processing time is 165 minutes. After processing the wood, the following results were obtained: the sapwood of pine timber was completely impregnated and up to 10 mm from the exposed wood cut; the depth of impregnation of spruce fir and deciduous timber for sapwood up to 10 mm, and for exposed wood cut by cuts up to 7 mm. The total absorption of antiseptic 92 kg / m ³ .

 Properties according to the invention are shown in the table.

The test results showed that the process of wood impregnation according to the proposed method leads to a deeper and more uniform penetration of the antiseptic into the structure and local defects of wood without increasing the consumption of antiseptics (based on 1 m ³ ) while reducing the exposure time of timber under the pressure of an antiseptic by 40-50% , the lack of pyrolysis of wood due to the process at lower temperature of the impregnate, as well as a significant reduction in the amount of antiseptic vapors during unloading and cooling prop OF DATA timber in an open area, which will be a factor in increasing production efficiency and improve the working conditions of staff.

Claims (1)

METHOD FOR PROCESSING WOOD by impregnating it with an oil antiseptic under pressure followed by evacuation of the residual antiseptic by vacuum, characterized in that before impregnation, the wood is evacuated for 5-10 minutes at 560 - 650 mm Hg, then antiseptic vapor is fed into the working volume to pressure 0.5 - 1.5 atm, after which the working volume is filled with an antiseptic with a temperature of 50 - 65 ^o C, increasing the pressure to 2.5 - 8 atm, which can withstand for 25 to 40 minutes or in two stages of 10 to 20 minutes with an intermediate discharge of antiseptics and the creation of a vacuum impregnating autoclave depth of 560 - 650 mm Hg

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