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RU2016103568A - Холоднокатаная листовая сталь, способ ее производства и автотранспортное средство - Google Patents

Холоднокатаная листовая сталь, способ ее производства и автотранспортное средство Download PDF

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RU2016103568A
RU2016103568A RU2016103568A RU2016103568A RU2016103568A RU 2016103568 A RU2016103568 A RU 2016103568A RU 2016103568 A RU2016103568 A RU 2016103568A RU 2016103568 A RU2016103568 A RU 2016103568A RU 2016103568 A RU2016103568 A RU 2016103568A
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sheet steel
cold rolled
rolled sheet
cold
hot
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RU2016103568A
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RU2648722C2 (ru
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ФРАТ Франко ДЕЛЬ
Жан-Мишель МАТЭНЬ
Йонас ШТАУДТЕ
Астрид Перлад
Ян Альберто СУАСО-РОДРИГЕС
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Арселормитталь Инвестигасьон И Десарролло Сл
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/38—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/001—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of specific alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
    • B32B15/013—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic one layer being formed of an iron alloy or steel, another layer being formed of a metal other than iron or aluminium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/043—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/18—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising iron or steel
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    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
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    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
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    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
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    • C21D8/0205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips of ferrous alloys
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    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
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    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
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    • C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
    • C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
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    • C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
    • C21D8/0236—Cold rolling
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    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
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    • C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
    • C21D8/0263—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment following hot rolling
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    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0278—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips involving a particular surface treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
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    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
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    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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Claims (51)

1. Холоднокатаная листовая сталь, содержащая в массовых процентах:
0,1≤С≤0,5%
3,5≤Mn≤10,0%
Al≤9,0%
Si≤5,0%
0,5≤Si+Al≤9,0%
Ti≤0,2%
V≤0,2%
Nb≤0,2%
В≤0,0035%
Cr≤1%
S≤0,004%
P≤0,025%,
остальное составляет железо и неизбежные примеси, образующиеся при плавлении, а микроструктура стали содержит от 10% до 50% аустенита, от 25% до 90% феррита, менее 5% каппа-выделений и менее 25% мартенсита, при этом указанный лист, начиная от верхней поверхности, имеет следующие последовательные слои:
- верхний слой чистого металлического железа, толщина которого находится в диапазоне от 50 до 300 нм, и
- первый нижний слой, состоящий из металлического железа, который также содержит одно или несколько выделений оксидов, выбираемых из Mn, Si, Al, Cr и В, толщина которого составляет от 1 до 8 мкм.
2. Холоднокатаная листовая сталь по п. 1, содержащая, кроме того, второй нижний слой, лежащий под указанным первым нижним слоем, состоящий из чистого феррита и толщина которого составляет от 10 до 50 мкм.
3. Холоднокатаная листовая сталь по п. 1 или 2, композиция которой имеет содержание марганца от 5,0 до 9,0%.
4. Холоднокатаная листовая сталь по п. 1 или 2, композиция которой имеет содержание углерода от 0,1 до 0,3%.
5. Холоднокатаная листовая сталь по п. 1 или 2, композиция которой имеет содержание углерода от 0,15 до 0,25%.
6. Холоднокатаная листовая сталь по п. 1 или 2, композиция которой имеет содержание алюминия от 1,5 до 9%.
7. Холоднокатаная листовая сталь по п. 1 или 2, композиция которой имеет содержание алюминия от 5 до 8%.
8. Холоднокатаная листовая сталь по п. 1 или 2, композиция которой имеет содержание кремния, равное или ниже 1,5%.
9. Холоднокатаная листовая сталь по п. 1 или 2, композиция которой имеет содержание кремния, равное или ниже 0,3%.
10. Холоднокатаная листовая сталь по п. 1 или 2, микроструктура которой содержит между 25 и 40% аустенита.
11. Холоднокатаная листовая сталь по п. 1 или 2, микроструктура которой содержит между 50 и 85% феррита.
12. Холоднокатаная листовая сталь по п. 1 или 2, микроструктура которой содержит менее 15% мартенсита.
13. Холоднокатаная листовая сталь по п. 1 или 2, микроструктура которой не содержит каппа-выделений.
14. Холоднокатаная листовая сталь по п. 1 или 2, демонстрирующая предел прочности на разрыв TS, превышающий или равный 1000 - 50 × % Al в МПа, однородное удлинение UEI, превышающее или равное 15%, и показатель раздачи отверстия НЕ, превышающий или равный 20%.
15. Листовая сталь с металлическим покрытием, полученная нанесением покрытия на холоднокатаную листовую сталь по любому из пп. 1-14, при этом покрытие получено способом, выбранным из погружения в расплав, электролитического осаждения и вакуумного напыления, возможно с последующей термической обработкой.
16. Листовая сталь с металлическим покрытием по п. 15, которая имеет отожженное цинковое покрытие.
17. Способ производства холоднокатаной листовой стали по любому из пп. 1-14, содержащий следующие стадии:
- подачи и очистки от окалины горячекатаной полосы или тонкого сляба, имеющих композицию, указанную в пп. 1-9;
- холодной прокатки горячекатаной полосы или тонкого сляба со степенью обжатия при холодной прокатке между 30% и 75% для получения холоднокатаной листовой стали;
- тепловой обработки листовой стали, во время которой лист подвергают нагреванию при скорости нагревания Hrate, по меньшей мере равной 1°C/с, вплоть до температуры отжига Tanneal, лежащей между Tmin=721-36*C-20*Mn+37*Al+2*Si (в °C) и Tmax=690+145*C-6,7*Mn+46*Al+9*Si (в °C), в течение 30 и 700 секунд, с последующей выдержкой при указанной температуре, при этом нагревание от 550°C вплоть до Tanneal и по меньшей мере первую часть выдержки проводят в окислительной среде для образования верхнего слоя из оксида железа толщиной между 100 и 600 нм, и затем слой из оксида железа полностью восстанавливают.
18. Способ по п. 17, в котором восстановление осуществляют во время второй части выдержки в восстановительной газовой среде, содержащей между 2% и 35% Н2 и имеющей точку росы ниже -10°C, обеспечивающей полное восстановление указанного слоя оксида железа, и затем листовую сталь охлаждают со скоростью охлаждения Vcooling2, превышающей 5°C/с и меньшей 70°C/с, до комнатной температуры.
19. Способ по п. 18, в котором вторую часть выдержки осуществляют в атмосфере, точка росы которой находится ниже -30°C.
20. Способ по п. 17, в котором:
- листовую сталь охлаждают при Vcooling2 до температуры TOA между 350°C и 550°C и выдерживают при TOA в течение 10-300 секунд, а затем
- листовую сталь дополнительно охлаждают до комнатной температуры при скорости охлаждения Vcooling3 от 5°C/с до 70°C/с.
21. Способ по п. 17, в котором восстановление проводят после охлаждения указанной листовой стали до комнатной температуры со скоростью охлаждения Vcooling2 более 5°C/с и ниже 70°C/с и осуществляют химическим травлением.
22. Способ получения листовой стали с металлическим покрытием по любому из пп. 15 или 16, в котором на листовую сталь, полученную способом по любому из пп. 17-21, наносят покрытие способом, выбираемым из погружения в расплав, электролитического осаждения и вакуумного напыления, возможно с последующей термической обработкой.
23. Способ по п. 22, в котором листовую сталь с металлическим покрытием подвергают горячему цинкованию с отжигом.
24. Способ по любому из пп. 17-23, в котором указанную горячекатаную полосу получают способом, содержащим следующие стадии:
- разливки стали, имеющей композицию, указанную в любом из предыдущих пунктов с получения сляба;
- повторного нагревания сляба при температуре Treheat между 1100°C и 1300°C;
- горячей прокатки повторно нагретого сляба при температуре между 800°C и 1250°C для получения горячекатаной стальной полосы;
- охлаждения горячекатаной стальной полосы при скорости охлаждения Vcooling1 по меньшей мере 10°C/с до температуры намотки в рулон Tcoiling, равной или ниже 700°C;
- намотки в рулон горячекатаной полосы, охлажденной при Tcoiling.
25. Способ по п. 24, в котором горячекатаную стальную полосу дополнительно отжигают путем отжига в камерной печи при температуре между 400°C и 600°C в течение 1-24 час или непрерывного отжига, выполняемого при температуре 650°C - 750°C в течение 60-180 с.
26. Автотранспортное средство, содержащее конструкционный элемент, изготовленный из листовой стали по любому из пп. 1-16.
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