RU2015475C1 - Device for continuous smelting of materials in melt - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: metallurgical industry. SUBSTANCE: device comprises sealed chamber and sealed charging apparatuses, and dividing wall with water-jacketed fairing. Novelty consists in provision of sealed chamber and wall with fairing which contribute to effective processing of industrial and municipal waste. Distance between fairing and gas duct is at least three distances from discharge threshold of slag siphon to fairing. Lower part of fairing is water-jacketed. EFFECT: improved design. 2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to metallurgical production, in particular to furnaces for processing slag in a liquid bath.

 A known furnace for sulphide materials smelting and slag depletion in a liquid bath, containing a shaft with charge loading units in its vault, a tuyere system, a gas duct fixed to the shaft vault and a coffered baffle and siphons with thresholds for the release of metal and slag lowered into the melt (1) .

 The disadvantage of this furnace design is that it is impossible to completely burn household waste in the slag melt, as part of the gaseous and light fractions can be carried out and not completely burned in the flues, while emitting harmful and odorous gases into the atmosphere.

 The aim of the invention is to reduce dust removal and improve environmental working conditions.

 The goal is achieved in that the device contains a shaft, made sealed, the partition - in the form of a fairing, the length of the duct not less than three vertical distances from the exhaust slag threshold of the siphon to the fairing, and the lower part of the fairing is made coffered.

 The proposed device allows you to most efficiently burn household waste in the melt blown by gas, and reduce dust removal and improve environmental working conditions.

 The drawing shows the proposed device.

 The device is made in the form of a furnace containing a hearth, a bath 2 with a melt, lances 3 for supplying blast to the melt, a siphon 4 for the metal part of the melt, a slag siphon with a threshold 5, a pressurized shaft 6, a loading funnel 7, a separation wall 8, a coffered partition into in the form of a fairing 9, level 10 of the melt in the furnace shaft, gas duct 11.

 The charge loading unit includes a hopper 12 with a rotary valve 13 on the axis 14. Above the hopper 12, a hopper 15 with a valve 16 and a funnel 17 are installed.

 The tight pressing of the valves 13 and 16 to the corresponding seats is provided by pneumatic cylinders.

 In the hopper 15 through the pipe 18 is supplied gas (air) with a pressure higher than in the shaft 6.

 The processing processes of the mixture (slag and household waste) are carried out as follows.

 The prepared portion of the charge components is loaded into the funnel 17 with the valve 16 completely closed. During this period, the charge located in the hopper 15 can be poured into the shaft 6. Only after closing the valve 13, the next portion of the charge from the funnel 17 can be poured into the hopper 15.

 Sequential operation of valves 13 and 16 is provided by a blocking system. The breakthrough of pyrolysis gases from the mine 6 into the atmosphere is excluded due to: tight fit of the valves to the saddles of the hopper 15 and funnel 17; back pressure systems created in the hopper 15; the height of the charge column in the hopper 15 and the funnel 17.

 In the mine 6 creates a slight excess pressure (up to 500 mm water column), sufficient to sparge the combustion products from the mine 6 into the second part of the furnace (under the gas duct 11).

 From the hopper 12, the charge enters the mine 6 and then to the melt level 10, where the waste, washed by splashes and bursts of the blown melt, burns out intensively.

 Gaseous products of combustion under the influence of excess pressure in the shaft 6 of the furnace are displaced under the cowling 9, where, interacting with the skull of the cowling 9 and the melt, they acquire a temperature close to the temperature of the melt. At these temperatures, complete combustion of the waste and dissociation of the combustion products occurs. In the second part of the furnace, most of the tuyeres for gas supply are located. The combustion products through the duct 11 are sent to dust collection and disposal.

 Dense slag is drained through threshold 5 and sent to obtain building materials, and the heavy metal part of the melt is removed through the drain threshold of siphon 4. A vacuum of 5-10 mm water column is maintained in the chamber.

 It was experimentally established that the implementation of the separation wall in the form of a coffered cowl with a length of at least three vertical distances from the siphon outlet slag threshold to the cowl makes it possible to complete the process of burning waste in the cowl area with minimal pressure drops in the shaft and duct. If these conditions are not met, the processes of waste combustion and dissociation of combustion products may not be fully completed, as a result of which harmful gases can be carried into the atmosphere.

Using the proposed device will allow: to efficiently process household waste; reduce dust removal with exhaust gases to 0.3%; to improve environmental working conditions and guaranteed to receive exhaust gases that meet the MPC requirements;
to receive slags used as valuable material for construction and the metal part of the melt for recycling.

Claims (2)

 DEVICE FOR CONTINUOUS MELTING OF MATERIALS IN THE MELT, containing a shaft with charge loading units in its vault, a tuyere system, a gas duct fixed to the shaft vault and a coffered baffle and siphons with outlet thresholds for metal and slag, which differs in order to reduction of removal and improvement of environmental working conditions, the mine is sealed, and the partition is in the form of a cowling with a length of at least three distances from the exhaust threshold of the slag siphon to the cowling.  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower part of the fairing is made coffered.

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