RU2008230C1 - Vehicle gearbox - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport engineering. SUBSTANCE: gear on primary shaft is fitted to slide; fitted on countershaft are two gear clusters of two gears each which engage with gears of primary and secondary shafts. One-way clutch arranged between gear clusters is connected by carrier with similar but turned clutch of secondary shaft. Extreme gears of countershaft and secondary shaft engage through reverse gear cluster. Cross-section of shifter lever head is limited by sizes of elongated slot in middle slider head. Freely fitted in slot of this slider is plate whose length is not less than length of slider travel. EFFECT: enlarged kinematic capabilities, enhanced reliability of operation, decreased metal usage. 5 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to transport engineering, in particular to the transmission of transport vehicles.

 Closest to the invention is a vehicle gearbox comprising a housing with gear clutches housed therein, a primary shaft with a pinion gear, a secondary shaft with driven gears, an intermediate shaft with a gear block and a shaft with a reverse gear, and a housing cover with a control mechanism having sliders with heads, in the middle of which a groove is made transverse to the direction of movement of the slide, forks, a shift lever with a support and a tip located in the groove of the head of the middle slide ators, plungers of the locking device and fuses [1].

 The disadvantages of this gearbox are the limited kinematic possibilities for reversing, high load of the reverse gear, excessive metal consumption.

 The purpose of the invention is the expansion of kinematic capabilities, improving reliability and reducing the metal consumption of the gearbox.

 This is achieved by the fact that in a vehicle gearbox comprising a housing with gearshift clutches located therein, a primary shaft with a pinion gear, a secondary shaft with driven gears, an intermediate shaft with a gear block and a shaft with a reverse gear, and a housing cover with a control mechanism having sliders with heads, in the middle of which a groove is made transverse to the direction of movement of the slide, forks, a shift lever with a support and a tip located in the groove of the head of the middle slide, fix tori, locking device plungers and fuses, the drive gear is mounted on the input shaft freely, the gear block of the intermediate shaft is made of two parts, each containing two gears engaged with the gears of the primary and secondary shafts, the groove of the head of the middle slide is elongated, the tip is limited by the surface of this groove , on the average slider, an additional groove is made at the level of the plungers, the gearbox is equipped with additional couplings, each of which is equipped with clutch elements from one end , which are facing the clutch elements in opposite directions and one of which is installed between the parts of the gear unit of the intermediate shaft, and the other is on the secondary shaft, a lead connecting the couplings, an additional reverse gear connected to the one in the block, and a bracket mounted freely in the additional the groove of the middle slider and having a length of not less than its stroke, and the extreme gears of the intermediate and secondary shafts relative to the primary shaft are engaged through the block of gears of the reverse gear.

 In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a gearbox, allowing you to get four gears forward and reverse; in FIG. 2 - single lever gear shifting mechanism into four forward gears and two reverse gears; in FIG. 3 - circuits of torque circulation in all gears, and on the right side - the position of the sliders of the gearshift control mechanism; in FIG. 4 - various positions of the gear lever; in FIG. 5 is a beam diagram.

 In the housing 1, on the supports, primary 2 and secondary 3 shafts are installed, and the axes of the gear units of the intermediate shaft 4 and the reverse gear are fixed 5. On the primary shaft 2, the gear 6 is freely mounted, engaged with the gear 7 of the intermediate shaft 4, which is connected to the tubular shaft 8 with gear 9. On the axis 4 is another block of gears 10 and 11 connected by a tubular shaft 12. It is possible to combine the axis 4 with the shaft 12.

 Gears 9 and 10 are engaged with gears 13 and 14, and gear 11 through a block of reverse gears 15 and 16 with gear 17 of the secondary shaft 3. On the primary shaft 2, a hub 18 with a movable thermal position coupling 19 (A) is fixed. Between the gears 13 and 14, a two-position clutch 20 is installed, which is connected by a leash 21 (B) to the clutch 22 similar to the clutch 20, but deployed in the opposite direction. Between the gears 13 and 14, a two-position clutch 20 is installed, which is connected by a leash 21 (B) to the clutch 22, similar to the clutch 20, but deployed in the opposite direction.

 Between the gears 14 and 17 on the hub 23 of the secondary shaft 3 is located clutch 24 switch (C). Three gearshift sliders are located in the cover 25 of housing 1: the slider 26 is connected to the clutch 19 (A) with a plug (not shown in the drawing), the slider 27 is connected to the clutch lead 21 (B) 20 and 22, the slider 28 is connected to the clutch 24 (C) ) All sliders have ball locks: 29, 30 (middle slide lock not shown). Between the sliders installed plungers (crackers) 31 and 32, and in the groove of the middle slider between the crackers with a gap equal to the depth of the hole of the extreme sliders, a movable bar 33.

 A head 34, 35 and 36 is fixed on each slider with grooves for the lower tip of the gear lever 37 (Fig. 2 shows a section of this tip at the level of the groove of the head of the slider). In the extreme heads 34 and 36 mounted spring fuses 38 and 39.

 The work is as follows.

 Neutral position.

 The upper head of the shift lever 37 is in the middle position - H (see Fig. 4), while the head 35 with the slider 26 are in the middle position and are fixed with a ball retainer (see Fig. 2). The extreme sliders 27 and 28 are held in the left position (L) by the latches 29 and 30. The coupling 19 (see Fig. 1) connected to the middle slider 26 (see Fig. 2) is in the middle (neutral) position - primary 2 and the secondary 3 shafts are disconnected, while the couplings 20 and 24 connected to the sliders 27 and 28 are fixed in the left position (L), the gears 13 and 14 are disconnected, the gears 9 and 10 are connected by the coupling 22 (B), and the gear 14 by the coupling 24 (C) connected to the hub 23 of the secondary shaft (see Fig. 1).

 First gear.

 The head of the shift lever is moved towards the secondary shaft (back) (see Fig. 4) and is held by safety springs. The middle slider 26 (see Fig. 2) with the coupling 19 moves from the middle position to the left (L) (see Fig. 3 upper right position). All sliders are fixed in position L. The power flow diagram is shown in FIG. 3 in the upper left position. Torque (see Fig. 1) is transmitted from the input shaft 2 and the hub 18 through the coupling 19 (A) through the gears 6 and 7 to the tubular shaft 8, the coupling 22, through the gears 10 and 14, through the coupling 24 (C) - to the hub 23 and the secondary shaft 3. On the radiation diagram (see Fig. 5 upper section), this transmission is shown by the beams of gear pairs 6-7 and 10-14.

 Second gear.

 The shift lever (see Fig. 4) is moved towards the input shaft, while the slider 26 (A) will move from position L to the right position (P), the rest of the sliders in the previous position L (see Fig. 3 the right position of the second gear) . The sliders are held by the clips. The tip of the lever 37 is located between the heads 34 and 36. The torque (see Fig. 3) is transmitted from the input shaft 2 by the hub 18 and the coupling 19 through gears 13 and 9 further as in 1st gear. On the beam diagram (see Fig. 5), this transmission is beams 13-9 and 10-14.

 Third gear.

 The shift lever (see Fig. 4) is moved towards the secondary shaft, to the left, overcoming the resistance of the fuse 38 (see Fig. 2), and forward towards the input shaft. The slider 26 (A) will return to the left position (L) (see Fig. 3 on the right) and the coupling 19 (A) will connect the input shaft to the gear 6 (see Fig. 1). The slider 27 (B) will move to the right position (P), the leash 21 will shift the couplings 20 and 22 (B), while the gears 9 and 10 will separate, the gears 13 and 14 will be connected. When the slider 27 moves from the left position to the right plunger (cracker ) 31 (see Fig. 2) is displaced from the recess of the slider, through the bar 33 with a cracker 32 it blocks the slider 28. All the sliders are held by the clamps. The torque (see Fig. 1) to the shaft 8 is transmitted, as in I-th gear, then through gears 9 and 13 along the coupling 20, gear 14, along the coupling 24 to the hub 23 of the secondary shaft, which corresponds to beams 6 and 7 and 9-13 (see Fig. 5).

 Fourth gear (direct).

 We shift the gear lever back to the middle position between I and III gears, the tip of the lever 37 will return the fuse 38 to this position, then forward (see Fig. 4). This and other movements of the gear lever can be insured by installing the guide grooves on the cover 25. During the first movement, the slider 27 (B) will return from the right to the left, then the tip of the lever 37 is placed in the grooves of the heads of the two sliders (27 and 26) and moves them from left position to right (see Fig. 3). In this case, the slider 28 is locked with a cracker 32 (see Fig. 1). Torque is transmitted from the input shaft 2 through the hub 18, clutch 19, gear 13, clutch 20, gear 14, clutch 24 to the hub 23 of the secondary shaft 3.

 1st reverse.

 From the neutral position (N, see Fig. 4) we shift the shift lever back to the right, overcoming the resistance of the fuse 39 (see Fig. 2) and forward. In this case, the sliders 26 and 27 are in the left position, and the slider 28 is in the right (see Fig. 3). The slider 27 is locked by a cracker 31, all the sliders are held by the clips. The position of the shift clutches 19 and 20 corresponds to 1 forward gear, and the clutch 24 connects the secondary shaft 3 to the gear 17. The torque to the shaft 12 is transmitted as in 1 gear, then through the gears 11 and 15, 16 and 17 further along the clutch 24 to the hub 23 of the secondary shaft (see Fig. 1 and 3), which corresponds to beams 6-7, 11-15 and 16-17 (see Fig. 5 below).

 2nd reverse.

 We move the shift lever (see Fig. 4) back, the fuse 39 will return the tip 37 to the groove of the heads of the sliders 26 and 28, then we shift both sliders back. The slider 27 (B) is locked with a cracker 31, all the sliders are held by the clips. The difference from the forward gear is that the clutch 24 has moved from the left position to the right. The transmission corresponds to beams 13-9, 11-5 and 16-17 (see Fig. 5).

 Engaging 3rd and 4th reverse gears requires two control levers. One lever to control the shifting of four gears (couplings 19 and 20), the second - reverse (clutch 24).

 It is advisable to install a gearbox with single-lever control on cars, and with a double-lever control on tractors and engineering tractors.

 (56) Car Volga Gas-24. Ed. Prosvirina A.V.M .: Mechanical Engineering, 1972, p. 384.

Claims (1)

 VEHICLE TRANSMISSION BOX, comprising a housing with gearshift clutches housed therein, a primary shaft with a pinion gear, a secondary shaft with driven gears, an intermediate shaft with a gear block and a shaft with a reverse gear, and a housing cover with a control mechanism having sliders with heads, in the middle of which a groove is made, transverse to the direction of movement of the slider, forks, a shift lever with a support and a tip located in the groove of the head of the middle slider, locks, lock plungers device and fuses, characterized in that the drive gear is mounted on the input shaft freely, the gear block of the intermediate shaft is made of two parts, each containing two gears engaged with the gears of the primary and secondary shafts, the groove of the head of the middle slide is elongated, the tip is limited by the surface of this groove, on the average slider an additional groove is made at the level of the plungers, the gearbox is equipped with additional clutches, each of which is equipped with clutch elements from one end, to The two are facing the clutch elements in opposite directions and one of which is installed between the parts of the gear block of the intermediate shaft, and the other on the secondary shaft, the drive linking the clutch, an additional reverse gear connected to the main gear in the block, and a bar installed freely in the additional groove of the middle slider and having a length of not less than its stroke, and the gears of the intermediate and secondary shafts extreme with respect to the primary shaft are engaged through the reverse gear block.

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