RU2001129293A - DIRECT STEAM GENERATOR OPERATING ON FOSSIL FUEL - Google Patents

Claims (19)

1. A once-through steam generator (2) with a combustion chamber (4) for fossil fuel (B), after which a vertical gas duct (8) is connected through the horizontal gas duct (6) on the side of the flue gas, characterized in that the combustion chamber (4) contains several located along the height of the horizontal gas duct (6), the burners (30) and the enclosing walls (9) of the combustion chamber (4) are made of gas tightly connected to each other by welding, vertically arranged evaporation pipes (10), and many evaporator pipes (10) are made parallel with the possibility of loading the fluid (S) and moreover, on the connecting section (Z), which covers the output region (34) of the combustion chamber (4) and the inlet region (32) of the horizontal gas duct (6), several made parallel with the possibility of loading the fluid ( S) Evaporative tubes (10, 50, 52) pass in the form of a loop. 2. A steam generator (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that the side walls (12) of the horizontal gas duct (6) are formed of gas-tightly connected to each other by welding, vertically arranged, parallel to the possibility of loading fluid (S) steam generator pipes (16). 3. A steam generator (2) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the side walls (14) of the vertical duct (8) are formed of gas imperviously connected to each other by welding, vertically arranged, made parallel with the possibility of loading with a fluid (S) steam generator pipes (17). 4. The steam generator (2) according to any one of paragraphs. 1-3, characterized in that in front of a plurality of evaporator tubes (10) arranged in parallel with the possibility of loading with fluid (S) on the fluid side, a common intake manifold system (18) is included and after them a common exhaust manifold system (20). 5. The steam generator (2) according to any one of paragraphs. 1-4, characterized in that in front of several made parallel with the possibility of loading the fluid (S) steam generator pipes (16, 17) of the horizontal duct (6) or vertical duct (8) on the side of the fluid included a common intake manifold system (21) and after them the common exhaust manifold system (22). 6. The steam generator (2) according to any one of paragraphs. 1-5, characterized in that one enclosing wall (9) of the combustion chamber (4) is an end wall (11), and the evaporation tubes (10) of the end wall (9) are made parallel with the possibility of loading with a fluid (S). 7. The steam generator (2) according to any one of paragraphs. 1-6, characterized in that the evaporation tubes (10) of the end wall (11) of the combustion chamber (4) on the side of the fluid are connected in front of the other enclosing walls (9) of the combustion chamber (4). 8. The steam generator (2) according to any one of paragraphs. 1-7, characterized in that the inner diameter of the pipe (D) of several evaporation pipes (10) of the combustion chamber (4) is selected depending on the corresponding position of the evaporation pipes (10) in the combustion chamber (4). 9. The steam generator (2) according to any one of paragraphs. 1-8, characterized in that on several evaporation tubes (10) on the inner sides are made ribs (40), forming a multi-thread. 10. The steam generator (2) according to claim 9, characterized in that the angle of elevation (α) between the plane (42) perpendicular to the axis of the pipe and the side surfaces (44) of the ribs (40) located on the inside of the pipe is less than 60 ° preferably less than 55 °. 11. The steam generator (2) according to any one of paragraphs. 1-10, characterized in that the several evaporation tubes (10) contain respectively a throttle device. 12. The steam generator (2) according to any one of paragraphs. 1-11, characterized in that there is provided a piping system (19) for supplying fluid (S) to the vaporization pipes (10) of the combustion chamber (4), the piping system (19) to reduce the flow of fluid (S) contains several throttle devices, in particular throttle valves. 13. The steam generator (2) according to any one of paragraphs. 1-12, characterized in that the adjacent evaporation or, respectively, steam generator pipes (10, 16, 17) are gas tightly connected to each other by welding through the fins, the width of the fins being selected depending on the corresponding position of the evaporation or, respectively, steam generator pipes ( 10, 16, 17) of a combustion chamber (4), a horizontal gas duct (6) and / or a vertical gas duct (8). 14. The steam generator (2) according to any one of paragraphs. 1-13, characterized in that in the horizontal duct (6) in the suspension structure there are several superheater surfaces (23) of heating. 15. The steam generator (2) according to any one of paragraphs. 1-14, characterized in that in the vertical duct (8) there are several convective heating surfaces (26). 16. The steam generator (2) according to any one of paragraphs. 1-15, characterized in that the burners (58) are located on the end wall (11) of the combustion chamber (4). 17. The steam generator (2) according to any one of paragraphs. 1-16, characterized in that, determined by the distance from the end wall (11) of the combustion chamber (4) to the inlet region (32) of the horizontal gas duct (6), the length (L) of the combustion chamber (4) is at least equal to the burnup length of the fuel (B) at full load. 18. The steam generator (2) according to any one of paragraphs. 1-17, characterized in that the length (L) of the combustion chamber (4) as a function of steam production (M) at full load, burn-up time (t _A ), fuel flame (F) (B) and / or output temperature (T _BRK ) of the flue gas (G) from the combustion chamber (4) is selected approximately according to both functions (I) and (II) L (M, t _A ) = (C ₁ + C _{2 •} M) • T _a (I) and L (M, T _BRK ) = (C _{3 •} T _BRK + C ₄ ) M + C ₅ (T _BRK ) ² + C _{6 •} T _BRK + C ₇ (II), s C ₁ = 8 m / s, C ₂ = 0.0057 m / kg, C ₃ = -1.905 • 10 ^-4 (m • s) / (kg • ° C), C ₄ = 0.286 (s • m) / kg, C ₅ = 3 • 10 ^-4 m / (° C) ² , C ₆ = -0.842 m / ° C, C ₇ = 603.41 m, moreover, for a given steam capacity (M) at full load, a correspondingly larger value of the length (L) of the combustion chamber (4) is valid. 19. The steam generator (2) according to any one of paragraphs. 1-18, characterized in that the lower region of the combustion chamber (4) is made in the form of a funnel (5).