RU2055729C1 - Multipurpose wood-working machine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: wood-working industry. SUBSTANCE: machine has housing 1 with supports 2, spindle shaft 3 with cutting drum 4, saw blade 5 and chuck 6, front and rear tables of cutting drum 4, removable pressing device with pressing rollers 9 disposed above them, mechanism for hoisting and lowering front table, table 11 of saw blade, replaceable accessories for milling and sharpening with working bodies and drive of spindle shaft 3 made as electric motor 12. Table 11 of saw blade 5 is mounted in guideways 20 set up on housing 1 for vertical displacement and for fixation in the preset position by means of screws 21. Mechanism for hoisting and lowering front table of cutting drum 4 is made in the form of inclined hill with guideways and adjusting screw of hoisting height assembled on housing 1. Housing 1 has additional supports 28 from the side of saw blade 5 for installing the machine at its turn by 90 deg. The machine can be equipped with mechanism for shifting replaceable accessories for milling. EFFECT: enhanced possibility of execution of a number of additional milling and sawing operations with maximal convenience for consumer. 2 cl, 5 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to a device for wood processing and can be used in the woodworking industry, as well as in domestic conditions for the processing of wooden blanks.

A universal woodworking machine is known, including a housing with a working plate, in which a working shaft with knives is installed, connected to an electric motor by means of a belt drive with stepped pulleys, and a turning device mounted on the housing in the form of horizontal guides with front and rear headstock and a handrail, while working the plate is pivotally mounted on the housing and provided with uprights with a pressure roller mounted in front of the working shaft along the workpiece feed, the housing being equipped with a bracket with vertical slots for adjusting the height of the working plate, and the turning device is mounted on the housing by means of a lifting support, and the electric motor is mounted in the housing by means of longitudinal guides [1]
The disadvantages of the known device are the low functionality and inconvenience of use due to the inability to perform individual milling operations, in particular, stud, grooving and grooving, as well as circular sawing, without readjusting the equipment.

Also known is a universal woodworking machine containing a bed, a spindle shaft with a knife drum and a saw blade, a table made in the form of an electric motor, the drive of the spindle shaft, the guard of the saw disk and the knife drum, while the spindle shaft is equipped with a friction roller and mounted on the bed by means of a rotary sleeve, in which it is mounted eccentrically and which has a cam for interacting with the guard of the knife drum, and the machine is equipped with a jigsaw, the drive of which is configured as embedded in the frame of the crank mechanism and an additional friction roller, and the electric motor is mounted on the frame by means of a rotary plate, which is pivotally connected to the rotary sleeve by means of an adjustable rod, and is equipped with a grinding wheel [2]
The disadvantages of the known device are also low functionality and inconvenience of use due to the inability to perform individual milling and sawing operations without significant readjustment of equipment.

And finally, a universal woodworking machine is known, including a housing with supports, a spindle shaft with a knife drum, a saw blade and a chuck, a front and rear table of a knife drum, a removable clamping device with at least one pressure roller located above them, a mechanism for raising and lowering the front tables, table saw blade, removable attachments for milling and turning with working bodies and spindle shaft drive made in the form of an electric motor [3]
The known device is the closest to the proposed in its technical essence and the achieved result, in connection with which it was chosen as a prototype.

 The disadvantages of the known device are also low functionality and inconvenience of use due to the inability to perform individual milling and sawing operations without significant readjustment of equipment.

 These shortcomings are caused by the fact that the known devices do not provide means for performing some milling (studding and grading) and sawing (transverse sawing) operations, the implementation of which is not associated with a significant readjustment of the woodworking machine.

 To solve this problem, the invention is directed.

 The technical result, the obtaining of which the present invention provides, consists in the possibility of performing a number of additional milling and sawing operations with the greatest convenience for the user (without significant readjustment of the machine).

 The specified technical result is achieved by solving the problem of providing high functional equipment with simultaneous ease of use when working on a woodworking machine.

The present invention can be characterized by the following combination of essential features: a universal woodworking machine, including a housing with supports, a spindle shaft with a knife drum, a saw blade and a chuck, front and rear tables of the knife drum, a removable clamping device located above them with at least one pressure roller , the mechanism for raising and lowering the front table, table saw blade, removable attachments for milling and turning with working bodies and made in the form of electric motors the drive of the spindle shaft, while the table of the saw blade is mounted in rails mounted on the housing with the possibility of vertical movement and fixing in a predetermined position, the mechanism for raising and lowering the front table of the knife drum is made in the form of an inclined slide with rails mounted on the housing, and the housing has installed by the additional blade supports for its installation when turning on the machine ^90, the pressing device has a second pressure roller, the pressure roller ki disposed above the front and rear tables knife drum and removable top box for milling guides are provided on the housing and mounted for vertical movement by screw and worm gear mechanism.

Significant, distinguishing features from the prototype are the fact that the table of the saw blade is mounted in rails mounted on the housing with the possibility of vertical movement and fixing in a predetermined position, the mechanism for raising and lowering the front table of the knife drum is made in the form of an inclined slide with rails mounted on the housing and the body is established by the saw blade extra support to install it when you turn the machine on ^90.

 Particular features of the proposed invention include the fact that the clamping device has an additional clamping roller, while the clamping rollers are located above the front and rear tables of the knife drum, and the removable attachments for milling are provided with guides and mounted on the housing with the possibility of vertical movement by means of a screw mechanism and a worm couples.

 Thus, the above set of essential features of the invention allows to provide a technical result, which consists in the possibility of performing a number of additional milling and sawing operations with the greatest convenience for the user (without significant readjustment of the machine).

 And indeed, during the experimental verification of the proposed solution, it was found that the proposed machine is multifunctional and convenient to use. So, on this machine with minimal readjustment it is possible to produce: sawing wood, both along and across the fiber; jointing and planing of wood with removal of a layer of material up to 6 mm; milling along the wood fibers; milling studding across the wood fiber; Milling and mortising work on the milling of grooves, grooves, holes, etc. as well as turning and turning blanks.

 Thus, the proposed invention has such essential features that together ensure the achievement of the specified technical result.

 A search by sources of scientific, technical and patent information did not allow us to establish the above set of features of the proposed invention and the technical result shown by them, which, in our opinion, indicates the presence of an inventive step.

 Figure 1 shows a universal woodworking machine assembly with a removable turning attachment, general view (the front table of the knife drum is conventionally not shown); figure 2 is the same, a top view (without turning tool); in FIG. 3 the same side view (saw blade conditionally not shown); figure 4 interchangeable milling table; figure 5 interchangeable milling table with a vertical movement mechanism.

 Universal woodworking machine contains a housing 1 (Fig. 1) with bearings 2, a spindle shaft 3 with a knife drum 4, a saw blade 5 and a chuck 6, the front 7 (Fig. 2) and the rear 8 tables of the knife drum 4, a removable clamping table located above them a device with two pressure rollers 9 (Fig. 1), a mechanism 10 (Fig. 3) for raising and lowering the front table 7, a table 11 of a saw blade, removable attachments for milling and turning with working bodies and a spindle shaft drive 3 made in the form of an electric motor 12 .

 The spindle shaft 3 is driven in rotation from the electric motor 12 by means of a V-belt drive 13 with pulleys 14 and 15. The tension of the belts of the V-belt drive 13 is carried out by means of a screw 16 (FIG. 2), while the motor 12 is mounted in the housing 1 by means of longitudinal guides 17.

 The spindle shaft 3 (Fig. 1) is mounted on a housing 1 in bearings 18, a saw blade 5 or milling cutters (depending on the nature of the work performed) is located on one end of the shaft, and on the other is a chuck 6, which can be performed, for example, by three-jaw or collet, for fastening the working tool 19, for example, a milling cutter or a clamp for turning operations.

 Table 11 (FIG. 1) of the saw blade 5 is mounted in guides 20 mounted on the housing 1 with the possibility of vertical movement and fixing by means of screws 21 in a predetermined position. The lifting of the table 11 can be carried out by means of a lever 22, connected by rods 23 and 24 through a two-arm lever 25 with the guides 20.

The mechanism 10 (figure 3) of raising and lowering the front table 7 of the knife drum 4 is made in the form of an inclined slide 26 with guides and an adjusting screw 27 of the lifting height mounted on the housing 1. The angle of inclination is in the range from 10 to 30 ^about , the most preferred angle the slope is about 12 ^o .

 The pressure rollers 9 of the removable pressure device are located above the front and rear tables of the knife drum.

The housing 1 is installed on the part of the saw blade 5 additional supports 28 for the installation of the machine when it is turned through ⁹⁰ °, in the manufacture of some special milling operations.

 All replaceable attachments for milling represent a lifting support 29, which is fastened to the corresponding side of the woodworking machine by means of screws 30 that are included in the vertical grooves 31 of the support 29.

 When performing milling and studding operations, it is necessary to use a table with a vertical movement mechanism. In this case, the necessary table feed is provided by turning the flywheel 43 (Fig. 5). A shaped cutter is clamped in the chuck 6, and the necessary height of the spikes is provided by feeding the table on which the workpiece is located. When performing more complex work, it is possible to use a coordinate table with movement along two axes, mounted on the indicated milling table.

 The turning device additionally has horizontal guides 32 (Fig. 1), attached on one side to the support 29, and the other resting on additional racks 33. On the horizontal guides 32 there is a tailstock 34 with a center 35, which is fixed by a lock nut 36, and the position of the tailstock 34 relative to the guides 32 is fixed with screws 37. On one of the guides 32 there is a hand 38 installed to support the cutting tool during turning. The handrail 38 is fixed with a screw 39 relative to the guide 32.

 When performing some special milling operations, for example, milling-studding, a removable table (lifting support 20) can be made of a more complex structure. The lifting support 29, in this case, is provided with a screw lifting mechanism 40 (Fig. 5) driven by the worm gear 41, while the lifting support 29 is provided with at least two guides 42 (for example, a double dovetail), by means of which mounted on the housing 1 with the ability to move. Raising and lowering the table is carried out using the flywheel 43. At the same time, a coordinate table (not shown) can be installed on the milling table with movement along two coordinate axes.

 Universal woodworking machine operates as follows.

 When sawing workpieces in the longitudinal direction of the wood fibers, the saw table 11 is raised up to a height sufficient to saw the workpiece. Turn on the electric motor, feed the workpiece and carry out the cut.

 When sawing workpieces across the fiber, the saw table is lowered to achieve optimal clamping of the workpiece during the cutting process and to obtain good quality of the processed surface.

 In the case of installing instead of the saw blade 5 cutters (not shown), the processing is carried out in a similar way, and the table height is varied to obtain blanks of the required profile (for example, selecting a quarter or groove).

 When jointing and planing wood, a removable pressing device with two pressure rollers 9 (Fig. 1) is installed, one of which is located above the front and the other above the rear table of the knife drum 4, this design of the pressing device ensures uniform clamping of the processed material and, as a result, leads to higher quality machined surfaces. Then adjust the necessary height of the front table 7 by turning the adjusting screw 27 in one direction or another. In this case, slide 26, moving along the guides, will raise or lower the front table 7. The thickness of the layer to be removed should not exceed 6 mm, if it is necessary to remove a layer of a larger thickness, they resort to sawing.

 If you remove the knives (not shown) from the knife drum 4 and fasten the grinding skin on it, then you can perform the grinding operation.

 Special milling operations (milling and studding, milling and grooving, milling and grooving, including milling of holes, grooves, grooves, etc.) are carried out using a replaceable milling table, which is attached to the housing 1 from the side of chuck 6. In chuck 6 clamp the appropriate tool (depending on the type of work performed). The workpiece is moved along the milling table mounted on the lifting support 29, while the height of the support is adjusted using screws 30, and the position of the workpiece, depending on the type of work performed, is set manually.

 Turning and turning is carried out using a turning device (figure 1). In this case, it is necessary that the cartridge 6 and the center 35 are on the same axis, which is also provided by the movement of the support 29, fixed by the screws 30. The workpiece is pressed by the tailstock 34, fixed by the screws 37, with the center 35, which, in turn, is clamped by the lock nut 36. Turning is done with hand tools or templates that rely on the handrail 38 to move along the axis of the workpiece along the guide 32.

Some specific milling operations, for example, making a baguette, can be done with a special cutter clamped in a chuck 6. For convenience, the machine is turned 90 ^° and lowered to additional supports 28. After turning on the electric motor 12, the workpiece is moved relative to a vertically located tool, as the supporting surface using a removable table mounted on the support 29, or the side surface of the machine body.

 The universal woodworking machine of the proposed design has wide functional capabilities, provides ease of use and maintenance, high quality processing, and is simple in design.

Currently, a prototype device with the following characteristics has been manufactured and tested at the Anik Limited Liability Partnership:
1. Purpose
sawing wood along up to 200 mm and across the fiber;
wood planing and planing;
milling along the wood fibers;
milling studding across the wood fiber;
milling and grooving work (milling of grooves, grooves, holes, etc.);
turning and turning.

2. Technical data
2.1. Torque to the spindle shaft is transmitted from the electric motor using a V-belt drive.

2.2. The design of the machine in two versions:
1 option.

 The machine operates on a single-phase 220 V.

DC motor with an operating voltage of 220 V;
Power 2.2 kW;
Current 12 A;
Speed 3000 rpm

 With a DC motor, speed control on the shaft is infinitely variable.

 Option 2.

 The machine operates on a 3-phase network. 3-phase electric motor with an operating voltage of 380 V or 220 V. Power 3 kW; Speed 2800 rpm.

 The speed on the shaft with 1 and 2 options is changed using the ratio of the pulleys 1: 2.

2.3. Machine dimensions Length 1000 mm Width 700 mm Height 900 mm Width with side milling table 1000 mm Machine weight 160 kg
2.4. Circular (saw) table Length 1000 mm Width 300 mm Possible installation of circular saws with a diameter of 200 to 400 mm Circular mills with a diameter of 120 to 200 mm Circular mills with a width of up to 50 mm Lifting height 120 mm
2.5. Jointing table Length 1000 mm Width 380 mm Thickness of removal of the processed surface 0-6 mm Width of the processed surface 240 mm
2.6. Milling table Length 1000 mm Width 300 mm Vertical lift 250 mm
2.7. Coordinate table Length 400 mm Width 250 mm Height 60 mm Movement along the "X" axis 120 mm Movement along the "Y" axis 100 mm
3. Accessories
The following equipment is applied to the machine: 1. A ruler for setting the size of 1 pc. 2. Wedge 1 pc. 3. The protective cover of the saw (circular) disc 1 pc. 4. Clamping tool for jointing 1 pc. 5. Coordinate table 1 pc. 6. Nozzle for disk rimming mills 2 pcs. 7. Collet chuck 1 pc. 8. Removable side table for milling work 1 pc. 9. Adapter sleeve from 3 to 2 Morse taper 1 pc. 10. Protective cover for the milling table 1 pc.

 The tests carried out confirmed the high technological and functional capabilities, as well as the ease of use of the proposed universal woodworking machine.

 Thus, the invention allows to provide the ability to perform a number of additional milling and sawing operations with the greatest convenience for the user (without significant readjustment of the machine).

 All this allows the proposed device to be widely used in the national economy and provide consumers with new and useful tools for processing wood and blanks.

 The economic effect of the implementation of the proposed technical solution is calculated in each case, depending on the type of technological process of its production.

Claims (3)

1. A UNIVERSAL WOODWORKING MACHINE, including a housing with supports, a spindle shaft with a knife drum, a saw blade and a chuck, a front and rear tables of a knife drum, a removable clamping device with at least one pressure roller located above them, a mechanism for raising and lowering the front table, a table of a saw blade, interchangeable attachments for milling and turning with working bodies and a spindle shaft drive made in the form of an electric motor, characterized in that the table of the saw blade is installed in mounted x on the case of guides with the possibility of vertical movement and fixing in a predetermined position, while the mechanism for raising and lowering the front table of the knife drum is made in the form of an inclined slide with guides mounted on the case, and the case has additional supports mounted on the side of the saw blade for installation when turning the machine 90 ^o .  2. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure device has an additional pressure roller, while the pressure rollers are located above the front and rear tables of the knife drum.  3. The machine according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the replaceable attachments for milling are provided with guides and mounted on the body with the possibility of vertical movement by means of a screw mechanism and a worm pair.

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