RU183197U1 - Plant for cleaning seeds from litter - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering, namely to machines for cleaning seeds from litter. To expand technological capabilities, increase productivity and improve the quality of separation of seeds from litter in a device for cleaning seeds from litter, which contains an elastic screening surface, drive, loading screen and unloading device, the screening surface is made spiral in the form of a hollow perforated tunnel with a multi-helical perforated screw a surface that is rolled along the perimeter along the 0-0 spiral axis around the central straight axis of the 0-0 spiral perforated casing, equipped with helical grooves inside and outside at an angle to the spiral axis of the 0-0 hollow perforated tunnel, in the form of pockets of a polygonal shape, with three or more sides and assembled from sections in the form of perforated rings of the same shape and size, folded from the same perforated diamond-shaped strips, on which trapeziums are placed, the sides of which are located on the sides sides of the rhomboid perforated strip, and the upper and lower bases of the trapezoid are at an acute angle to the axis of symmetry of the perforated strip 0-0 and are fold lines located at a distance from each other, equal to the length of the sides of the pockets of a polygonal shape, with three or more lateral sides, this section, made in the form of perforated rings, are connected to each other by the lateral sides of the trapezoid, and the perforated body is equipped with a vibrator.

Description

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering, namely to machines for cleaning seeds from litter.

A device for cleaning seeds is known (see patent No. 2176563, class B07B 1/22, 2001), containing loading and unloading devices, a drive and a screening surface installed by means of elastic elements, made in the form of spatial sections connected in series, each of which made in the form of isosceles prisms or in the form of oblique parallelepipeds, rotated relative to the previous one by an angle of 90 ° around the axis of the screening surface with the formation along the perimeter of zigzag or helical lines with a variable pitch .

A disadvantage of the known device is the lack of operational and technological capabilities.

Closest to the proposed invention is a toroidal device for the separation of seeds (RU 2347615 C1, 02.27.2009, B02B 1/00, 11 sec.), Containing loading and unloading devices, a drive and a screening surface made resiliently by means of elastic elements made in the form of a torus with a screw surface around the perimeter of sections connected to each other and mounted from a bent perforated strip with alternating formation along the length of the perforated strip of different sizes of sieves in the form of equilateral and isosceles triangles, at the same time, on the two sides of the largest equilateral triangle, two identical isosceles triangles are located with their bases, on the sides of which are two identical equilateral triangles with two identical isosceles triangles located to them with their bases, on one of which is an equilateral triangle, and, the sides of the smaller equilateral triangles differ from the sides of the large equilateral triangles by the same linear cause, and the sections are connected to each other by the free sides of the mentioned triangles with the formation on the outer and inner screening surface of broken screw lines and screw screening surfaces.

A disadvantage of the known device is insufficient operational and technological capabilities, insufficient quality of separation of seeds from litter.

The technical result of the task is to expand operational and technological capabilities, improve the quality of separation of seeds from litter.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the installation for cleaning seeds from litter containing a screening surface elastically installed by means of elastic elements, loading and unloading devices, the screening surface is made spiral, in the form of a hollow perforated tunnel with a multi-helical perforated surface, rolled around the perimeter along the spiral axis 0 ₁ -0 ₁ around the central rectilinear axis 0 ₂ -0 ₂ , provided with helical grooves inside and out at an angle to the spiral axis 0 ₁ -0 _{1 is} empty a separate perforated tunnel, in the form of pockets of a polygonal shape, with three or more sides and assembled from sections in the form of perforated rings of the same shape and size, folded from the same perforated diamond-shaped strips on which trapeziums are located, the sides of which are located on the sides rhomboid perforated strip, and the upper and lower bases of the trapezoid are located at an acute angle to the axis of symmetry of the perforated strip 0 ₃ -0 ₃ and are bend lines located at distances d from each other, equal to the length of the sides of the pockets of a polygonal shape with three or more sides, while the sections made in the form of perforated rings are connected to each other by the sides of the trapezoid, and the screening surface is equipped with a vibrator.

According to the patent literature, a technical solution is not found that is similar to the claimed one, which allows us to judge the usefulness of the proposed utility model of a plant for cleaning seeds from litter.

The novelty is that the installation of a vibrator under the base with a perforated surface provides a trajectory of oscillations of the perforated surface together with seeds and litter in the form of a vertical ellipse, which increases the specific gravity of the total kinetic energy (E _n ) and increases productivity.

The novelty lies in the fact that the screening surface is made spiral in the form of a hollow perforated tunnel with a multi-helical perforated surface around the perimeter of a spiral axis 0 ₁ -0 ₁ rolled around a central rectilinear axis 0 ₂ -0 _{2 of a} spiral perforated body provided with helical grooves inside and outside at an angle to the spiral axis 0 ₁ -0 _{1 of the} hollow perforated tunnel, in the form of pockets of a polygonal shape, with three or more sides.

The novelty is due to the fact that the screening surface is made spiral with a multiple screw perforated surface, which increases the intensity of the interaction of seeds and litter, increases the productivity and quality of separation of seeds from litter, and expands technological capabilities.

The novelty lies in the fact that the screening surface, equipped with helical grooves inside and outside at an angle to the spiral axis 0 ₁ -0 _{1 of the} hollow perforated tunnel, in the form of pockets of a polygonal shape, with three or more sides assembled from sections in the form of identical shapes and the size of the perforated rings, rolled from the same perforated diamond-shaped strips, on which trapeziums are placed, the sides of which are located on the sides of the diamond-shaped strip, and the upper and lower bases of the trapezoid Position the acute angle to the symmetry axis of the perforated strip ₃ -0 0 ₃ and fold lines are located at distances from each other equal to the length of the sides of the pockets of a polygonal shape with three or more sides, the sections are connected to each other sides of trapezoids, which increases the intensity of the interaction of seeds and litter, increases the productivity and quality of separation of seeds from litter, expands technological capabilities.

The novelty is that the helical grooves of the spiral screening surface are made in the form of pockets of a polygonal shape located inside the cross section, which expands the technological capabilities and increases the productivity of separating seeds from litter.

The novelty is seen in the fact that the spiral sifting surface is assembled from the section in the form of perforated rings of the same shape and size, rolled up from the same perforated diamond-shaped strips, on which trapeziums are placed, the sides of which are located on the sides of the diamond-shaped perforated strip, and the upper and lower base trapezium disposed at an acute angle to the axis of symmetry of diamond perforated strip ₃ -0 0 ₃ and fold lines are located at a distance from each other equal to the length of rmanov polygonal shape with three or more sides, wherein, sections in the form of perforated rings connected to each other sides of the trapezoid, which increases the intensity of separating seed from litter, improves productivity and product quality, expands technological possibilities.

The novelty of the proposal also lies in the fact that along the entire perimeter of the spiral screening surface, the passage section varies not only in shape but also in area, which provides alternate compression and expansion of seed and litter flows in each section of the spiral screening screen, increases productivity and expands technological capabilities .

The novelty of the invention lies in the fact that the trapezoid of rhomboid perforated strips, from which sections are mounted, are inclined differently not only to each other, but also to the axis of symmetry of the spiral screening surface, therefore, the degree of compression of the seeds and litter streams increases and the process of their separation is intensified.

The novelty lies in the fact that the screening surface is made of perforated sections, the walls of which are inclined not only to each other, but also to the direction of the rotational movement of the seeds and litter flows, moving under the influence of vibration in planes perpendicular to the passage section, this complicates the trajectory of their movement and increases the intensity of preparation of their separation and expands technological capabilities.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a plant for cleaning seeds from litter, general view; in FIG. 2 is a section AA in FIG. one; in FIG. 3 - a visual image of a spiral screening surface with pockets of a polygonal shape; in FIG. 4 is a visual representation of the relative position of the helix 0 ₁ -0 ₁ along which the hollow screening surface with a multiple helical perforated surface around a central straight axis 0 ₂ -0 ₂ is folded; in FIG. 5 - one of the perforated diamond-shaped strips on which trapeziums are located, the upper and lower bases of which are located at an acute angle to the axis of symmetry of the perforated strip 0 ₃ -0 ₃ in the form of a fold line; in FIG. 6 - a perforated strip of a rhomboid shape, bent along the fold lines - the upper and lower bases of the trapezoid; in FIG. 7 is a graphical representation of a diamond-shaped perforated strip rolled into a perforated ring when connecting the upper base nn 'of the trapezoid mnn'm with the lower base of the trapezoid NMM'N'.

Installation for cleaning seeds from litter (Fig. 1, Fig. 2) contains a screening surface 1 rigidly fixed to the platform 2 elastically using four rubber-cord cylinders 3 mounted on the base 4. On the platform 2 is rigidly fixed device 5 for loading and from below to the platform 2 a vibrator 6 with a horizontal axis of rotation is also rigidly attached.

The plant for cleaning seeds from litter is equipped with an unloading device 7 for receiving litter and unloading devices 8 and 9 for removing seeds, equipped with slides 10 and 11, mounted on the platform 2. The perforated body 1 is closed by a semicircular lid (not shown), which prevents the spread of seeds and ensures their direction on the slides 10 and 11.

The vibrator 6 is mounted horizontally under the platform 2 and therefore provides the movement of seeds and litter inside the screening surface 1 under the influence of the vibrator 6 along elliptical trajectories. The screening surface 1 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3) is made spiral. In FIG. 4 shows a visual representation of the relative position of the axis of the spiral - the center of the axis of symmetry 0 ₁ -0 _{1 of the} hollow perforated tunnel-spiral screening surface 1 (in Fig. 4, the spiral screening surface 1 is shown in cross sections 12 of the hollow perforated tunnel with a multi-helical perforated surface) and a central rectilinear axis 0 ₂ -0 ₂ spiral screening surface 1. Thus, the perimeter of the spiral screening surface 1 a perforated tunnel helix noy multistart helical shape with a perforated surface on the perimeter and supply helical grooves inside and outside the angled α to the axis of symmetry of the helix ₁ 0 ₁ -0 center axis of symmetry (FIG. 3) of the spiral screening surface 1, coiled helically 0 ₁ -0 ₁ around the central axis 0 ₂ -0 _{2 of the} spiral screening surface 1. The helical grooves of the spiral screening surface 1 are made in the form of pockets 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 on the inner surface and pockets on the outer surface 19, 20, 21, 22 , 23, 24 perforated tunnel with WASHING shape (FIG. 4, FIG. 7) in the form of pockets of a polygonal shape with three or more sides. Spiral screening surface 1 is mounted from sections in the form of perforated rings 25 of the same shape and size, connected to each other by lateral sides 26 and 27 (Fig. 7).

The result is a hollow perforated tunnel of the spiral screening surface 1 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3) with the axis of the spiral - the center of the axis of symmetry 0 ₁ -0 _{1 of the} spiral screening surface 1, twisted around a central rectilinear axis 0 ₂ -0 ₂ spiral sieving surface 1 in diameter D _cp with the formation of a spiral sieving surface 1 with an outer diameter of D _max and an inner diameter of D _min (Fig. 4).

Moreover, the hollow spiral sieving surface 1 with a multiple helical surface is provided with helical grooves in the form of pockets of a polygonal shape with three or more sides 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 on the inner surface and pockets 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 along the outer surface of the spiral screening surface 1 (Fig. 4).

Thus, a hollow spiral sifting surface 1 with its own spiral axis of symmetry 0 ₁ -0 ₁ rolled along this spiral 0 ₁ -0 ₁ around a central straight axis 0 ₂ -0 ₂ form a spiral perforated tunnel 1 (Fig. 4).

Section 21 is made in the form of a perforated ring 25 (Fig. 7), mounted from a diamond-shaped perforated strip 28 (Fig. 5), on which trapeziums are placed, the sides of which are located on the sides of the diamond-shaped perforated strip 28, and the upper and lower bases of these trapezes (Fig. 5) are located at an acute angle β to the axis of symmetry of the diamond-shaped strip 0 ₃ -0 ₃ and are fold lines (Fig. 5 and Fig. 6) located at distances from each other equal to the length of the sides of the pockets of the spiral sifting surface 1, made in the form with WASHING perforated hollow tunnel.

In FIG. 5 shows the trapezoid:

NMM'N '- the first trapezoid,

MFF'M '- the second trapezoid,

FEE'F '- the third trapezoid,

ETT'E '- the fourth trapeze,

TNN'T '- the fifth trapezoid,

HRR'H '- sixth trapezoid,

RSS'R '- the seventh trapezoid,

SLL'S '- the eighth trapezoid,

LGG'L '- the ninth trapeze,

GJJ'G '- the tenth trapezoid,

JZZ'J '- the eleventh trapeze,

ZWW'Z '- the twelfth trapezoid.

Moreover, NN 'is the smallest of all the upper bases of the trapezoid located on the rhomboid perforated strip 28, below the fold line WW' ', and WW' is the largest of all the lower bases of the trapezoid located on the rhomboid shaped perforated strip 28, below the fold line WW 'and of the above twelve trapezoids.

In FIG. 5 also shows the trapezoid:

WPP'W '- the thirteenth trapezoid,

Pjj'P '- the fourteenth trapezoid,

jgg'j '- the fifteenth trapezoid,

gkk'g '- sixteenth trapezoid,

kss'k '- the seventeenth trapezoid,

srr's' - the eighteenth trapezoid,

rhh'r '- the nineteenth trapezoid,

htt'h 'is the twentieth trapeze,

tee't '- twenty-first trapeze,

eff'е '- twenty-second trapeze,

fmm'f '- twenty-third trapezoid,

mnn'm 'is the twenty-fourth trapeze.

Moreover, nn 'is the smallest base of all the upper bases of the trapezoid located on the diamond-shaped perforated strip 28, above the fold line WW', which for all trapezoids, in turn, is the largest of all the lower bases from the thirteenth to the twenty-fourth trapezoid.

Thus, the fold line WW 'is not only the lower base of the trapezoid ZWW'Z', but also the upper base of the trapezoid PWW'P 'and the longest fold line of the perforated ring 25 and the diamond-shaped perforated strip 28.

Moreover, the fold lines NN 'and nn' are the shortest of all the fold lines of the diamond-shaped perforated strip 28 and the ring 25.

The ratio of the length of the fold line WW 'and NN' (nn ') determines the step S, spiral 0 _{1 -} 0 _1, and hence the pitch of winding the hollow perforated tunnel around the straight axis 0 ₂ -0 _{2 of the} spiral sifting surface 1. The diamond-shaped perforated strip 28 is bent along the straight fold lines, which are the bases of twenty-four trapezoids, as shown in FIG. 6 parallel to each other, and then rolled into a perforated ring 25 (Fig. 7) with a multifaceted perforated surface.

The edges nn 'and NN' are joined by known methods, for example by welding, soldering, etc. with the formation of sections in the form of perforated rings 25 (Fig. 7).

Sections in the form of identical perforated rings 25 are connected to each other sequentially by the lateral sides 26 and 27 so that all the fold lines are a continuation of the same fold lines of the previous perforated ring.

As a result of such assembly, helical lines are formed along the perimeter of the hollow spiral perforated tunnel, shown in FIG. 3, for example, with a thickened line 29-30-31-32-33-34-35-36-37-38-39.

Thus, the spiral screening surface 1 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3) is made around the perimeter in the form of a multi-helical spiral perforated surface with helical lines around the perimeter of the spiral screening surface 1 (one of the helical lines shown in Fig. 3 thickened line 29-30-31-32-33-34-35-36-37-38-39) 0, and helical grooves inside and outside the spiral - screening surface 1 in the form of pockets of a polygonal shape 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 , 18 with three or more sides on the inner surface and 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 on the outer surface in the form of pockets of a polygonal shape with three or more sides at an angle β to the helical axis of the hollow perforated tunnel spiral shape of the spiral screening surface 1.

A spiral screening surface 1 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3) in the form of a spiral hollow perforated tunnel with a screw perforated surface along its inner and outer perimeter with the formation of pockets of a polygonal shape with three or more sides can be made in another way.

Installation for cleaning seeds from litter works as follows.

The disturbing force of the vibrator 6 through the walls of the spiral screening surface 1 is transmitted to the particles of litter and seeds inside the spiral screening surface 1 and entering the spiral screening surface 1 in a continuous stream through the loading device 5. The seeds and particles of litter rotate along vertical elliptical trajectories, in which and there is a process of separation of seeds from particles of litter. At the same time, litter particles and seeds not only interact intensively with each other, but also under the influence of vibration rotate in a plane perpendicular to the through section of the spiral screening surface 1. Since the cross-sectional dimensions along the length of the spiral screening surface 1, the shape and location change, then the disturbance of the movement of particles of litter and seeds, which in this case interact with the pockets of the polygonal shape of the inner walls of the spiral screening surface 1, is aggravated, i.e. there is an increase in seed intensity from litter particles. The presence of helical surfaces and helical lines around the perimeter of the spiral screening surface 1 contributes not only to the complication of the trajectories of the particles of litter and seeds, but also their movement along the passage section of the spiral screening surface 1 towards the discharge and unloading device 7.

When particles of litter and seeds move along the cross-section of the spiral screening surface 1 due to changes in the cross-section in shape and size, compression and rarefaction zones are formed in each section of the spiral screening surface 1 throughout its volume, which also intensifies the process of separation of seeds from litter and expands technological capabilities. Seeds through perforations of the spiral screening surface 1 are taken out of it and fall on the slides 10 and 11 and transferred to the unloading devices 8 and 9 for removal of seeds. Litter through the discharge window 40, is discharged into the discharge device 7.

Technical and economic advantages arise due to the fact that the spiral screening surface 1 is made spiral with a multi-screw perforated screw around the perimeter with pockets of a polygonal shape, rolled up in a spiral, which provides increased productivity and expansion of technological capabilities, as well as due to the installation of a vibrator horizontally below the platform with a spiral screening surface, which provides an increase in the specific gravity of kinetic energy by 1.3-1.5 times and increases the production The ability to clean seed from litter.

Claims (1)

Installation for cleaning seeds from litter, containing a screening surface resiliently installed by means of elastic elements, loading and unloading devices, characterized in that the screening surface is made spiral in the form of a hollow perforated tunnel with a multi-helical perforated surface, rolled around the perimeter along the spiral axis 0 ₁ -0 ₁ around a central linear axis 0 ₂ -0 ₂ provided with helical grooves inside and outside the spiral at an angle to the axis 0 ₁ -0 _1, the hollow perforated about the tunnel, in the form of pockets of a polygonal shape, with three or more sides and assembled from sections in the form of perforated rings of the same shape and size, folded from the same perforated diamond-shaped strips, on which trapeziums are placed, the sides of which are located on the sides of the diamond-shaped apertured strip, and the upper and lower bases of the trapezoids are arranged at an acute angle to the symmetry axis of the perforated strip ₃ -0 0 ₃ and fold lines are located at distances from each other, equal length e pockets sides of a polygonal shape with three or more sides, with sections made in the form of perforated rings connected to each other sides of the trapezoid, wherein the sieving surface is provided with a vibrator.

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