RU118163U1 - SOWING SEEDER SECTION - Google Patents

Abstract

Section of openers of a row-crop seeder, including a frame on which a stand is installed, movably fixed on the axis, at the end of which there is a duckfoot share that opens the seed bed, a safety spring is mounted to the stand, behind the stand there is a press-on furrow wheel that compacts the seed bed and forms a groove for placement behind the furrow-forming wheel there is a seed tube, behind which there are harvesters and a press wheel, the seeding depth is regulated by the wheel-limiter, the section is attached to the seeder frame using a parallelogram hitch.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of agricultural engineering, in particular, to the closing organs of sowing machines.

According to studies conducted by the State Scientific Institution "Institute of Experimental Botany. V.F. Kuprevich of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus ”together with the Republican Unitary Enterprise“ Scientific and Practical Center of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus on Agricultural Mechanization ”, it was proved that the best germination is achieved when the seedlings are located in the soil at the border of two layers of dense and upper loose. The roots of the plant penetrate into the lower layer of the soil, capillaries are well developed in it, and the plants are provided with moisture, regardless of the weather conditions that develop after sowing. The upper mulching layer protects the dense bed from evaporation of moisture and desiccation, through which air exchange and heat flow occur. The density of the upper soil layer changes after sowing rolling, which can lead to an increase in the germination of seedlings. At the same time, the contact of the seeds with the soil (rich in oxygen) increases, as well as a more uniform seeding of seeds to a depth. In this case, excessive compaction is not allowed.

Kill devices that meet these requirements include keel-shaped (pink) coulters; forming grooves with a compacted bed due to the slip of the skid on the surface of the field, pressing the top layer of soil.

The disadvantages of such devices are the increased requirements for pre-sowing tillage, flatness of field and humidity. With poor-quality pre-sowing treatment or subsequent re-compaction of the soil, the runner either deepens too deep, slowing down germination, or leaves seeds on the surface.

Disc coulters are also known, forming grooves due to the rotation of the discs at a certain angle.

During the operation of such openers, there is no sufficient compaction of the groove walls, which leads to shedding of soil to the bottom of the furrow and, accordingly, to an increase in the unevenness of seed placement.

In connection with these shortcomings, a more promising technical solution can be considered when a lancet paw is used to open the sowing bed, and a furrow-forming roller is used to form and seal the grooves (Fig. 1).

When researching row seeders, no analogues were found.

The purpose of the utility model is to increase the yield of row crops by increasing the quality of seed placement in the soil, forming an appropriate sowing bed, accuracy of seed placement in depth and linearity along the row, as well as reducing the impact of the quality of pre-sowing treatment on sowing and field germination of crops.

This goal is achieved in that the opener seeder section includes a frame on which a stand is mounted, movably mounted on an axis, a lancet paw is installed at the end of which opens the seed bed, a safety spring is mounted to the stand, a furrow-forming wheel that comes in contact with it is attached and the seed box is sealed and forming a groove for laying the seeds, behind the furrow-forming wheel there is the vas deferens, behind which there are earthing and packing wheels, the depth of embedding emyan regulated limiter wheel section is attached to the planter frame via a parallelogram linkage.

Figure 1 shows a section of the seeder, side view; figure 2 is a top view; figure 3 is an isometry; figure 4 is a prototype.

The section contains (Fig. 1) a frame (1), on which are installed: a stand (4) with a lancet paw (13), a safety spring (5), a furrow-forming wheel rolling in (6) pressed to the soil by a spring (11), shortcuts (7) ) and press wheel (9). The seed placement depth is provided by the limiter wheel (10). The section is attached to the support frame of the seeder (3) by means of a parallelogram linkage (2).

The coulter works as follows. The lancet paw (13) opens the bottom of the furrow, forming soil ridges on both sides along the row. The next rolling furrow-forming wheel (6) forms a compacted groove into which seeds are laid through the seed tube (12). Zagortachi (7) rake the soil rollers, discarded by the lancet paw (13), to the center and close the groove with seeds. The press wheel (9) compacts the topsoil, providing better contact between the seeds and the seed bed.

At the same time, we get a well-repaired seed located on the border of the moist and oxygen-enriched soil layers, with soil compaction under the grain and a slight compaction above it. The soil layer under the seed quickly restores its capillary structure, which contributes to a faster bite of the seeds - and to increase the uniformity of field germination.

Claims (1)

A row opener seeder section, including a frame on which a stand is mounted, movably mounted on an axis, at the end of which a lancet foot is installed that opens the sowing bed, a safety spring is mounted on the stand, a furrow-forming wheel is attached behind the stand, sealing the seed bed and forming a groove for laying seed, behind the furrow-forming wheel there is the vas deferens, behind which there are earthing and packing wheels, the depth of seed placement is regulated by the limit wheel elem, sowing section is attached to the frame via a parallelogram linkage.