RU118166U1 - UNIT FOR UNIFORM DISTRIBUTION AND SEALING OF THE GRAIN PART HARVESTING FROM ROLLS BY FIELD - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for evenly distributing the non-grain part of the crop from the windrows over the field and embedding it in the soil, including a discator mounted on the rear hitch of the tractor, characterized in that it contains a frame hung on the front hitch of the tractor, on which three transverse combs with spring rakes are fixed by means of clamps staggered, which ensures the most uniform distribution of the non-grain part of the crop over the field, an adjusting bar is also installed on the frame to change the angle of installation of the combs, which is fixed with a lock, and to be able to adjust the height of the frame and copy the surface of the field, support bars are installed on the frame wheels.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of agricultural engineering, in particular to devices for the uniform distribution, grinding and incorporation of the non-cereal part of the crop.

A known method of harvesting crops and a device for its implementation [1], the essence of which is to mow the upper grain part of the plant at the same time within 1/3 of the stem, chop the remaining part of the stems and evenly distribute it on the surface of the harvested field, ensuring the grinding of ground the mass of plants and stubble into the soil as organic fertilizer and loosening the soil to destroy weeds, loading the mowed grain part of plants into vehicles and transporting to st stationary points of drying and threshing grain or to the edge of the field to form a stack, followed by threshing of ears. The device for harvesting crops contains a header, on the frame of which a cutting apparatus is mounted, a reel, a transverse conveyor with a slatted blade, a loading conveyor for feeding the beveled mass into the vehicle, a frame on which a rotary chopper with a two-tier arrangement of knives is pivotally mounted parallel to the cutting apparatus of the header one section of disk batteries, and the other section with disks mounted on a beam pivotally connected to the header frame. The drive of the working bodies of the header and the rotary chopper is carried out from the PTO of the power tool through the gearbox. The device is aggregated with energy using trailed equipment.

The disadvantages of this device is the relatively high energy intensity of the process due to the operation of the rotary grinder. The device is complex, the presence of a gearbox, rotary chopper, conveyors and reel reduces the reliability of the design.

Known universal conveyor-finger rakes [2], containing a frame with a hitch, side supporting copy wheels, two pivotally mounted on the frame sections of infinite flexible elements with spring fingers fixed on them and a drive mechanism for these elements from the tractor, with a central support mounted on the frame a wheel equipped with a mechanism for regulating its height position.

The disadvantages of the prototype are the design complexity, fragility and high cost of repair and maintenance.

The objectives of the invention are to increase the efficiency of planting the non-cereal part of the crop and reduce the energy intensity and high cost of the device for its implementation during harvesting of grain crops, due to the uniform distribution of the non-cereal part of the crop from the rolls across the field, its quality incorporation into the soil, and also simplifying the design.

Figure 1 shows a General view of the unit in the idle position.

Figure 2 shows a device for uniform distribution of the non-cereal part of the crop from the rolls across the field.

The unit (figure 1) for uniform distribution of the non-cereal part of the crop from the rolls across the field and its incorporation into the soil contains rake mounted on the front linkage of the tractor, and a disc mounted on the rear linkage of the tractor. The rake frame 1 (Fig. 2) is fixed to the tractor using a hinged device 8. Three transverse combs 2 are mounted on the frame 1 using clamps 6, on which the spring rake 3 is fixed. The spring rake is staggered, which ensures the most even distribution of the grainless parts of the crop in the field. The installation angle of the combs is changed by the adjusting bar 4 and fixed in a certain position using the latch 5. Also, the support wheels 7 are installed on the frame for the possibility of adjusting the height of the rake frame and copying the field surface.

Frame 2 is a diskator, the width of which is equal to the width of the grablin.

The unit operates as follows. A tractor with combs and a drive mounted on it moves across the rolls of the non-grain part of the crop. The combs in front of the tractor distribute the non-grain part of the crop across the field to a certain thickness. The thickness of the distribution is regulated by the angle of inclination of the combs with the help of the bar and the support wheels. Further, the distributed non-cereal part of the crop is embedded in the soil using a disc machine.

The distance between the rows of combs depends on the density and height of the straw rolls and is calculated by the following formula:

where V _p - the speed of the translational movement of the unit, m / s;

h ₁ - roll height remaining after the passage of the first row of combs, m;

h ₀ - roll height remaining after the passage of the second row of combs, m;

g is the acceleration of gravity, m / s;

H ₀ - the initial height of the straw roll, m

The use of this unit allows to reduce soil compaction by reducing the number of tractor passes, to reduce the evaporation of moisture from the soil, to slow the development of harmful bacteria under straw rolls, which gives a great economic effect.

Literature

1. RF patent No. 2192117. A method of harvesting crops (options) and a device for its implementation. B.I. No. 18, 2000.

2. RF patent No. 2063118. Universal conveyor-finger rake. B.I. No. 19, 1996.

Claims (1)

A device for uniform distribution of the non-cereal part of the crop from the rolls across the field and its incorporation into the soil, including a disc drive mounted on the rear linkage of the tractor, characterized in that it comprises a frame mounted on the front linkage of the tractor, on which three transverse combs with spring rakes are mounted with clamps located in a checkerboard pattern, which ensures the most even distribution of the non-grain part of the crop across the field, an adjustment bar is also installed on the frame to change the rowing angle approx, which is fixed by means of a retainer for positioning and possible height adjustment of the frame and the copy field surface on the frame support wheels are mounted.