RU105977U1 - UNIT FOR RECEPTION, PRELIMINARY CLEANING AND DRYING OF CEREAL POWDER - Google Patents

Abstract

 A unit for receiving, pre-cleaning and drying grain heaps, including a noria with lower and upper heads, a pre-cleaner, an unused waste bin, a pre-refined grain loading elevator, a grain temporary storage bin, a dryer elevator, a dryer with a three-section cylindrical sieve with fraction receivers located under it, characterized in that the unit is additionally equipped with silos for tracking and cooling grain, a grain heap receiver consisting of a front continuous th rear wall and a perforated connected with the air passage, the screw is connected to the lower head of the elevator between the receiver wall and the bottom of the dryer is connected to a hopper for binning and by cooling the grain elevator.

Description

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering and can be applied in agriculture and the processing industry for receiving, pre-cleaning and drying grain heaps.

A known unit consisting of a receiving hopper, pre-cleaner, elevator loading pre-refined grain, temporary storage bins, elevator loading dryer, dryer. (Perekopsky A.N., Kuzovnikov A.N. Energy-saving technology for post-harvest processing of seed grain on the basis of a production and experimental complex. // Ecology and Agricultural Technology. Materials of the international scientific and practical conference. Volume II. St. Petersburg State University, SZNIIMESH of the Russian Agricultural Academy. 2009.p.96-97.)

The disadvantage of the unit is the low productivity of processing seed heaps of seed, the low quality of the seeds and high energy consumption.

Low productivity and high energy consumption is caused by the fact that with increased humidity of the grain heap fed to the dryer, the time for bringing it to standard humidity increases.

The decrease in the quality of the resulting seeds is caused by the fact that the high-moisture heap, while waiting for processing and is in large quantities in front of the noriya feeding it for processing, self-heats, which leads to a decrease in its germination.

The closest in technical solution and the achieved technical result is the unit, including elevator with lower and upper heads, a pre-cleaner; unused waste bin, loading elevator of pre-refined grain loading bunker, temporary loading grain storage elevator, dryer loading elevator, dryer with a three-section cylindrical sieve with fraction receivers located under it (RF Patent for Utility Model No. 88421. Publ. 10.11.2009. Bull. No. 31) .

The technical result consists in increasing productivity, reducing energy costs for processing grain heaps and improving the quality of the resulting seeds.

The essence of the utility model is that the unit for receiving, pre-cleaning and drying the grain heap includes a noria with lower and upper heads, a pre-treatment machine, an unused waste bin, a pre-treated grain elevator, a temporary grain storage bin, a dryer elevator, a dryer with a three-section cylindrical sieve with fraction receivers located under it. In the unit, hoppers for tracking and cooling grain are additionally installed, a grain pile receiver consisting of a front continuous wall and a perforated rear wall connected to the air channel, a screw connected to the lower elevator head is located between the walls of the receiver, and the lower part of the dryer is connected to the tracking hoppers and cooling the grain through the elevator.

Additional bins and their connection by means of a noriya with the lower part of the dryer are necessary for bedding, cooling, bringing the grain material to a moisture content of 14%. In the first bunker, into which the grain enters with a moisture content of 15.5-16%, grain is graded, during which the heat concentrated inside each grain is uniformly distributed along its contour.

When grain material enters the next hopper (active ventilation hopper), using air, the heat dispersed along the contour of the grains is removed to the environment. At the same time, there is a decrease in grain moisture to a conditional 14%.

The grain heap receiver, consisting of a front solid wall and a perforated rear wall connected to the air channel, a screw located between the walls of the receiver and connected to the lower elevator head, is necessary to prevent self-heating of the grain heap awaiting preliminary cleaning and drying, and, therefore, to reduce it germination. In Fig.1 shows a diagram of the unit.

The unit consists of a grain heap receiver 1 with a front continuous wall 2, a rear perforated wall - 3 air channels 4, a screw 5, a noriya 6, a pre-cleaner 7, a hopper for temporary storage of grain 8, a noriya 9, a 3-section cylindrical sieve 10, receivers 11, 12, 13, 14 fractions, grain dryer 15, additional drying units 16, bins 17, 18, elevator 19. The unit operates as follows.

Wet grain heap coming from combine harvesters is fed to the grain heap receiver 1, consisting of a front continuous wall 2, a rear perforated wall 3, an air channel 4 and an auger 5, directing the material into the noria 6, which feeds the material to the machine 7 located above the hopper 8 preliminary cleaning for separation of light, large and partially fine weed impurities. Pre-cleaned grain heap enters the hopper 8 for temporary storage of grain. Noriya 9 grain heap from the hopper 8 is fed to a 3-section cylindrical sieve 10.

Small weed impurities are emitted to the first sieve 10 receiver 10, the remaining small weed impurities and small puny seeds of the main culture are sifted to the second receiver 12, the seed fraction of grain passes to the third receiver 13, and large unripened grains of the main culture and the remaining large impurities. The components of the grain heap from the second and fourth receivers 12 and 14 are sent to additional drying units 16 for drying in feed mode.

The seed fraction from the third receiver 13 enters the grain dryer 15, continuous operation for drying it in seed mode to a moisture content of 15.5 ... 16%. Two-threaded noria 19 grain material enters the hopper 17 for tracking. After bedding, the grain of the second part of the elevator 19 enters the active ventilation hopper 18, for cooling and bringing to a conditioned humidity - 14%.

The unit allows you to increase productivity, reduce energy costs for processing grain heaps and improve the quality of the seeds.

Claims (1)

A unit for receiving, pre-cleaning and drying grain heaps, including a noria with lower and upper heads, a pre-cleaner, an unused waste bin, a pre-refined grain loading elevator, a grain temporary storage bin, a dryer elevator, a dryer with a three-section cylindrical sieve with fraction receivers located under it, characterized in that the unit is additionally equipped with silos for tracking and cooling grain, a grain heap receiver consisting of a front continuous th rear wall and a perforated connected with the air passage, the screw is connected to the lower head of the elevator between the receiver wall and the bottom of the dryer is connected to a hopper for binning and by cooling the grain elevator.