RS49853B - HELP FOR USERS WITH CONSEQUENCES OF DAMAGE TO CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM AND / OR DAMAGE TO LOCOMOTOR BODY APPARATUS - Google Patents

Abstract

Aids for users with consequences of damage to the central nervous system and / or injuries to the locomotor apparatus of the body containing the recliner (1), located in the upper part of the user's body and adapted to disassemble the shoulder and bring the shoulder blades closer to the spine; means for correcting the midbrain of the user, located in the lumbar region; at least one means (16) of correction of the lower extremity thigh and lower leg, with the possibility of fixing the thigh and lower leg in a given position; at least one ankle and toe lower limb correction means (21) • made with the possibility of fixation of the foot relative to the ankle, numerous rotary rotary elements (33) and numerous connectors (41), characterized in that said aids elements represent separate modules (A, B, C, D) covering certain areas of the user's body, each of which is self-contained, with the recliner (1) being the first module (A), the middle section correction means the second module (B), adapted for the correction of the spine without vertical loading, at least one means of correcting the lower extremity thigh and lower leg is a third module (C), with the possibility of fixing the thigh and lower leg in a given position allowing freedom of movement of the knee joint, and at least one means of correction the ankle and toes of the lower extremity is the fourth module (D), with the possibility of fixing the feet with respect to the frontal and sagittal plane of the hinge while allowing the hinge to move freely, the outer surface of each module (A, B, C, D) is made of "Velcro-hedgehog" material, adapted for the application of the Velcro buckle type ", the corrective-rotational elements (33) in turn connect the second, third and fourth modules (B, C, D) with the possibility of their separation, and each corrective-rotary element (33} is made in the form of a strip of elastic material with relative elongation of 5 to 50% by allowing the movement of the user to be corrected during its movement and having means of connection (41), which adjusts the tension of the corrective-rotational elements (33) at each place of their connection with the second, third and fourth module (B, C, D ) and which have an adhesive surface, adapted to allow "Velkro buckle" type connections to: -the outer surface of the module (B, C, D) at any location of that surface, depending on the user's palology.

Description

Technical field

This invention relates to medicine, and more specifically - to an aid for the treatment of patients with the consequences of damage to the central nervous system and/or injuries to the locomotor apparatus of the body.

Prior art

The problem of treating the above-mentioned diseases is very topical, given that there is a large number of patients who suffer from such diseases. At the same time, in the whole world there is a tendency to increase the number of people suffering from the aforementioned disease.

The topicality of the treatment of the mentioned diseases is determined not only by the large number of patients, but also by the quality of known treatment methods.

At the moment, there are various aids for restoring the locomotor functions of different parts of the human skeletal-muscular system.

For example, practically all known orthopedic aids for the treatment of pathology of the lower extremities (both metal-plastic and splint-leather) represent the so-called "external skeleton", which protects the function of muscles and the capsule-ligament apparatus of the joints of the extremities. Thus, in US patent no. 5 658 242 describes an aid for facilitating the locomotor function of the lower extremities, which contains a lumbar support element (bandage), which is connected via a flexible elastic connection with spring support bandages and ? thigh support bandages. The aforementioned bandages are connected to each other by rigid couplings, which have a hinge joint in their middle part at the level of the knee joint.

The above-mentioned aid allows the load to be removed from the leg muscles when walking and contributes to a certain restoration of the locomotor functions of the legs of the user, who has suffered trauma or has a disease of the lower extremities.

But using a solid "external skeleton" leads to weakening and hypotrophy of the muscles of the lower extremities.

In the treatment of the skeletal-muscular system of the upper extremities, well-known aids for the treatment of various parts of the upper extremities can be used, for example, "Upper extremity relief bandage (left/right)", "Elbow bandage<*>, "Back of the hand bandage", "Thumb splint", "Hand holder" (Catalog of orthopedic products, NPC "Ogonek", Moscow, 1998, pp. 12, 13, 33).

But the mentioned aids are complicated to use at the same time, because each of them is individually suitable for autonomous use only in the treatment of specific pathologies of the upper extremities.

At the moment, the authors are not aware of any autonomous aids for restoring the skeletal-muscular system of the user's upper extremities as a whole.

To eliminate the consequences of trauma and operations of the lumbar spine, a well-known aid is widely used, made in the form of a corrective corset on the lumbar spine, which has longitudinal metal inserts (Catalog of orthopedic products, NPC "Ogonek", Moscow, 1998, p. 29). Such an aid in case of certain diseases enables fixing the lumbar part of the spine in a physiologically convenient position.

But all the aids described above are intended for autonomous use in the treatment of the specific pathology of the user. Those aids do not envisage the possibility of their combined use in the event of such a need for medical indications of the disease.

It is a well-known aid for the treatment of patients with posture and motor activity disorders (patent RF 2054907, priority from January 31, 1992), which is a suit made of supportive-static and dynamic elements that complement each other. The support-static elements of that suit represent a collection of supports for the shoulder, card, knee, foot, elbow, hand and fingers, which are connected to each other by dynamic elements - elastic couplings, which enable the creation of a dosed load, which corrects the patient's posture. Each coupling is connected to two supports by attaching one end to one support-static element via a tension regulator and a tight connection from the other end to another support-static element. As a result of such a connection, the position of the elastic couplings in relation to the user's body is achieved in pre-selected directions, specifically - along the front, side and back surface of the patient's body. The stated position of the elastic couplings cannot be changed depending on the user's pathology. In the case of the need to change the corrected posture of the user, the application of another analog aid is required, which was carried out, taking into account the correction of the user's pathology. In this way, the aforementioned aid is functionally limited.

The shoulder support of this aid performs the function of the upper attachment element, for fixing on it elastic couplings and the upper support element of the suit; the pelvic support performs the function of an interval supporting-binding element, exerting a burdensome influence on the spine; foot supports, made in the form of an ankle bandage, stirrups under the arch of the foot, stirrups under the front part of the foot, perform the function of the lower fastening element for fixing on them the elastic couplings of the lower support element of the suit, create a load on the user's body; elbow and knee supports perform the function of interval fastening supports, each of them is made in the form of a bandage, which firmly covers the elbow/knee joint and

significantly limits joint mobility.

The mentioned aid enables the joints to be fixed in the required position, with the creation of a moment of force, which enables bending, straightening, rotation, approaching and moving the extremities and trunk.

But the above-mentioned position of the elastic couplings of the known aid enables the creation of a support-dynamic structure of the suit as a whole, which enables a corrective effect on the patient's body only exactly in accordance with the position of the elastic couplings, because the solid nature of the connection of one of the ends of each corresponding coupling with the corresponding support-static element limits the direction of the installation of the elastic coupling and excludes the creation of a universal functional aid suitable for the treatment of patients with various damage to the locomotor apparatus, including damage to one of the individual parts of the skeletal-muscular system.

In addition, the mentioned aid does not create conditions for reducing the pathological hypertonus of the large chest muscles and, accordingly, does not allow the weakening of the pathological synergy of the muscles of the upper and lower extremities.

What's more, the support-static element of the elbow limits the bending of the user's hands in the elbow joint and makes it impossible to expand the physiological bending angle, and the fixing of elastic couplings in the part of the radiocarpal joint excludes from the treatment process the work of the hand when applying a known aid, because the drain coupling of the thumb cannot compensate for the absence of dosed flexion and extension of the hand.

It is a well-known aid for the treatment of patients with damage to the locomotor system, including the consequences of damage to the central nervous system (RF patent no. 2131232, granted on September 15, 1998). This aid is a suit of elements that complement each other, and contains a recliner for the upper part of the user's body, which is a support-corrective bandage for the upper shoulder girdle and the chest part of the torso, made in the form of a pelota, the height of which is the minimum distance from the seventh cervical vertebra to the lower part of the user's shoulder blades, and the width - the minimum distance between the vertical lines that limit the medial parts of the shoulder blades; supportive-corrective bandages for the shoulders, made in the form of a pellet, in the shape of a triangle, correspond to the anthropometric dimensions of the shoulders and shoulder joints of the user; support-corrective bandage for the lower back, made in the form of a belt, which has a part for mutual fixation with other support-corrective elements; support-corrective bandages for the lower extremities, representing the knees and lower legs, bandages for the forefoot of each foot, bandages for each ankle and each heel.

The support-corrective bandage for the shoulder girdle and the chest part of the trunk reclines the muscles of the chest part of the spine, performs the function of a support-corrective element and participates in the creation of a unique flexible skeleton, through connection with the shoulder bandages. This recliner works as a corrective aid of the reflector-loading type and is a key corrective element of posture in the formation of a unique flexible skeleton.

Supportive-corrective shoulder bandages serve to attach to the same fixed elements and form a flexible skeleton for the trunk and lower extremities of the user.

The support-corrective bandage for the lumbar part performs the function of a support-corrective element, to which elastic couplings are attached. It participates in the formation of a unique flexible skeleton for the trunk and lower extremities.

Supportive-corrective bandages for the lower extremities are designed to be attached to the same corrective-rotational elements and participate in the formation of a unique flexible skeleton for the trunk and lower extremities of the user. Knee braces are applied to ensure the correction of the position of the knee joint in relation to the pelvic-femoral joint, knee braces are used to ensure additional correction of the foot and ankle joint. Knee pads and lower legs are not used at the same time.

Bandages for the front parts of each foot separately, bandages for each ankle joint and each heel part are support-corrective elements for the formation of a unique flexible skeleton in the area of the ankle joint and foot.

All the elements of the aforementioned aid are connected by fixed longitudinal elements (fastening elements), which form a flexible skeleton for the trunk and extremities of the user, as well as elastic couplings, which perform the function of corrective-rotational elements, the size and place of mounting of which can be changed in accordance with the physiological muscle synergies of the user.

The mentioned aid allows to weaken or temporarily eliminate the influence of the patient's neck symmetrical tonic and labyrinthine tonic reflex in order to create conditions for a more complete separation of his shoulders and fixation of them in that position, which is achieved thanks to the application of the recliner in the suit, which in this case is a support-corrective bandage for the upper shoulder girdle and chest part of the torso. In addition, the offered performance of the mentioned elements of the known aid to a certain extent reduces the burdensome impact on the spine compared to the aid described in patent RF no. 2054907, which is favorable for the supporting ligament apparatus of the patient.

But the mentioned aid provides a healing effect only when the suit is used as a whole. At the same time, in the case of the need to have a curative effect on a specific part of the user's skeletal-muscular system, it is necessary to apply the aid as a whole, and the use of only its fragment in the form of a supportive-corrective bandage, which corresponds to the damaged part, does not enable a curative effect, because it does not enable the required correction without the application of the aid as a whole, which enables the necessary for the correction of the tensioning forces of the corrective-rotational elements to be created.

In addition, it is necessary to emphasize that all known aids for the treatment of patients with the consequences of damage to the central nervous system and damage to the locomotor apparatus can be seen as energy circuits, which create, to a greater or lesser extent, a pronounced load on all elements of the spinal column without realistic compensation of a possible deforming effect, and in most cases, the patients have pathology of the spinal column.

Description of the invention

The basis of this invention is the task of creating a universal modular aid for users with the consequences of damage to the central nervous system and/or injuries to the body's locomotor apparatus, whose individual modules are suitable for independent use in the treatment of the corresponding damaged part of the user's skeletal-muscular system, while achieving the fixation of the corrected position of the user's spine without applying a load to the spine, restoring the correct physiological position of the user's body in space and in a state of rest and in dynamics, reducing pathological reflexes and normalizing the user's movements, as and creation of movement organization that is close to normal.

That task was solved by creating an aid for users with the consequences of damage to the central nervous system and/or injury to the locomotor apparatus of the body, which contains a recliner, which is located in the upper part of the user's body and which is adapted to separate the shoulders and bring the shoulder blades closer to the spine; a means of correcting the middle part of the user's body, which is located in the lumbar part; at least one means of correcting the thigh and lower leg of the lower extremity, in the version with the possibility of fixing the thigh and lower leg in a given position; at least one means of correction of the ankle joint and toes of the lower limb, in an embodiment with the possibility of fixing the foot in relation to the ankle joint, numerous corrective-rotational elements and numerous means of connection, in which, in accordance with the invention, the mentioned elements of the aid represent separate modules, which cover certain areas of the user's body, and each of them is designed with the possibility of independent use, whereby the recliner represents the first module, the means of correction of the middle part represents the second module, which is adapted for the correction of the spine without vertical load, at least one means of correction the thighs and lower legs of the lower limb is represented by the third module, made with the possibility of fixing the thigh and lower leg in a given position with the freedom of movement of the knee joint ensured, and at least one means of correcting the ankle joint and the fingers of the lower limb is represented by the fourth module, made with the possibility of fixing the foot in relation to the ankle joint in the frontal and sagittal plane while ensuring the freedom of movement of the ankle joint, while the outer surface of each module is made of a "hedgehog" material, which is adapted for the application of "fastening" type connections velcro", the corrective-rotational elements connect the second, third and fourth modules in turn with the possibility of their separation, and each corrective-rotational element is made in the form of a strip of elastic material with a relative stretch of 5 to 50%, while enabling the correction of the user's movement during its movement, and has connecting means, which regulate the tension of the corrective-rotational elements at each point of their connection with the second, third and fourth modules and which have an adhesive surface, adapted to enable connections of the "Velcro" type with the external surface of the module in any place of the specified surface, depending on the pathology of the user.

It is expedient that each corrective-rotational element has a means for a strand of its length.

It is useful that the recliner contains a first and a second flexible strap, each of them is spatially bent in the form of a loop so that the first and second shoulder straps are formed, and each of them includes a corresponding shoulder joint and has a means of mutual action that connects the first ends of the first and second flexible straps with the possibility of regulating the distance between them and is located on the back of the user, while the other ends of the first and second flexible straps are attached respectively to the first and second flexible straps near the means of mutual action.

It is preferable that the aid comprises a flexible plate, which covers the part of the user's back in the area between the shoulder blades and which is located between the recliner (1) and the user's back, the outer surface of the flexible plate is made of a "Velcro-hedgehog" material, which is adapted for applying a connection of the "Velcro fastening" type and is adapted for connection with the first and second straps of the recliner, the inner side of each of which has an adhesive surface, adapted to enable the "Velcro fastening" type connection with the outer surface of the flexible board, while in the lower part of the board there is a means of connection, adapted for connection with another module.

It is convenient that the device for correcting the middle part of the user's body contains a corset, which has a complex profiled shape, which enables the correction of the spine without vertical load, while the first part of the corset covers the user's body in the lumbar part and has a means for fixing that part on the user's body in the transverse direction, and the second part of the corset covers the back in the area of the shoulder blades.

As a result, the device for correcting the middle part of the user's body contains the following: a corset, which has a complex profiled shape, which enables the correction of the spine without vertical load, which includes the user's body in the lumbar part and has a means for fixing it on the user's body in the transverse direction and a connecting device, made with the possibility of connecting with a device for connecting a flexible plate.

It is possible that the mentioned tool for correcting the thigh and lower leg of the mentioned lower limb contains a first and a second flexible bandage, which includes the lower limb, correspondingly above the knee joint and below the knee joint and fixed in that place with the possibility of regulating the distance via the fastening elements, which exist at one end of each of the flexible bandages, while the flexible bandages are connected in the area of the lower leg by opposite longitudinal edges.

It is useful that the aforementioned means of correcting the ankle joint and toes of the lower limb contains a first flexible belt, which includes the article of the lower limb and which has at one end a means of mutual action for fixing the flexible belt on the article with the possibility of regulating the distance, a second flexible belt which covers the foot in the area of its longitudinal arch and whose ends are attached to the first flexible belt on the opposite sides of the article, an element of the tips of the toes-a plant element in the shape of a cross, the three ends of which are spatially bent towards each other, they include the foot in the area of the tip of the toes and which are connected to each other via fastening elements, and the fourth end is made free and is located under the foot along its entire length, while there are two elastic couplings, which connect the corresponding first and second flexible belt with the element of the tips of the toes-the sole element in the area of the tips of the toes with the possibility of regulating the distance between them.

It is preferable that the aid has fixed-binding means for connecting the corrective-rotational elements with the appropriate module, each of which has at least one clip and in a two-layer design, where the outer surface of the first is made of "Velcro-hedgehog" material, which is adapted for the application of the "Velcro fastening" type connection, and the outer surface of the second layer is adhesive, adapted for the application of the "Velcro fastening" type connection, while each means of connection that exists on each corrective-rotational element has "Velcro-hedgehog" surface, adapted to enable "Velcro" type connection.

It is desirable that the aid has a fifth module, which represents at least one means of correction of the upper extremity, made with the possibility of fixing the shoulder and forearm in a given position while allowing freedom of movement of the elbow joint and whose outer surface is made of "Velcro-hedgehog" material adapted for the application of "Velcro fastening" type connection, while there is at least one corrective-rotational element, which connects the fifth module with the first module, with the possibility of their separation, made in the form of a strip of elastic material with a relative stretch of 5 to 50% and which enables the correction of the movement of the upper extremity during its functioning, while the corrective-rotational element has means of connection, which regulates its tension at the point of connection with the first and fifth modules, as well as an adhesive surface adapted to enable connection of the "Velcro fastening" type anywhere on the outer surfaces of the first and fifth modules, depending on the pathology of the user.

It is desirable that each corrective-rotational element of the means of correction of the upper extremity has a means for changing its length.

It is useful that the means of correction of the upper extremity contains the first and second spatially curved flexible strips, which include the upper extremity, correspondingly above the elbow joint and below the elbow joint and fixed in that place, with the possibility of adjusting the distance via the fastening elements, which exist at one end of each of the spatially curved flexible strips, while the flexible strips are joined in the area of the forearm by opposite longitudinal edges, while there is a flexible element of the hand, ergonomically adapted for fixing on the palm and separation of the thumb of the upper extremity, which is in the shape of the letter V and a means of fixation on the hand, with the possibility of regulating the force of tension of the flexible element of the hand, which is connected to another flexible strip via at least one elastic coupling, which connects the flexible element of the hand to another flexible strip, and at the ends of the elastic couplings there are connection means, which regulate the tension of that coupling in the place of its connection with the flexible element of the hand and the other flexible strip.

The constructive performance of the proposed aid described above enables the creation of a universal modular aid, whose separate modules are suitable for autonomous use in the treatment of the corresponding damaged part of the user's skeletal-muscular system or his central nervous system.

In addition, the aid allows to achieve fixation of the corrected position of the user's spine without applying a vertical load to the spine.

This creates the possibility of rehabilitating the correct physiological position of the user's body in space both at rest and in dynamics, as well as the possibility of reducing pathological reflexes and normalizing the user's movements and creating an organization of the user's movements that is close to normal.

At the same time, the performance of each of the mentioned modules may differ from the one described above and may be in a different performance, suitable for analog purposes.

But the aforementioned goals can be effectively achieved by creating an aid for users with the consequences of damage to the central nervous system and/or injuries of the locomotor apparatus of the body, which includes a recliner, which is located in the upper part of the user's body and which is adapted to separate the shoulders and bring the shoulder blades closer to the spine; a means of correcting the middle part of the user's body, which is located in the lumbar region, at least one means of correcting the thigh and lower leg of the lower limb, in the version with the possibility of fixing the thigh and lower leg in a given position; at least one means of correction of the ankle joint and toes of the lower limb, in an embodiment with the possibility of fixing the foot in relation to the ankle joint, numerous corrective-rotational elements and numerous connecting means, and in accordance with the invention, the said elements of the aid represent separate modules, which cover certain areas of the user's body, each of which is in an embodiment with the possibility of independent application, while the recliner is the first module and contains the first and second flexible strips, each of which is made spatially bent in the form of a loop so as to form the first and the second shoulder strap, each of them includes a corresponding shoulder joint and has a means of mutual action that connects the first ends of the first and second flexible straps to each other with the possibility of adjusting the distance between them and is located on the back of the user, while the other ends of the first and second flexible straps are attached respectively to the first and second flexible straps near the means of action, the means of correction of the middle part is a second module, adapted for the correction of the spine without vertical load and contains a corset that has a complex profiled form, which enables the correction of the spine without vertical load, at mutual that's the first part the corset covers the body of the user in the lumbar region and has means for fixing that part on the body of the user in the transverse direction, and the other part of the corset covers the back in the area of the shoulder blades, at least one means of correcting the thigh and lower leg of the lower limb is the third module, made with the possibility of fixing the thigh and lower leg in a given position while allowing freedom of movement of the knee joint and contains the first and second flexible bandages that cover the lower limb, correspondingly above the knee joint and below the knee joint and fixed on that in place with the possibility of regulating the distance via the fastening elements, which are located at one end of each of the flexible bandages, while the flexible bandages are connected in the area of the lower leg by opposite longitudinal edges, and the fourth module, designed with the possibility of fixing the foot in relation to the ankle joint in the frontal and sagittal plane while allowing freedom of movement of the ankle joint, and which contains the first flexible belt that covers the joint of the lower limb and which possesses at one end the means of the mutual actions for fixing that flexible belt on the article with the possibility of adjusting the distance, the second flexible belt which covers the foot in the area of its longitudinal arch and whose ends are attached to the first flexible belt on the opposite sides of the article, the element of the tips of the toes-the sole element in the shape of a cross. the three ends of which are spatially bent towards each other, include the foot in the area of the tip of the toes and are connected to each other via fastening elements, and the fourth end is made free and is located under the foot along its entire length, while there are two elastic couplings, which connect the corresponding first and second flexible belt with the element of the tips of the toes-the sole element in the area of the tips of the toes with the possibility of adjusting the distance between them, while the outer surface of each module is made of "Velcro-hedgehog" material, which is adapted for the application of the connection type "Velcro fastening", the corrective-rotational elements connect the second, third and fourth modules in turn with the possibility of their separation, and each corrective-rotational element is made in the form of a strip of elastic material with a relative stretch of 5 to 50% while enabling the correction of the user's movement during its movement and has connection means that regulate the tension of the corrective-rotational elements at each point of their connection with the second, third and fourth modules and have an adhesive surface adapted for enabling "snap" type connection Velcro" with the external surface of the module at any point of that surface depending on the pathology of the user.

It is expedient that each corrective-rotational element has a means to change its length.

It is useful that the aid contains a fifth module, which represents at least one means of correction of the upper limb, performed with the possibility of fixing the shoulder and forearm in a given position while allowing freedom of movement of the elbow joint and whose outer surface is made of "Velcro-hedgehog" material, which is adapted for the application of the "fastening Velcro" type connection, while the means of correction of the upper limb contains the first and second spatially bent flexible tapes, which cover the upper limb, correspondingly above the elbow joint and below the elbow joint and fixed in that place with the possibility of regulating the distance via the fastening elements, which exist at one end of each spatially bent flexible strip, while the flexible strips are joined in the area of the forearm by opposite longitudinal edges, there is also a flexible element of the hand, ergonomically adapted for fixing on the palm and separating the thumb of the upper limb in the shape of the letter V and a means of fixing on the hand with the possibility of regulating the tension force of the flexible element of the hand, which is connected to another flexible strip via at least one elastic coupling with which the flexible element of the hand is connected to the second flexible strip, where at the ends of the elastic coupling there are connecting means, which regulate the tension of that coupling at the point of its connection with the flexible element of the hand and the second flexible strip, while there is at least one corrective-rotational element that connects the fifth module to the first module with the possibility of their separation, made in the form of a strip of elastic material with a relative elongation of 5 to 50% and which enables the correction of the movement of the upper limb during its functions, while the corrective-rotational element has connection means, which regulate its tension at the point of connection with the first and fifth modules, and an adhesive surface, adapted to enable connection of the "Velcro fastening" type anywhere on the outer surface of the first and fifth modules, depending on the pathology of the user.

It is desirable that each mentioned corrective-rotational element of the means of correction of the upper extremity has a means of changing its length.

In doing so, the stated goals can be achieved most effectively by creating an aid for users with the consequences of damage to the central nervous system and/or injuries to the locomotor apparatus of the body, which contains a recliner, which is located on the upper part of the user's body and which is adapted to separate the shoulders and bring the shoulder blades closer to the spine; means of correcting the middle part of the user's body, located in the lumbar region; at least one means of correcting the thigh and lower leg of the lower extremity, performed with the possibility of fixing the thigh and lower leg in a given position; at least one means of correction of the ankle joint and fingers of the lower limb, made with the possibility of fixing the foot in relation to the ankle joint, numerous corrective-rotational elements and numerous connecting means, while in accordance with the invention, the mentioned elements of the aid represent separate modules, which cover certain areas of the user's body, each of them is made with the possibility of independent application, while the recliner represents the first module and contains the first and second flexible tape, each of them is made spatially bent in the form of a loop, so that it forms first and second straps, each of which includes a corresponding shoulder joint and has a means of mutual action, which mutually connects the first ends of the first and second flexible straps with the possibility of regulating the distance between them and which is located on the back of the user, while the other ends of the first and second flexible straps are attached respectively to the first and second flexible straps near the means of action, the correction means of the middle part is a second module, adapted for the correction of the spine without vertical load and contains a corset, which has a complex profiled shape, which enables the correction of the spine without mutual vertical load, approx therefore, the first part of the corset covers the body of the user in the lumbar region and has a means for fixing that part on the body of the user in the transverse direction, and the second part of the corset covers the back in the area of the shoulder blades, at least one means of correcting the thigh and lower leg of the lower limb is the third module, made with the possibility of fixing the thigh and lower leg in a given position while allowing freedom of movement of the knee joint and contains the first and second flexible bandages, which cover the lower limb, correspondingly above the knee joint and below knee joint and fixed in that place with the possibility of adjusting the distance via the fastening elements, which are located at one end of each of the flexible bandages, while the flexible bandages are joined in the area of the lower leg by opposite longitudinal edges, and at least one means of correction of the ankle joint and the fingers of the lower limb is the fourth module, made with the possibility of fixing the foot in relation to the ankle joint in the frontal and sagittal plane while allowing freedom of movement of the ankle joint, and containing the first flexible belt, which includes the article below limb and which has at one end a means of mutual action for fixing that flexible strap on the article with the possibility of regulating the distance, a second flexible strap, which covers the foot in the area of the arch and whose ends are attached to the first flexible strap on the opposite sides of the article, an element of the tips of the toes - a plantar element in the shape of a cross, the three arms of which are spatially bent towards each other, which cover the foot in the area of the tip of the toes and which are connected to each other via fastening elements, and the fourth end is designed freely and is located under the foot along its entire length, while there are two elastic couplings, which connect the corresponding first and second flexible belt with the element of the tips of the toes-the sole element in the area of the tips of the toes with the possibility of regulating the distance between them, while the aid has a fifth module, which represents at least one means of correction of the upper limb, made with the possibility of fixing the shoulder and forearm in a given position while allowing freedom of movement of the elbow joint, while the means of correction of the upper limb contains the first and second spatial bent flexible tape, with which it is covered the upper limb, correspondingly above the elbow joint and below the elbow joint and fixed in that place with the possibility of regulating the distance via the fastening elements, which are located at one end of each of the spatially bent flexible strips, while the flexible strips are connected in the area of the forearm by opposite longitudinal edges, while there is a flexible element of the hand, ergonomically adapted for fixing on the palm and for separating the thumb of the upper limb in the shape of the letter V and a means of fixing on the hand with the possibility of regulating the force tensioning of the flexible element of the hand, which is connected to another flexible strip via at least one elastic coupling that connects the flexible element of the hand to the other flexible strip, whereby at the ends of the elastic coupling there are connecting means, which regulate the tension of that coupling at the point of its connection with the flexible element of the hand and the other flexible strip, whereby the outer surface of each module is made of "Velcro-hedgehog" material, which is adapted for the application of "buckle" type connection Velcro", corrective-rotational elements respectively connect the second, third and fourth modules with the possibility of their separation and the first module with the fifth module with the possibility of their separation, and each corrective-rotational element is made in the form of a strip of elastic material with a relative stretch of 5 to 50% while enabling the correction of the user's movement during its movement and has connection means, which regulate the tension of the corrective-rotational elements at each point of their connection with each module and which have an adhesive surface, adapted to enable connection of the type "fastening Velcro" with the external surface of the module at any point of that surface depending on the pathology of the user.

At the same time, it is expedient that each mentioned corrective-rotational element has a means for changing its length.

The reported invention provides conditions for fixing the spine of the user in a corrected position, as well as for its relief and traction in the diagnosis of paralytic scoliosis, Scheerman-Mau disease, traumatic damage to the vertebral bodies, typical "hunchback" backs, cerebral palsy, osteochondrosis of the spinal column and other similar diseases.

The proposed aid, thanks to the realized mechanical correction of the coupling without applying load on the spine, contributes to the elimination of the influence of delayed-tonic reflexes at the expense of disassembling the shoulders and their firm fixation in that position. The proposed invention enables a reflective reduction of the pathological tone of the chest muscles and the muscles of the pelvic and shoulder girdle, a reflective reduction of the tone of the lower extremities, and in this way it is possible to strengthen and fix the maximum physiological position of the upper and lower extremities in the shoulder joint, elbow joint, radiocarpal joint, pelvic-femoral joint, knee joint, ankle joint and foot joints in a resting and dynamic state. In addition, the proposed invention enables the normalization of muscle tone and an increase in muscle strength and endurance, which can be evaluated as a consequence of the training function of the reported device.

The proposed invention does not provide for the creation of a unique flexible skeleton for the user's body, which eliminates all the above-mentioned negative consequences of its presence. At the same time, each module of the proposed invention performs its function of achieving the goals set in the invention, for example, the recliner, which is performed in accordance with the invention, is designed to form a correct posture, and the corrective corset, performed in accordance with the invention, enables the correction of the spine without applying a load on it, the complex bandage of the thighs and lower legs and the corrective aid for the ankle joint and toes, performed in accordance with the invention, allows them to be used simultaneously with the proposed aid and others known corrective aids.

The aid has a fifth module for increasing the functional capabilities of the proposed invention, specifically for the treatment of patients, for example, after a stroke and children with cerebral palsy with spastic muscle tone of the upper extremities, and which is connected to the first module via at least one corrective-rotational element.

The constructive performance of the fifth module enables the simultaneous correction of the pathology of the entire upper extremity, while maintaining the freedom of movement of the elbow joint.

In order to expand the functional potential of the proposed device, specifically for the treatment of, for example, those suffering from brain trauma or with trauma to various parts of the spine, the proposed device can have a device adapted for placement in the sternum area and/or a device adapted for placement in the area of the vena cava, and/or a device that represents an aid for the correction of the cervical part of the spine.

The presence of a means for changing the length of each corrective-rotational element makes it possible to use one and the same proposed aid with different age groups of users, as well as to increase or decrease the load in the process of applying the aid.

At the same time, the recliner strip can be of different widths, including enough to form a vest.

In accordance with the invention, the outer surface of the constructive components of the aid is made of a material that corresponds to the first surface of the "Velcro" fastener, while each fastening element has a surface that corresponds to the surface of the "Velcro" fastener.

The aforementioned constructive solution increases the universality of the proposed aid and allows the aid to be used in the treatment of a large number of different pathologies, and during the treatment process, without removing it, to change the position of individual modules and module elements in relation to each other depending on the course of the disease and the present treatment effect, which allows the same aid to be used in the treatment process, without resorting to the use of other aids, which significantly increases its functional potential.

The proposed aid can be used together with other known orthopedic devices that regulate the position, for example of the toes or the hands, or the neck or the head.

At the same time, the application of the proposed invention makes it possible to carry out a correction that has a complex character, which consists of a combined reduction of the load on the spine and the creation of corrective dosed loads, aimed at the upper and lower extremities.

Brief description of the drawing

For a better understanding of the invention, concrete examples of implementation are listed below, in which reference is made to the attached drawings, which contain the following: Fig. 1. shows the proposed aid, performed in accordance with the invention, isometric, the first version of the implementation;

Drawing 2. proposed aid, performed in accordance with the invention, isometric, second version of the implementation;

Drawing 3. proposed aid, performed in accordance with the invention, isometry, third version of the implementation;

Drawing 4. the proposed aid, performed in accordance with the invention, isometric, fourth variant of execution;

Drawing 5. proposed aid for the treatment of patients with impaired function of the lower extremities, performed in accordance with the invention, isometry;

Drawing 6. proposed aid for the treatment of patients with impaired function of the upper extremities, performed in accordance with the invention, isometry;

Drawing 7. proposed aid for the treatment of patients with impaired muscle function in the area of the shoulder girdle, performed in accordance with the invention, isometry;

Drawing 8. variants of fixing the corrective-rotational elements to the outer surface of any module, performed in accordance with the invention, isometrics;

Drawing 9. Corrective-rotational element with means for changing its length, made in accordance with the invention, isometric.

The best variant of the realization of the invention

The proposed aid for the treatment of patients with the consequences of damage to the central nervous system and/or injuries to the locomotor apparatus of the body, according to the invention, consists of rx>unique modules A, B, C, D, E (fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7), made with the possibility of independent (autonomous) application and does not provide for the creation of a unique flexible skeleton for the user's body (the user is not shown in the drawing). In different variants of the implementation of this invention, a different combination of the mentioned modules can be used, which depends on the pathology of the specific user. At the same time, in the process of performing the treatment with the application of the proposed aid, it is possible to adjust the position of one module in relation to the other or to replace any module.

The first module A reclines in the area of the user's shoulder girdle, i.e. formation of proper posture. It represents a recliner 1 (fig. 1, 2, 3, 7) for the upper part of the body user, which contains a first and a second flexible strap 2, each of which has a first end 3, and these ends 3 are connected to each other via fastening elements 4 with the possibility of regulating the distance between them and placing them on the back of the user. In the capacity of fastening elements 4, any known fastening elements, designed for similar purposes, for example, made in the form of fasteners, can be used. Each of the flexible strips 2 is made bent in a simple loop form, and the other ends 5 of each flexible strip 2 are firmly attached to said strip 2 near the fastening elements 4, so that the first and second shoulder straps are formed, and each of them includes the corresponding shoulder joint of the user's body. Each flexible strip 2 of the recliner 1 may have a width sufficient to form a vest.

The second module B is a means of correcting the middle part of the user's body, it is located in the lumbar area and is adapted for correcting the spine without vertical load. The proposed means of correcting the middle part of the user's body is the corset 6, which has a complex profiled shape that enables the correction of the spine without loading. In addition, the corset 6 has a first part 7 that covers the body of the user in the lumbar region and a second part 8 that covers the back in the region of the shoulder blades of the user. The aforementioned parts 7 and 8 are performed as a single unit. At the same time, the first part 7 has means 9 for fixing it on the user's body in the transverse direction.

In another embodiment, the proposed means of correcting the middle part of the user's body can have only one part 10 (Fig. 4), which is a corset 11, which has a complex profiled shape, which enables the correction of the spine without vertical load, which covers the mentioned body of the user in the lumbar region and which has a means 12 for fixing it on the mentioned body of the user in the transverse direction.

In doing so, the aid may contain a flexible plate 13 which covers part of the mentioned back of the user in the area of the shoulder blades, and which is placed between the recliner 1 and the spine of the user. The outer surface of the plate 13 is made of "Velcro-hedgehog" material, which is adapted for the application of the connection of the "Velcro fastening" type, and is intended for connection with the first and second strips of the recliner 1. on the inner side of each of them there is an adhesive surface, adapted for enabling the connection of the "Velcro fastening" type with the mentioned outer surface of the said plate 13. At the same time, in the lower part of the flexible plate 9, there is a means of connection 14 intended for connecting with the said second module B, which must have a connecting means 15, made with the possibility of connecting with the connecting means 14 of the flexible plate 13.

At the same time, the corset can be made in any other known construction, designed to enable the correction of the spine without applying a vertical load to it, for example, the "Bekkera" corset.

With the offered device, depending on the pathology of the user, device F can be used for placement in the area of the sternum and/or device G for placement in the area of the clavicle, and/or a device that represents an aid for the correction of the cervical part of the spine (not shown in the drawing), or any other known device that complements the proposed device.

The third module C represents at least one means 16 of correcting the thigh and lower leg of the lower limb of the specified body of the user, performed with the possibility of fixing the specified thigh and lower leg in a given position while allowing freedom of movement of the knee joint of the lower limb. There must be two listed modules in case the user has pathology in both lower extremities.

Means 16 for correcting the thigh and lower leg of said lower extremity of said user's body comprises: a first flexible bandage 17, which covers said lower extremity above said knee joint thereof and which has a first end, a second end and a longitudinal edge having a middle part; a second flexible bandage 18, which includes said lower extremity below said knee joint and which has a first end, a second end and a longitudinal edge, which is located opposite said longitudinal edge of said first flexible bandage 17 and which has a middle part firmly connected to said middle part of said longitudinal edge of said first flexible bandage 17; place 19 joining of said middle parts of said opposite longitudinal edges of said first and second flexible bandages 17, 18, which is located in the region of the lower leg of said lower extremity; first mutual action means 20 (fastening element) by which the first end and the second end of the first flexible bandage 17 are connected to each other for fixing it above the knee joint, enabling the distance between the ends to be regulated; second mutual action means 20 (fastening element) by which the first end and the second end of the second flexible bandage 18 are connected to each other for fixing it under the knee joint with the possibility of regulating the distance between the ends.

The fourth module D represents at least one means 21 of the correction of the ankle joint and the fingers of the lower limb of the specified body of the user, performed with the possibility of fixing the foot of the specified lower limb in relation to the ankle joint in the frontal and sagittal plane while allowing freedom of movement of the ankle joint. There must be two listed modules in case the user has pathology in both lower extremities. The means 21 of the correction of the ankle joint and the fingers of the lower limb contains the first flexible belt 22, which covers the ankle of the mentioned lower limb and the second flexible belt 23, which covers the foot in the region of its longitudinal arch. The first flexible belt 22 has a means 24 of mutual action, which connects the ends of the first flexible belt 22 to each other for its fixation on the article with the possibility of regulating the distance between those ends. The ends of the second flexible belt 23 are attached via fastening elements 25 to the first flexible belt 22 on opposite sides of the article. Means 21 also has an element of the tips of the fingers - a sole element 26 in the shape of a cross, which has first, second, third and fourth ends 27, 28, 29, 30 of which there are fastening elements 31 on the first, second and third 27, 28, 29. The first, second and third ends 27, 28, 29, which are spatially bent towards each other, include the foot in the region of the tips fingers of the lower limb and are connected to each other via fastening elements 31. The fourth end 30 is made free and is placed under the said foot along its entire length, including the heel. There are two elastic couplings 32, each of which connects the corresponding first and second flexible straps 22, 23 with the toe-tip-sole element 26 in the toe area with the possibility of regulating the distance between them.

The interaction means 20, 24 and the fastening elements 25, 31 can be made in any known construction, which is intended for analogous purposes.

In addition, the proposed aid contains numerous corrective-rotational elements 33, which respectively connect the second, third and fourth modules with the possibility of their separation. The amount of corrective-rotational elements 33 depends on the user's pathology. For example, on fig. 1. and crt. 2. the proposed aids are shown, in each of which there are four corrective-rotational elements 33 intended for connecting the second and third modules, in fig. 3 shows the proposed aid that has one corrective-rotational element 33, intended for connecting the second and third modules, and in fig. 4 shows the proposed aid, which has five corrective-rotational elements 33 intended for connecting the second and third modules.

In addition, with the appropriate pathology of the user, the proposed aid can contain at least one means 34 of correction of the upper extremity of the specified body of the user, which performs the function of the fifth E module, performed with the possibility of fixing the shoulder and forearm of the upper extremity in a given position while allowing freedom of movement of the elbow joint. When the user has pathology in both upper extremities, there must be two such means 34.

The upper extremity correction means (34) comprises a first spatially bent flexible strip 35, which embraces the upper extremity above the elbow joint and which has a first end, a second end and a longitudinal edge having a middle part; the second spatially bent flexible strip 36, which includes the upper limb below the elbow joint and which has a first end, a second end and a longitudinal edge, which is located opposite the longitudinal edge of the first flexible strip 35 and which has a middle part, connected to the middle part of the longitudinal edge of the first flexible strip 35; the place where the middle parts of the opposite longitudinal edges of the first and second flexible strips 35, 36 are joined, located in the area of the forearm of the mentioned upper extremity; first means of mutual action 37, by which the first end and the second end of the first flexible strip 35 are connected to each other for fixing the first flexible strip 35 above the elbow joint with the possibility of regulating the distance between said ends; second means of mutual action 37, by which the first end and the second end of the second flexible for fixing the second flexible tape 36 under the elbow joint are connected to each other with the possibility of regulating the distance between the said ends; flexible hand element 38, ergonomically adapted for fixing on the palm and separating the thumb of the upper limb in the form of the letter V, the first end and the second end of which each has a means of fixation 39 on the hand of the upper limb with the possibility of regulating the tension force of the flexible hand element 38; at least one elastic coupling 40 performed analogously to the corrective-rotation elements 33 and which connects the flexible element 38 of the hand with the second flexible strip 36 and has a first end and a second end; connecting means 41, which exists at the first and second ends of the elastic coupling 40, which regulates the tension of said coupling 22 at the point of its connection with the flexible element of the hand 28 and the second flexible strip 26.

The fifth module E is connected with the possibility of separation with the first module A via corrective-rotational elements 33, performed analogously to those described above. The quantity of these corrective-rotational elements 33 depends on the user's pathology. For example, on fig. 2 shows the proposed aid that has two corrective-rotational elements 33, intended for connecting every fifth and first module, on fig. 3 shows the proposed aid, which has one corrective-rotational element 33, intended for connecting the first and fifth modules, and in fig. 4 shows the proposed aid that has two corrective-rotational elements 33, intended for connecting the fifth and first modules.

The outer surface of each module is made of "Velcro-hedgehog" material, which is adapted for the application of "Velcro fastening" type connections;

Each corrective-rotational element 33 and each elastic coupling 40 are made in the form of a strip of elastic material with a relative stretch of 5 to 50% and enable the correction of the user's movement during its movement and/or functioning.

Each of the corrective-rotational elements 33 and each elastic coupling 40 of the proposed aid is made of a material that stretches and thus enables a correction that corresponds to the pathology of the user, for example, from fabric "Trikor" or "Neopren".

On each corrective-rotational element 33 there are connecting means 41, which regulate the tightening of the corrective-rotational elements 33 at the point of their connection with each of the modules. At the same time, each connecting means 41 has an adhesive surface, adapted to enable a connection of the "Velcro" type at any place of the mentioned external surfaces of each module, depending on the pathology of the user.

Said corrective-rotational elements 33 can connect the modules with the application of the connecting means 41 directly, as already described above. But the connection can be achieved through fixed-connecting means 42, each of which is made of two layers attached to each other. The outer surface of the first layer of two layers is made of cd "Velcro-hedgehog" material, adapted for the application of "Velcro fastening" type connection, the outer surface of the second layer is made of adhesive, adapted for the application of "Velcro fastening" type connection. Each fixed-connecting means 42 has at least one clip 43. At the same time, each connecting means 41, which exists on each of the corrective-rotating elements 33, must have a "Velcro-hedgehog" surface, adapted to enable a connection of the "Velcro" type.

At the same time, each corrective-rotational element 33 can have a means 44 for changing its length. Said means 44 can be a fixator, made in the form of two oval elements. Or it can be any other known construction, intended for analogous purposes.

As already stated above, each of the modules A, B, C, D, E of the proposed aid, depending on the pathology of the user, can be used autonomously, independently of the application of other modules.

For example, the first module A can be used as an autonomous aid 45 (fig. 7) for the treatment of patients with impaired muscle function in the shoulder girdle area.

The third and fourth modules C, D can be used as an autonomous aid 46 (fig. 5) for the treatment of patients with impaired function of the lower extremities.

The fifth module E can be used as an autonomous aid 47 (fig. 6) for the treatment of patients with impaired function of the upper extremities.

The proposed aid is applied as follows.

We will consider the variant, when the user's pathology requires the application of the proposed aid as a whole, i.e. of the proposed aid, which contains the first, second, third, fourth and fifth modules. First, the first and second modules A, B are placed on the user, and then the third, fourth and fifth modules C, D, E. In this case, the second module B is the basis for placing energy circuits for the lower extremity. Depending on the pathology of the user and in connection with the same medical indications, the quantity and length of the corrective-rotational elements 33, with which the corresponding modules are connected, is determined. Then the third and fourth modules C. D are connected to the second module B and the fifth module E to the first module A through the corrective-rotational elements 33, thus building dosed energy circuits on the lower and upper extremities. The amount and length of the corrective-rotational elements 33, which connect the corresponding modules, is determined depending on the dimensions of the user and his existing pathology. Using the connecting means 41, the modules are attached according to the selected scheme.

According to medical indications, other known orthopedic aids can be used simultaneously with the proposed aid. For example, different head restraints can be used, for example, soft head restraints (Schanz collar analogies) of various materials of compact, filled, pneumatic and other constructions. In addition, different fixing aids can be used, for example, with an orthopedic sole, a shoe or an orthopedic device, which are fixed on the offered aid via their fastening elements. Then, the user's dynamic test is carried out in the completed product and, if necessary, the correction of the power circuits is carried out. In the process of applying the proposed aid, the length of the corrective-rotational elements can be corrected if necessary, and the place of their attachment to the outer surface of the corresponding module can also be changed.

Example 1.

Patient S. V., 32 years old.

Diagnosis: Compression fracture of Th12-L2 vertebrae with spinal cord injury, slow paresis of the lower extremities.

During the examination of the patient, hypotrophy of the muscles of the lower extremities, slow reflexes, was noted. In the supine position - equino-varus foot position. In a vertical position, the foot is in a flat-valgus position. The knee joints are not closed by the quadriceps muscles. The function of the saddle muscles is markedly weakened. The function of the pelvic organs is practically preserved. Distinct manifestations of post-traumatic osteochondrosis.

Previously performed treatment using known methods without significant effect.

The mentioned pathology (presence of post-traumatic syndrome) does not allow the application of the aid according to RF patent no. 2054907. considering that the aid affects the entire locomotor system of the user, which is inexpedient in the given case.

Obolcli underwent a one-month treatment with the application of the proposed aid, which contained the first, second, third and fourth modules.

Each exercise session lasted 60 minutes and included the following: walking with an aid for 20 minutes; a complex of medical gymnastics in an upright, sitting, lying position for 30 minutes.

25 sessions were performed in five-day cycles with breaks for one day.

As a result of the treatment, an increase in physical endurance and muscle strength of the lower extremities, a decrease in evening fatigue and back pain, and a significant increase in motor and static function were noted.

Example 2.

Sufferers A. B. 12 years old

Diagnosis: (established at the age of one year) Children's cerebral palsy, spastic diplegia. Intellect preserved. Pronounced "hunchback" type postural damage with the top of the kyphosis at the level of Th8-Th10 was noted.

Previously, medicinal, physiotherapeutic, orthopedic treatment was applied according to known methods. The said treatment had a temporary effect with a relapse that followed in a greater degree.

The patient is recommended to use the proposed aid, which contains the first, second, third and fourth modules.

Each exercise session lasted 40 minutes and included the following: walking with an aid for 10 minutes; a complex of medical gymnastics in an upright, sitting, lying position for 20 minutes.

20 sessions were performed in five-day cycles with two-day breaks.

As a result of the treatment, an increase in the patient's motor and static function and an increase in physical endurance were noted.

Example 3.

Patient I. B., 52 years old.

Diagnosis: severe impairment of cerebral blood flow, hemiparesis of the left side, extended osteochondrosis of vertebrae, herniated disc of L3, L4, L5 vertebra.

Previously treated using known methods without significant clinical improvement.

It is not possible to apply aids according to RF No. 2054907, given that there is extensive osteochondrosis, complicated by radicular symptoms.

The patient is recommended to use the proposed aid, which contains the first, second, third, fourth and fifth modules.

Each exercise session lasted 45 minutes and included the following: walking with an aid for 15 minutes; a complex of medical gymnastics in an upright, sitting, lying position for 20 minutes.

Exercises were performed with arterial pressure control. 20 sessions were performed in five-day cycles with alternating interruptions of two days.

As a result of the treatment, a reduction of the pathological tone in the pectoralis major muscle was noted, which allowed for an increase in the range of motion of the upper extremities, an increase in the tone of the deltoid muscle, and the disappearance of signs of subluxation. In the lumbar region, a tendency to reduce antalgic scoliosis and a subjective improvement of radicular symptoms were noted.

Industrial application

This invention can be used in neurology, neurosurgery, traumatology, orthopedics and cardiology, specifically for the treatment of children with cerebral palsy, patients with spinal injuries, with possible complications of spinal cord injuries, patients with osteochondrodystrophy, scoliosis, kyphoscoliosis, patients with the consequences of brain trauma and major damage to the blood flow of the brain, as well as for rehabilitation in cardiovascular system diseases.

In addition, the proposed aid can be used to correct the user's posture, as well as in the capacity of a different type of trainer when performing sports exercises.

Claims (18)

1. Aid for users with the consequences of damage to the central nervous system and/or injuries to the locomotor apparatus of the body, which contains a recliner (1), which is located in the upper part of the user's body and which is adapted to separate the shoulders and bring the shoulder blades closer to the spine; means of correcting the middle part of the user's body, located in the lumbar region; at least one means (16) of correcting the thigh and lower leg of the lower limb, performed with the possibility of fixing the thigh and lower leg in a given position; at least one means (21) of the correction of the ankle joint and the fingers of the lower limb," performed with the possibility of fixing the foot in relation to the ankle joint, numerous corrective-rotational elements (33) and numerous connecting means (41), indicated by the fact that the mentioned aid elements represent separate modules (A,B,C,D), which cover certain areas of the user's body, each of which is designed with the possibility of independent application, while the recliner (1) represents the first module (A), the second means of correcting the middle part represents module (B), adapted for spine correction without vertical load, at least one means of correcting the thigh and lower leg of the lower limb is the third module (C), made with the possibility of fixing the thigh and lower leg in a given position while allowing freedom of movement of the knee joint, and at least one means of correcting the ankle joint and fingers of the lower limb is the fourth module (D), made with the possibility of fixing the foot in relation to the ankle joint in the frontal and sagittal plane while allowing freedom of movement of the ankle joint, while the outer surface is of each module (A,B,C,D) made of "Velcro-hedgehog" material, adapted for the application of "Velcro fastening" type connection, corrective-rotational elements (33) respectively connect the second, third and fourth modules (B,C,D) with the possibility of their separation, and each corrective-rotational element (33) is made in the form of a strip of elastic material with a relative stretch of 5 to 50% while enabling the correction of the user's movement during its movement and has means for connection (41), which adjust the tension of the corrective-rotational elements (33) at each point of their connection with the second, third and fourth modules (B, CJD) and which have an adhesive surface, adapted for enabling connection of the "Velcro" type with the outer surface of the module (B, C, D) at any point of that surface depending on the pathology of the user. 2. Aid from claim 1, characterized in that each corrective-rotational element (33) has a means (44) for changing its length. 3. The aid from claim 1, indicated by the fact that the recliner (1) contains the first and second flexible straps (2), each of which is designed as spatially bent in the form of a loop, so that the first and second shoulder straps are formed, each of which includes a corresponding shoulder joint and has a means of mutual action (4), which connects the first ends (3) of the first and second flexible straps (2) to each other with the possibility of adjusting the distance between them and which is located on the user's back. dear ends (5) of the first and second flexible strips (2) fixed respectively on the first and dear flexible strips (2) near the interaction means (4). 4. The aid of claim 3, characterized by the fact that it contains a flexible plate (13), which covers the part of the back of the user in the area of the shoulder blades and which is placed between the recliner (1) and the back of the user, while the outer surface of the flexible plate (13) is made of "Velcro-hedgehog" material, adapted for the application of the connection of the "fastening Velcro" type, and is adapted to be connected to the first and second straps (2) of the recliner (1), the inner side of each of them has an adhesive surface, adapted to enable connection of the "Velcro" type with the outer surface of the flexible plate (13), while in the lower part of the plate (13) there is a means of connection (14), adapted to be connected to another module (B). 5. Aid from claim 1, characterized by the fact that the means for correcting the middle part of the user's body contains a corset (6), which has a complex profiled shape, which enables the correction of the spine without vertical load, while the first part (7) of the corset (6) covers the body of the user in the lumbar region and has a means (9) for fixing that part on the body of the user in the transverse direction, and the second part (8) of the corset (6) covers the back in the area of the shoulder blades. 6. Aid from claim 4, indicated by the fact that the means of correcting the middle part of the user's body contains a corset (11), which has a complex profiled form, which enables the correction of the spine without vertical load, which includes the user's body in the lumbar region and has a means (12) for fixing it on the user's body in the transverse direction. and coupling means (15). performed with the possibility of connecting with the connecting means (14) of the flexible plate (13). 7. Aid from claim 1, characterized in that the means (16) for correcting the thigh and lower leg of the lower extremity contain first and second flexible bandages (17,18), which cover the lower extremity, correspondingly above the knee joint and below the knee joint and which are fixed at those places with the possibility of regulating the distance via the fastening elements (20), which exist at one end of each of the flexible bandages (17,18), and the flexible bandages are (17,18) joined in the area of the lower leg by opposite longitudinal edges. 8. Aid according to claim 1, characterized in that the means (21) of the correction of the ankle joint and the fingers of the lower limb contains a first flexible belt (22), which covers the article of the lower limb and which has at one end a means of mutual action (24) for fixing said flexible belt (22) on the article with the possibility of regulating the distance, a second flexible belt (23), which covers the foot in the region of its longitudinal arch and whose ends are attached to the first flexible belt (22) from the opposite sides of the article, the element of the tips of the toes-the sole element (26) in the shape of a cross, the three ends of which (27,28,29) are spatially bent towards each other, which include the foot in the region of the tips of the toes and which are connected to each other via fastening elements (31), and the fourth end (30) is carried out freely and is located under the foot along its entire length, while there are two elastic couplings (32) that connect the corresponding first and other flexible belt (22,23) with the element of the tips of the toes-sole element (26) in the area of the tips of the toes with the possibility of regulating the distance between them. 9. The aid from claim 1, indicated by the fact that it has fixed-connecting means (42) for connecting the corrective-rotational elements (33) with the corresponding module, and each of them has at least one clip (43) and is made of two layers, of which the outer surface of the first one is made of "velcro-hedgehog" material, adapted for the application of the "Velcro fastening" type of connection, and the outer surface of the second layer is made of adhesive, adapted for the application of the type of connection "Velcro fastening", and each connecting means, which exists on each corrective-rotack element (33), has a "Velcro-hedgehog" surface, adapted to enable a "Velcro fastening" type connection. 10. Aid from claim 1, characterized by the fact that it has a fifth module (E), which represents at least one means (34) of upper extremity correction, performed with the possibility of fixing the shoulder and forearm in a given position while allowing freedom of movement of the elbow joint and whose outer surface is made of "Velcro-hedgehog" material, adapted for the application of the "Velcro fastening" type connection, while there is at least one corrective rotary element (33) that connects the fifth module (E) with the first module (A) with the possibility of their separation, made in the form of a strip of elastic material with a relative stretch of 5 to 50% and enables the correction of the movement of the upper extremity during its functioning, whereby the corrective-rotational element (33) has connection means (41), which regulate its tension at the point of connection with the first and fifth modules (AJB), and an adhesive surface, adapted to enable connection of the "Velcro" type at any point of the outer surface of the first and fifth modules (A,E) depending on the user's pathology. 11. Aid from claim 10, characterized in that the corrective-rotational element (33) of the means (34) of the upper extremity correction has a means (44) for changing its length. 12. Aid according to claim 10, characterized in that the means (34) of the correction of the upper extremity contains first and second spatially bent flexible strips (35,36), which include the upper extremity, correspondingly above the elbow joint and below the elbow joint and which are fixed in that place with the possibility of regulating the distance via the fastening elements (37), which are located at one end of each spatially bent flexible strip (3536), while the flexible strips (35,36) are connected in the area of the forearm by opposite longitudinal edges, while there is a flexible element of the hand (38), ergonomically adapted for fixing on the palm and separating the thumb of the upper extremity in the shape of the letter V, and means (39) of fixing on the hand with the possibility of regulating the tension force of the flexible element of the hand (38), which is connected to another flexible strip (36) via at least one elastic coupling (40), which connects the flexible element of the hand (38) with the other with a flexible strip (36), where at the ends of the elastic coupling (40) there are connecting means (4\) which regulate the tension of the coupling (40) at the point of its connection with the flexible element of the hand (38) and another flexible strip (36). 13. An aid for users with the consequences of damage to the central nervous system and/or injuries to the locomotor system of the body, which includes a recliner (1) located in the upper part of the user's body and adapted to separate the shoulders and bring the shoulder blades closer to the spine; means of correcting the middle part of the user's body, located in the lumbar region; at least one means (16) of correcting the thigh and lower leg of the lower limb, performed with the possibility of fixing the thigh and lower leg in a given position; at least one means (21) of correction of the ankle joint and fingers of the lower extremity, performed with the possibility of fixing the foot in relation to the ankle joint, numerous corrective-rotational elements (33) and numerous connecting means (41), indicated by the fact that the mentioned elements of the aid are separate modules (A3.CJD), which cover certain areas of the user's body, each of which is designed with the possibility of independent application, while the recliner (1) represents the first module (A) and contains the first and second flexible strap (2), each of which is made spatially bent in the form of a foot so that the first and second shoulder straps are formed, and each of them includes a corresponding shoulder joint and has a means of mutual action (4), by which the first ends (3) of the first and second flexible straps (2) are connected to each other with the possibility of regulating the distance between them and is located on the user's back, while the other ends (5) of the first and second flexible straps (2) are attached respectively to the first and second flexible straps (2) in the vicinity means of mutual action (4), tool correction of the middle part is represented by the second module (B), adapted for the correction of the spine without vertical load and containing the corset (6), which has a complex profiled form, which enables the correction of the spine without vertical load, while the first part (7) of the corset (6) includes the body of the user in the lumbar region and has a means (9) for fixing that part on the body of the user in the transverse direction, and the second part (8) of the corset (6) covers the back in the area of the shoulder blades, at least one means (16) of thigh correction and shins of the lower limb is represented by the third module (C), made with the possibility of fixing the thigh and shin in a given position while allowing freedom of movement of the knee joint and containing the first and second flexible bandages (17,18), which cover the lower limb, correspondingly above the knee joint and below the knee joint and which are fixed in that place with the possibility of regulating the distance via the fastening elements (20), which exist at one end of each of the flexible bandages (17,18), while the flexible bandages are (17,18) connected in the area of the lower leg by opposite longitudinal edges, and at least one means (21) of the correction of the ankle joint and the fingers of the lower limb represents the fourth module (D), made with the possibility of fixing the foot in relation to the ankle joint in the frontal and sagittal plane while allowing freedom of movement of the ankle joint and which contains the first flexible belt (22) which covers the ankle of the lower limb and which has at one end a means (24) of mutual action for fixing the mentioned flexible belt (22) on the article with the possibility of regulating the distance, the second flexible belt (23), which covers the foot in the area of its longitudinal arch and whose ends are attached to the first flexible belt (22) from the opposite sides of the article, the element of the tips of the fingers-the sole element (26) in the shape of a cross, the three ends of which (27,28,29) are spatially bent towards each other, which cover the foot in the area fingertips and which are connected to each other via elements for fastening (31), and the fourth end (30) is made free and is located under the foot along its entire length, while there are two elastic couplings (32) which connect the corresponding first and second flexible belt (22,23) with the element of the tips of the toes-sole element (26) in the area of the tips of the toes with the possibility of regulating the distance between them, while the outer surface of each module (A3,CJD) is made of "velcro-hedgehog" material, adapted for the application of the connection type "Velcro fastening", corrective-rotational elements (33) connect the second, third and fourth modules (B, CJD) in turn with the possibility of their separation, and each corrective-rotational element (33) is made in the form of a strip of elastic material with a relative stretch of 5 to 50% while allowing the correction of the user's movement during its movement and has connecting means (41), which regulate the tension of the corrective-rotational elements (33) at each place of their merging with the second, third and by the fourth module (B,CJD) and which have an adhesive surface, adapted to enable "Velcro" type connection with the outer surface of the module (B,C,D) at any point of that surface depending on the pathology of the user. 14. The aid of claim 13, characterized by. that each corrective-rotational element (33) has a means (44) for changing its length. 15. The aid from claim 13. indicated by the fact that it has a fifth module (E) which represents at least one means (34) of upper extremity correction, performed with the possibility of fixing the shoulder and forearm in a given position while allowing freedom of movement of the elbow joint and whose outer surface is made of "Velcro-hedgehog" material, adapted for the application of the "Velcro fastening" type connection, while the means (34) of upper extremity correction contains the first and second spatially bent flexible (35,36), which include the upper limb, correspondingly above the elbow joint and below the elbow joint and which are fixed in that place with the possibility of regulating the distance via the fastening elements (37), which exist at one end of each spatially bent flexible strip (35,36), while the flexible strips (35,36) are joined in the area of the forearm by opposite longitudinal edges, while there is a flexible element of the hand (38), ergonomically adapted for fixing on the palm and separation of the upper thumb V-shaped extremity and a means (39) of fixing on the hand with the possibility of regulating the tension force of the flexible hand element (38), which is connected to another flexible band (36) via at least one elastic coupling (40), which connects the flexible hand element (38) to another flexible band (36), whereby at the ends of the elastic coupling (40) there are connection means (41) that adjust the tension of that coupling (40) at the place of its connection with the flexible element of the hand (38) and the second flexible strip (36), where there is at least one corrective-rotational element (33), which connects the fifth module (E) with the first module (A) with the possibility of their separation, made in the form of a strip of elastic material with a relative stretch of 5 to 50% and enables the correction of the movement of the upper limb during its functioning, while the corrective-rotational element (33) it has a connecting device (41), which regulates it tensioning at the point of connection with the first and fifth modules (AJE) and an adhesive surface, adapted to allow a connection of the "Velcro" type anywhere on the external surface of the first and fifth modules (A,E) depending on the pathology of the user. 16. Aid i/, requirements 15. indicated by that. that the corrective-rotational element (33) of the means (34) of the correction of the upper extremity has a means (44) for changing its length. 17. Aid for users with consequences of damage to the central nervous system and/or injuries to the locomotor apparatus of the body, contains a recliner (1), which is located in the upper part of the user's body and which is adapted to separate the shoulders and bring the shoulder blades closer to the spine; means of correcting the middle part of the user's body, located in the lumbar region; at least one means (16) of correcting the thigh and lower leg of the lower limb, performed with the possibility of fixing the thigh and lower leg in a given position; at least one means (21) of correction of the ankle joint and toes of the lower limb, performed with the possibility of fixing the foot in relation to the ankle joint, numerous corrective-rotational elements (33) and numerous connecting means (41), characterized by the fact that the mentioned elements of the aid represent separate modules (A,B,C,D), which cover certain areas of the user's body, each of which is designed with the possibility of independent application, while the recliner (1) represents the first module (A) and contains the first and another flexible strap (2), each of which is spatially bent in the form of a loop, so that the first and second shoulder straps are formed, each of which includes a corresponding shoulder joint and has a means of interaction (4), which connects the first ends (3) of the first and second flexible straps (2) with the possibility of regulating the distance between them and is located on the back of the user, while the ends (5) of the first and second flexible straps (2) are attached respectively to the first and second flexible strap (2) near the means of interaction (4), the means of correction of the middle part is the second module (B), adapted for the correction of the spine without vertical load and contains a corset (6), which has a complex profiled form, which enables the correction of the spine without vertical load, while the first part (7) of the corset (6) covers the body of the user in the lumbar region and has a means (9) for fixing that part on the body of the user in the transverse direction, and the second part (8) of the corset (6) covers the back in the area of the shoulder blades, at least one means (16) the correction of the thigh and lower leg of the lower limb is represented by the third module (C), made with the possibility of fixing the thigh and lower leg in a given position while allowing freedom of movement of the knee joint and containing the first and second flexible bandages (17,18) which cover the lower limb, correspondingly above the knee joint and below the knee joint and which are fixed in those places with the possibility of regulating the distance via the fastening elements (20), which exist at one end of each of the flexible bandages (17,18), while are flexible bandages (17,18) connected in the area of the lower leg by opposite longitudinal edges, and at least one means (21) of the correction of the ankle joint and the fingers of the lower limb is a fourth module (D) made with the possibility of fixing the foot in relation to the ankle joint in the frontal and sagittal plane while allowing freedom of movement of the ankle joint and containing the first flexible belt (22), which covers the ankle of the lower limb and which has at one end a means of mutual action (24) for fixing the mentioned flexible belt (22) on the article with the possibility of regulating the distance, the second flexible belt (23), which covers the foot in the area of its longitudinal arch and whose ends are attached to the first flexible belt (22) from the opposite sides of the article, the element of the toes-the sole element (26) in the shape of a cross, the three ends (27,28,29) of which are spatially bent towards each other, which covers the foot in the area fingertips and which are connected to each other via fastening elements (31), and the fourth end (30) is made free and is located under the foot along its entire length, while there are two elastic couplings (32) that connect the respective first and second flexible straps (22,23) with the element of the tips of the toes-sole element (26) in the area of the tips of the toes with the possibility of regulating the distance between them, while the aid has a fifth module (E), which represents at least one means (34) of correction of the upper limb, made with the possibility of fixing shoulder and forearm in a given position while allowing freedom of movement of the elbow joint, while the means (34) of the correction of the upper extremity contains the first and second spatially bent flexible tapes (35,36), which include the upper extremity, correspondingly above the elbow joint and below the elbow joint and which are fixed in that place with the possibility of regulating the distance via the fastening elements (37), which exist at one end of each spatially bent flexible tape (35,36), while the flexible tapes (3536) were merged into in the area of the forearm with opposite longitudinal edges, there is a flexible hand element (38), ergonomically adapted for fixing on the palm and separating the thumb of the upper limb in the shape of the letter V and a means (39) of fixing on the hand with the possibility of regulating the tension force of the flexible hand element (38), which is connected to another flexible strip (36) via at least one elastic coupling (40), which connects the flexible hand element (38) with a second flexible strip (36), whereby at the ends of the elastic coupling (40) there are connecting means (41) which regulate the tension of that coupling (40) at the point of its connection with the flexible element of the hand (38) and another flexible strip (36), while the outer surface of each module (A3,C,D,E) is made of "Velcro-hedgehog" material, adapted for the application of the "Velcro fastening" type connection, corrective-rotational elements (33) in turn connect the others, the third and fourth modules (B, C, D) with the possibility of their separation and the first module (A) with the fifth module (E) with the possibility of their separation, and each corrective-rotational element (33) is made in the form of a strip of elastic material with a relative stretch of 5 to 50% while enabling the correction of the user's movement during his movement and has connecting means (41), which regulate the tension of the corrective-rotational elements (33) at each point of their connection with by each module (A,B,C,D,E) and which have an adhesive surface, adapted to enable "Velcro" type connection on the external surface of the module (A3>C,D,E) at any point of that surface depending on the pathology of the user. 18. Aid from claim 17, characterized in that each corrective-rotational element (33) has a means (44) for changing its length.