KR20080057461A - Lng bog 재액화 장치 및 방법 - Google Patents
Lng bog 재액화 장치 및 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- KR20080057461A KR20080057461A KR1020060130784A KR20060130784A KR20080057461A KR 20080057461 A KR20080057461 A KR 20080057461A KR 1020060130784 A KR1020060130784 A KR 1020060130784A KR 20060130784 A KR20060130784 A KR 20060130784A KR 20080057461 A KR20080057461 A KR 20080057461A
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- bog
- nitrogen gas
- nitrogen
- heat exchanger
- lng
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 47
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 321
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 199
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 135
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000004172 nitrogen cycle Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 65
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 32
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 27
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000274 adsorptive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007792 gaseous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013526 supercooled liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
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- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/005—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by expansion of a gaseous refrigerant stream with extraction of work
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- F25J1/0204—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a single-component refrigerant [SCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a single flow SCR cycle
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- F25J1/0264—Arrangement of heat exchanger cores in parallel with different functions, e.g. different cooling streams
- F25J1/0265—Arrangement of heat exchanger cores in parallel with different functions, e.g. different cooling streams comprising cores associated exclusively with the cooling of a refrigerant stream, e.g. for auto-refrigeration or economizer
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- F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
- F25J1/0285—Combination of different types of drivers mechanically coupled to the same refrigerant compressor, possibly split on multiple compressor casings
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Abstract
Description
Claims (12)
- LNG의 저장탱크에서 발생되는 증발증기(BOG)를 BOG 압축수단에 의해 압축시킨 후 응축수단에 의해 응축시키는 BOG 사이클과, 상기 응축수단에 냉열을 공급하는 질소 사이클을 포함하는 LNG BOG 재액화 장치로서,상기 질소 사이클은, 질소가스(작동유체)를 압축시키기 위한 질소가스 압축수단과, 압축된 질소가스를 팽창시키기 위한 팽창수단을 포함하고 있으며,상기 저장탱크와 상기 BOG 압축수단 사이의 BOG 라인에는 상기 저장탱크로부터 유출된 BOG를 고온의 유체와 열교환시킴으로써 상기 저장탱크로부터 유출된 BOG가 갖는 냉열을 회수하는 수단이 구비되어 있으며,상기 BOG 압축수단과 질소사이클 사이에는 상기 압축된 BOG 내에서 질소 가스를 일부 분리하여 제거하고 고농도의 메탄 성분을 BOG 내로 다시 전달함으로써 BOG내의 질소 함량을 줄여주는 질소가스분리유닛이 구비되어 있으며,상기 팽창수단은 압축된 질소가스가 분기되어 각각 공급되는 팽창밸브 및 팽창터빈으로 이루어지며, 상기 팽창밸브는 분기된 상기 질소가스 중 일부의 질소가스를 팽창시킴으로써 극저온 질소가스를 생성하여 상기 응축수단으로 공급하고, 상기 팽창터빈은 분기된 나머지의 질소가스를 팽창시킨 후 상기 응축수단을 통과한 질소가스와 합류시켜 상기 응축수단으로 공급되는 BOG와 열교환을 수행함으로써 상기 응축수단으로 공급되는 BOG를 냉각시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 LNG BOG 재액화 장치.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 냉열 회수 수단은, 상기 저장탱크에서 유출된 직후의 BOG를, 상기 BOG 압축수단에 의해 고압으로 압축된 후의 BOG와 열교환시킴으로써, 상기 저장탱크로부터 유출된 BOG가 갖는 냉열을 상기 BOG 사이클 내로 회수하는 열교환기인 것을 특징으로 하는 LNG BOG 재액화 장치.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,초기 시동시 상기 질소 사이클 내에서 순환하는 질소가스의 온도가 상기 BOG 압축수단을 통과한 BOG의 온도보다 높을 경우, 상대적으로 고온인 질소가스를 상기 압축수단을 통과한 BOG와 열교환시킴으로써 냉각시키기 위한 쿨러를 포함하고 있으며, 상기 쿨러는 상기 응축수단을 통과한 작동유체 순환라인으로부터 분기된 바이패스 라인에 설치되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 LNG BOG 재액화 장치.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 BOG 압축수단은, 저장탱크에서 발생된 BOG에 대해 가압 및 열교환 과정이 반복되도록 복수의 압축기와 복수의 중간냉각기가 연결되어 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 LNG BOG 재액화 장치.
- 청구항 4에 있어서,상기 중간냉각기에서 BOG와 열교환을 수행하는 냉각수로서는 담수나 해수를 사용하는 것을 특징으로 하는 LNG BOG 재액화 장치.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 BOG 압축수단과 상기 응축수단 사이에는 상기 응축수단을 통과한 저온의 작동유체와의 열교환을 통하여 상기 응축수단으로 유입되는 BOG를 냉각하기 위한 제1 열교환기가 설치되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 LNG BOG 재액화 장치.
- 청구항 6에 있어서,상기 제1 열교환기와 상기 질소가스 압축수단 사이에는, 상기 제1 열교환기를 통과한 저온의 질소가스와의 열교환을 통하여 상기 제1 열교환기로 유입되는 질소가스를 냉각시키기 위한 제2 열교환기가 설치되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 LNG BOG 재액화 장치.
- 청구항 7에 있어서,상기 팽창밸브는, 상기 제1 열교환기와 상기 응축수단 사이에 설치되어, 상기 제2 열교환기를 통과한 후 분기되어 상기 제1 열교환기를 통과한 일부의 질소가스를 팽창시켜 상기 응축수단에 공급하며,상기 제2 열교환기를 통과한 후 분기된 나머지의 질소가스는, 상기 제2 열교환기와 상기 제1 열교환기 사이에 설치되는 팽창터빈에 의해 팽창된 후, 상기 응축 수단을 통과한 상기 일부의 질소가스와 합류되어 상기 제1 열교환기에 유입되는 것을 특징으로 하는 LNG BOG 재액화 장치.
- LNG의 저장탱크에서 유출된 직후의 증발증기(BOG)가 갖는 냉열을, 고온의 유체와 열교환시킴으로써 상기 저장탱크로부터 유출된 BOG가 갖는 냉열을 회수하는 단계;상기 저장탱크에서 발생되는 BOG를 BOG 압축수단에 의해 압축하는 단계;상기 압축된 BOG에서 질소를 분리하여 제거하는 단계;상기 질소가 제거된 BOG를 응축수단에 의해 응축시키기 위하여 작동유체인 질소가스를 질소가스 압축수단에 의해 압축하는 단계;상기 압축된 질소가스를 분기하여 일부의 질소가스를 팽창밸브에 의해 팽창시킴으로써 극저온 질소가스를 생성하여 상기 응축수단으로 공급하는 단계;상기 응축수단에서 상기 극저온 질소가스와 상기 압축된 BOG를 열교환시켜 상기 압축 BOG의 적어도 일부를 응축시키는 단계;상기 분기된 질소가스 중 나머지의 질소가스를 팽창터빈에 의해 팽창시킨 후 상기 응축수단을 통과한 질소가스와 합류시켜 상기 응축수단으로 공급되는 BOG와 열교환을 수행함으로써 상기 응축수단으로 공급되는 BOG를 냉각시키는 단계;를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 LNG BOG 재액화 방법.
- 청구항 9에 있어서,초기 시동시 상기 BOG 압축수단과 상기 응축수단 사이의 상기 응축수단을 통과한 작동유체 순환라인으로부터 분기된 바이패스 라인에 설치되는 쿨러에 의해 상기 압축수단을 통과한 저온의 BOG를 상대적으로 고온의 작동유체와 열교환시켜 상기 응축수단에 공급하여 작동유체를 냉각시켜 주는 시동시 열교환 단계; 를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 LNG BOG 재액화 방법.
- 청구항 9에 있어서,상기 냉열 회수 단계는, 상기 저장탱크에서 유출된 직후의 BOG와 상기 BOG 압축수단에 의해 압축된 BOG를, 상기 저장탱크와 상기 BOG 압축수단 사이의 BOG 라인에 설치된 냉열 회수 수단에서 열교환시킴으로써 행해지는 것을 특징으로 하는 LNG BOG 재액화 방법.
- 청구항 9 내지 청구항 11 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,BOG에 대한 상기 압축단계는, 복수의 압축기와 복수의 중간냉각기에 의해 상기 저장탱크에서 발생된 BOG를 반복하여 가압 및 열교환함으로써 행해지는 것을 특징으로 하는 LNG BOG 재액화 방법.
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| KR101027809B1 (ko) * | 2010-02-12 | 2011-04-07 | 한솔이엠이(주) | 액화바이오메탄 제조장치 |
| KR101298623B1 (ko) * | 2011-03-22 | 2013-08-26 | 대우조선해양 주식회사 | 재액화 장치 및 고압 천연가스 분사 엔진을 갖는 해상 구조물의 연료 공급 시스템 및 방법 |
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| KR20150049748A (ko) * | 2013-10-31 | 2015-05-08 | 현대중공업 주식회사 | 액화가스 처리 시스템 |
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| KR101298623B1 (ko) * | 2011-03-22 | 2013-08-26 | 대우조선해양 주식회사 | 재액화 장치 및 고압 천연가스 분사 엔진을 갖는 해상 구조물의 연료 공급 시스템 및 방법 |
| KR101298624B1 (ko) * | 2011-03-22 | 2013-08-26 | 대우조선해양 주식회사 | 재액화 장치 및 고압 천연가스 분사 엔진을 갖는 해상 구조물의 연료 공급 시스템 및 방법 |
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| KR20150049748A (ko) * | 2013-10-31 | 2015-05-08 | 현대중공업 주식회사 | 액화가스 처리 시스템 |
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| JP2018504324A (ja) * | 2015-02-04 | 2018-02-15 | サムスン ヘビー インダストリーズ カンパニー リミテッド | 船舶の蒸発ガス処理装置および処理方法 |
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| KR20160142159A (ko) * | 2015-06-02 | 2016-12-12 | 대우조선해양 주식회사 | 증발가스 재액화 장치 및 방법 |
| KR101672196B1 (ko) * | 2015-06-08 | 2016-11-03 | 삼성중공업 주식회사 | 연료가스 공급시스템 |
| KR20180024251A (ko) * | 2016-08-29 | 2018-03-08 | 현대중공업 주식회사 | 증발가스 재액화 시스템 및 선박 |
| EP3673219A4 (en) * | 2017-08-21 | 2021-10-06 | GE Oil & Gas, LLC | REFRIGERANT AND NITROGEN RECOVERY |
| CN115638607A (zh) * | 2022-10-18 | 2023-01-24 | 西安交通大学 | 一种火星表面甲烷液化系统 |
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