JP7337081B2 - レストレスレッグズ症候群を治療するための治療薬 - Google Patents
レストレスレッグズ症候群を治療するための治療薬 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7337081B2 JP7337081B2 JP2020543526A JP2020543526A JP7337081B2 JP 7337081 B2 JP7337081 B2 JP 7337081B2 JP 2020543526 A JP2020543526 A JP 2020543526A JP 2020543526 A JP2020543526 A JP 2020543526A JP 7337081 B2 JP7337081 B2 JP 7337081B2
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- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
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- A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
- A61K31/195—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group
- A61K31/197—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group the amino and the carboxyl groups being attached to the same acyclic carbon chain, e.g. gamma-aminobutyric acid [GABA], beta-alanine, epsilon-aminocaproic acid or pantothenic acid
- A61K31/198—Alpha-amino acids, e.g. alanine or edetic acid [EDTA]
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
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- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Description
[患者1]
この症例研究の患者は、下肢の下肢近位筋筋力低下を示す55歳の女性であった。彼女は42歳から徐々に進行する頭部の屈筋麻痺があり、筋強直性ジストロフィー2型と診断された(遺伝学的に確認された)。55歳で診察したとき、彼女は、感覚症状を報告しなかったが、過去2年間に発生した、夜間及び1日の休息期間のレストレスレッグズ(むずむず脚)症候群を訴えた。ドーパミン作動薬(dopamine agonist)での前処置(前治療)は症状緩和無しであった。血清クレアチンキナーゼ活性は、400 IU/Lまで、緩やかに上昇しただけであった。患者は、RLS診断インデックス(RLS diagnostic index)(RLS-DI)を使用して評価された(Waltersら、Sleep Med 2003; 4(2):121-132参照)。患者の国際RLS重症度尺度(International Restless Legs Syndrome Rating Scale)スコア(IRLS)は36であったが、それにより、重度のRLSが診断された。患者は、最初の週は1日当たり3gの用量で、その後2週目以降は1日当たり5gの用量で、アセチル-DL-ロイシンによる治療を開始した。アセチル-DL-ロイシン治療の14日以内に、IRLSは26に低下し、更に5週間後、IRLSは9に低下した。治療の12週後、4週間の治療の中断により、IRLSは28に増加した。治療の再導入により、2週間後にスコアが8に再度減少した。22週間を超えて治療を継続すると、IRLSスコアは8で安定した。
この症例研究の患者は、下肢の下肢近位筋筋力低下を示す72歳の女性であった。彼女は48歳から徐々に進行する頭部の屈筋麻痺があり、15年前に筋強直性ジストロフィー2型と診断された(遺伝学的に確認された)。72歳で診察したとき、彼女は、感覚症状を報告しなかったが、過去8年間に渡って発生した、夜間及び1日の休息期間のレストレスレッグズ(むずむず脚)症候群を訴えた。ドーパミン作動薬(dopamine agonist)、L-ドーパ(L-dopa)、プレガバリン(pregabaline)、オピオイド(opiods)による前処置(前治療)では、持続的な症状緩和無しであった。血清クレアチンキナーゼ活性(serum creatine kinase activity)は、300 IU/Lで穏やかに上昇した。鉄の測定及び全ての追加の実験室調査は正常であった。患者はRLS-DIを使用して評価され、患者のIRLSは32であったため、中等度から重度のRLSが診断された。患者は、最初の週は1日当たり3gの用量で、その後2週目以降は1日当たり5gの用量で、アセチル-DL-ロイシンによる治療を開始した。アセチル-DL-ロイシン治療の14日以内に、IRLSは22に低下し、更に5週間後、IRLSは7に低下した。28週間を超えて治療を継続すると、IRLSスコアは8で安定した。
この症例研究の患者は、50歳から緩やかに進行する上肢及び下肢の軽度の近位筋筋力低下をしめした、73歳の男性であった。この患者は、約16年前にマカードル・ミオパチー(McArdle myopathy)と診断された(遺伝学的に確認された)。73歳で診察したとき、彼は感覚症状を報告しなかったが、激しい疲労及び低下したスタミナを訴えた。患者は更に、過去12年に渡って発生した、夜間及び1日の休息期間に、レストレスレッグズ(むずむず脚)症候群を報告した。ドーパミン作動薬(dopamine agonist)、L-ドーパ(L-dopa)、プレガバリン(pregabaline)による前処置(前治療)では、持続的な症状緩和無しであった。血清クレアチンキナーゼ活性(serum creatine kinase activity)は、200 IU/Lで穏やかに上昇したが、しかし、患者は、過去20年間に横紋筋融解症(rhabdomyolysis)の5つのエピソード(episodes)を有していた。鉄の測定を繰り返し、全ての追加の実験室の調査は正常であった。患者はRLS-DIを使用して評価され、患者のIRLSは34であったため、重度のRLSと診断された。患者は、最初の週は1日当たり3gの用量で、その後2週目以降は1日当たり5gの用量で、アセチル-DL-ロイシンによる治療を開始した。アセチル-DL-ロイシン治療の21日以内に、IRLSは20に低下し、更に10週間後、IRLSは10に低下した。30週間を超えて治療を継続すると、IRLSスコアは10で安定した。更に、患者の疲労は53から28に低下した(疲労重症度スケール:9(最小)から63(最大))。
この症例研究の患者は、RLSの症状を示し、病因が不明なRLSの59歳の女性であった。59歳で診察したとき、彼女は、感覚症状を報告しなかったが、過去15年間に渡って発生した、夜間及び1日の休息期間のレストレスレッグズ(むずむず脚)症候群を訴えた。ドーパミン作動薬(dopamine agonist)、L-ドーパ(L-dopa)、プレガバリン(pregabaline)による前処置(前治療)では、持続的な緩和無しであった。鉄の測定及び全ての追加の実験室調査は正常であった。患者はRLS-DIを使用して評価され、患者のIRLSは32であったため、中等度から重度のRLSが診断された。患者は、最初の週は1日当たり3gの用量で、その後2週目以降は1日当たり5gの用量で、アセチル-DL-ロイシンによる治療を開始した。アセチル-DL-ロイシン治療の14日以内に、IRLSは8に低下し、更に2週間後、IRLSは6に低下した。4週間を超えて治療を継続すると、IRLSスコアは6で安定した。
Claims (14)
- 必要性のある対象者において、レストレスレッグズ症候群(RLS)を又はRLSに関連する1又はそれ以上の症状の治療における使用のためのロイシン、アセチルロイシン、又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩を含む医薬組成物。
- RLSがプライマリRLSであることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- RLSがセカンダリRLSであることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- その医薬組成物が、治療有効量のロイシン、アセチルロイシン、又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩を対象者に投与するものであることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- 投与が経時的に行われ、対象者の国際レストレスレッグズ症候群研究グループ評価尺度(IRLS)が、ベースラインと比較して投与後少なくとも10%低下することを特徴とする、請求項4に記載の医薬組成物。
- 対象者の国際レストレスレッグズ症候群研究グループ評価尺度(IRLS)が、ベースラインと比較して投与後少なくとも50%低下することを特徴とする、請求項5に記載の医薬組成物。
- ロイシンがDL-ロイシンであるか、又は、アセチルロイシンが、アセチル-DL-ロイシンであることを特徴とする、請求項1-6のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- ロイシン又はアセチルロイシンが、L-エナンチオマー又はD-エナンチオマーの何れかのエナンチオマー過剰を有することを特徴とする、請求項1-6のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- アセチルロイシンが、1日あたり1gから15gの治療有効量で必要性のある対象者に投与されることを特徴とする、請求項1-8のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 必要性のある対象者においてレストレスレッグズ症候群(RLS)の1又はそれ以上の症状を減衰させ、抑制し、又は除去するときの使用のための医薬組成物であって、その使用は、対象者に治療有効量のロイシン、アセチルロイシン、又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩を投与することを含む医薬組成物。
- 1又はそれ以上の症状は、下肢感覚、睡眠時周期性四肢運動、不快な脚の感覚、動きたい衝動、落ち着きのなさ、日中の過度の眠気、及び睡眠障害から選択されることを特徴とする、請求項10に記載の医薬組成物。
- ロイシンがDL-ロイシンであるか、又は、アセチルロイシンが、アセチル-DL-ロイシンであることを特徴とする、請求項10又は11に記載の医薬組成物。
- ロイシン又はアセチルロイシンが、L-エナンチオマー又はD-エナンチオマーの何れかのエナンチオマー過剰を有することを特徴とする、請求項10又は11に記載の医薬組成物。
- 治療有効量は、1日あたり1gから15gであることを特徴とする、請求項10-13のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
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