JP7353845B2 - ダニ用忌避剤及びダニの忌避方法 - Google Patents
ダニ用忌避剤及びダニの忌避方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7353845B2 JP7353845B2 JP2019135575A JP2019135575A JP7353845B2 JP 7353845 B2 JP7353845 B2 JP 7353845B2 JP 2019135575 A JP2019135575 A JP 2019135575A JP 2019135575 A JP2019135575 A JP 2019135575A JP 7353845 B2 JP7353845 B2 JP 7353845B2
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- Prior art keywords
- repellent
- mites
- phellandrene
- fir
- present
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Description
原料として、トドマツの葉を用い、以下のようにしてトドマツ精油を得た。すなわち、トドマツ葉を圧砕式粉砕機(KYB製作所製)で粉砕したもの約50kgを、図1に示すマイクロ波蒸留装置の蒸留槽に投入し、攪拌しながら蒸留槽内の圧力を、約20KPaの減圧条件下に保持し、(蒸気温度は約67℃)1時間マイクロ波照射し精油を蒸留した。得られた精油の量は180mLであり、投入試料に対する精油の割合は、0.34%であった。
製造例1と同じトドマツの葉を用い、以下の水蒸気蒸留法により、トドマツ精油を得た。すなわち、圧搾式粉砕機(KYB製作所製)で粉砕したトドマツ葉約101gをパイレックス(登録商標)ガラス製フラスコに入れ、5~8倍量の水を加えた後、当該フラスコを湯浴中で90~100℃に加熱し沸騰させた。精油採取管には加熱前に基準線まで水を入れておいた。6時間煮沸を続けて精油を蒸留したところ、精油を0.8mLが得られた。投入試料に対する精油の割合は、0.79%であった。
JIS L 1920「繊維製品の防ダニ性能試験方法」に準じて、ダニの飼育、密度の調整等を行い、図2に示す装置で忌避試験を行った。すなわち、(+)α-ピネン、(-)α-ピネン、(±)カンフェン又はβ-フェランドレンをそれぞれジエチルエーテルで濃度1%に希釈して、各溶液60mgを布に塗布し供試片とした。当該供試片を、直径40mm、高さ8mmのプラスチック製の軟膏容器の蓋にいれ、その中央に誘引用培地0.05gを置いた。直径90mm、高さ20mmのガラスシャーレに生存コナヒョウヒダニ約10000匹を含むダニ培地(飼育培地用粉末飼料と乾燥酵母を質量比1:1で混合したもの;誘引用培地も同じ)2.0gを均一に広げ、その中央部に上記軟膏容器蓋を置いた。これを金属製トレー上に置き、更にこのトレーを湿度調整のため飽和食塩水を入れた食品保存用プラスチック製容器に収容した。当該容器に蓋をして密封し、温度25℃±1℃の室内に設置した。設置から24時間放置した後、供試片及び誘引用培地の全生存ダニ数をカウントした。薬剤処理をしない布を用いたものをブランクとし、この試験を3回繰り返した。3回の試験の合計のカウント数を求め、下記の式により忌避率を求めた。結果を表1に示す。
忌避率(%)=[(ブランクのろ紙上及び誘引用培地の生存ダニ数-薬剤処理区の供試片上及び誘引用培地の生存ダニ数)/ブランクのろ紙上及び誘引用培地の生存ダニ数]×100
ゲル状ダニ忌避剤:
イソパラフィン85gに、β-フェランドレン3gを混合したものにオクチル酸アルミニウム5gを加え、60℃に加熱して攪拌した。これを縦35mm×横35mm×高さ75mmの容器に充填し、室温で3時間静置し、ゲル状のダニ忌避剤を得た。
常温揮散性ダニ忌避剤:
β-フェランドレン0.2gを125mm×65mmのパルプ製ろ紙に含浸させたものを、通気性を有するプラスチックケースに収納して固型忌避剤を調製した。
エアゾール剤:
以下の処方を、市販の200mlエアゾール缶に充填することによって、エアゾール剤を調製した。
有効成分:β-フェランドレン 0.5ml
溶媒 :エタノール 39.0ml
噴射剤 :LPG 30.0ml
噴射剤 :イソペンタン 30.0ml
スプレー剤:
以下の処方を、市販の150mlトリガー製容器に収納してスプレー剤を調製した。
有効成分:β-フェランドレン 0.5g
プロフルトリン 0.01g
溶剤 :エタノール 10g
香料 0.05g
界面活性剤 0.1g
イオン交換水 89.74g
燻蒸剤:
β-フェランドレン3g、アゾジカルボンアミド55g及びタルク35gを混練し、造粒、乾燥して燻蒸剤を調製した。
加熱蒸散剤:
β-フェランドレン300mgを3cm×3cmのパルプ製マットに含浸させ加熱蒸散剤を得た。このものは、加熱ヒーターに接置させることにより有効成分を蒸散する。
粒状忌避剤:
パルプ製の粒状含浸体(平均粒径5mm)50gに、β-フェランドレン15mLを含浸させ、通気性の不織布の袋に入れて粒状の忌避剤を得た。
常温揮散性ダニ忌避剤:
β-フェランドレン0.15g及びエンペントリン0.01gを125mm×65mmのパルプ製ろ紙に含浸させたものを、通気性を有するプラスチックケースに収納して固形忌避剤を調製した。
製剤例2で得られた常温揮散性ダニ忌避剤2個を衣類とともにポリエチレン製の衣類収納袋(75cm×80cm×32cm)に入れてダニの忌避を行った。
製剤例8で得られた常温揮散性ダニ忌避剤2個を寝具とともにポリエチレン製の布団収納袋(150cm×100cm)に入れてダニの忌避を行った。
製剤例2で得られた常温揮散性ダニ忌避剤2個を衣類とともに75L(40cm×75cm×25cm)の衣装ケースに入れてダニの忌避を行った。
2 … … 蒸留槽
3 … … マイクロ波加熱装置
4 … … 撹拌はね
5 … … 気流流入管
6 … … 蒸留物流出管
7 … … 冷却装置
8 … … 加熱制御装置
9 … … 減圧ポンプ
10 … … 圧力調整弁
11 … … 圧力制御装置
12 … … 蒸留対象物
13 … … 蒸留物
20 … … ガラスシャーレ
21 … … ダニ培地
22 … … 軟膏容器の蓋
23 … … 供試片
24 … … 誘引用培地
Claims (5)
- β-フェランドレンを有効成分として含有することを特徴とするダニ用忌避剤であって、ダニがコナヒョウヒダニ及び/又はヤケヒョウヒダニであるダニ用忌避剤。
- 請求項1記載の忌避剤を常温自然蒸散、加熱蒸散、送風蒸散、薫蒸又は噴霧により環境中に放出させてダニに作用させることを特徴とするダニの忌避方法であって、ダニがコナヒョウヒダニ及び/又はヤケヒョウヒダニであるダニの忌避方法。
- 請求項1記載の忌避剤をダニに接触させて作用させることを特徴とするダニの忌避方法であって、ダニがコナヒョウヒダニ及び/又はヤケヒョウヒダニであるダニの忌避方法。
- 請求項1記載の忌避剤を常温自然蒸散、加熱蒸散、送風蒸散、薫蒸又は噴霧により環境中に放出させてダニに作用させることを特徴とするダニの忌避方法であって、ダニがコナヒョウヒダニ及び/又はヤケヒョウヒダニであるダニの忌避方法。
- 請求項1記載の忌避剤をダニに接触させて作用させることを特徴とするダニの忌避方法であって、ダニがコナヒョウヒダニ及び/又はヤケヒョウヒダニであるダニの忌避方法。
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