JP6185621B2 - 熱磁気材料からなる熱交換器床 - Google Patents
熱磁気材料からなる熱交換器床 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6185621B2 JP6185621B2 JP2016057061A JP2016057061A JP6185621B2 JP 6185621 B2 JP6185621 B2 JP 6185621B2 JP 2016057061 A JP2016057061 A JP 2016057061A JP 2016057061 A JP2016057061 A JP 2016057061A JP 6185621 B2 JP6185621 B2 JP 6185621B2
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F7/00—Elements not covered by group F28F1/00, F28F3/00 or F28F5/00
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28C—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
- F28C3/00—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus
- F28C3/10—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus one heat-exchange medium at least being a fluent solid, e.g. a particulate material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/26—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass heat exchangers or the like
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B21/00—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/012—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials adapted for magnetic entropy change by magnetocaloric effect, e.g. used as magnetic refrigerating material
- H01F1/015—Metals or alloys
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2321/00—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
- F25B2321/002—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects by using magneto-caloric effects
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
- Y10T29/49352—Repairing, converting, servicing or salvaging
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Silicon Compounds (AREA)
Description
−個々の流路の断面積が0.001〜0.2mm2の範囲、より好ましくは0.01〜0.03mm2、特に0.015〜0.025mm2の範囲にある、
−壁厚が50〜300μmの範囲、より好ましくは50−150μm、特に85〜115μmの範囲にある、
−空隙率が10〜60%の範囲、より好ましくは15〜35%、特に20〜30%の範囲にある、
−表面/体積比率が3000〜50000m2/m3の範囲、より好ましくは5000〜15000m2/m3の範囲にある。
(AyBy-1)2+δCwDxEz (I)
式中、
Aは、MnまたはCoであり、
Bは、Fe、CrまたはNiであり、
CとDとE:CとDとEの少なくとも二つは異なり、常にゼロ濃度でなく、PとB、Se、Ge、Ga、Si、Sn、N、As、Sbから選ばれ、CとDとEのうち少なくとも一つはGeまたはSiであり、
δは、−0.1〜0.1の範囲の数字であり、
wとxとyとzは、0〜1の範囲の数字であり、w+x+z=1である;
La(FexAl1-x)13HyまたはLa(FexSi1-x)13Hy (II)
式中、
xは、0.7〜0.95の数字であり、
yは、0〜3の、好ましくは0〜2の数字である;
La(FexAlyCoz)13またはLa(FexSiyCoz)13 (III)
式中、
xは、0.7〜0.95の数字であり、
yは、0.05〜1−xの数字であり、
zは、0.005〜0.5の数字である;
LaMnxFe2-xGe (IV)
式中、
xは、1.7〜1.95の数字である;
Gd5(SixGe1-x)4 (V)
式中、xは、0.2〜1の数字である;
Tb5(Si4-xGex) (VI)
式中、x=0、1、2、3又は4である;
XTiGe (VII)
式中、X=Dy、Ho又はTmである;
Mn2-xZxSb (VIII)
Mn2ZxSb1-x (IX)
式中、
Zは、Cr、Cu、Zn、Co、V、As又はGeであり、
xは0.01〜0.5であり、
ZがAsでないとき、SbはAsで置き換えられていてもよい。
Gd5(SixGe1-x)4
式中、Xは、0.2〜1の数字である;
は、例えば、Gd5(Si0.5Ge0.5)4、Gd5(Si0.425Ge0.575)4、Gd5(Si0.45Ge0.55)4、Gd5(Si0.365Ge0.635)4、Gd5(Si0.3Ge0.7)4、Gd5(Si0.25Ge0.75)4である。
a)その金属系材料に相当する化学量の化学元素及び/又は合金を、固体及び/又は液相で反応させ、
b)適当ならこの工程a)からの反応生成物を固化させ、
c)工程a)またはb)からの固体を焼成及び/又は熱処理し、
d)工程c)からの焼成及び/又は熱処理後の固体を少なくとも100K/sの冷却速度で急冷することからなる熱磁気材料の製造方法が好ましい。
脱気したMnFePGeのプレス品を含む石英アンプルを1100℃で10時間維持して、この粉末を焼成した。この焼成後に650℃で60時間熱処理して均一化させた。炉中で室温までゆっくり冷却するのでなく、直ちに室温の水中で急冷した。この水中での急冷により、試料表面である程度の酸化が起こった。表面の酸化層を希酸で溶解除去した。XRDパターンから、すべての試料がFe2P型構造で結晶化していることがわかった。
Mn1.1Fe0.9P0.81Ge0.19、Mn1.1Fe0.9P0.78Ge0.22、Mn1.1Fe0.9P0.75Ge0.25、Mn1.2Fe0.8P0.81Ge0.19。これらの試料の熱ヒステリシスの測定値は、この順序でそれぞれ7K、5K、2K、3Kであった。徐冷した試料の熱ヒステリシスは10Kを超え、これに較べると、熱ヒステリシスが大幅に減少した。
MnFeP(GeSb)の溶融紡糸
WO2004/068512とJ. Appl. Phys. 99,08 Q107 (2006)に記載のようにして、ボールミル中で高エネルギー下での固相反応法で多結晶性MnFePC(Ge,Sb)合金を製造した。これらの材料を、次いでノズルを備えた石英チューブに入れた。内部を10-2mbarの真空とし、高純度アルゴンガスで満たした。高周波加熱で試料を溶融し、回転銅ドラムを含んでいる槽中に、差圧でノズルから噴出させた。この銅ホイールの表面速度は制御可能であり、約105K/sの冷却速度を得ることができた。次いで、得られたリボンを900℃で1時間熱処理した。
積層状の磁気熱量材料からなる充填床または構造床と磁石と熱移動流体とからなる簡単な磁気熱量発電器を評価し、次の結果を得た:
以下の表には、異なる運転周波数での正味電力(冷却電力−熱移動流体を動かすのに必要な電力)をまとめて示す。
Claims (10)
- 平均粒径が50μm〜400μmの範囲にあり、充填床における空隙率を36〜40%の範囲とする熱磁気材料粒子からなる充填熱交換器床であって、
前記熱磁気材料粒子の熱磁気材料が、一般式(I)の化合物:
(AyB1−y)2+δCwDxEz (I)
式中、
Aは、Mnであり、
Bは、Feであり、
C、D及びEは、C、D及びEの少なくとも2種は異なり、ゼロ濃度になることはなく、P、Ge、Si、As及びSbから選ばれ、
δは、−0.1〜0.1の範囲の数字であり、
w、x、y、zは、0〜1の範囲の数字であり、w+x+z=1である;
から選ばれる熱交換器床において、
前記一般式(I)の化合物が、Mn、Fe及びPに加えて、更にGe又はSi又はAs、又はGe及びSi、又はGe及びAs、又はSi及びAsを含む一般式(I)の少なくとも四元の化合物から選ばれ、
前記熱磁気材料粒子はポリマーバインダーで被覆されたことを特徴とする充填熱交換器床。 - 上記材料粒子の粒径が、平均粒径から20%を超えない差である請求項1に記載の熱交換器床。
- 前記材料粒子が、球状、ペレット状、シート状または円柱状である請求項1または2に記載の熱交換器床。
- 上記材料粒子が球状である請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の熱交換器床。
- 前記一般式(I)の化合物が、Sbを含む請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の熱交換器床。
- 個々の流路の断面積が0.01〜0.025mm2の範囲であり、壁厚が85μm〜150μmであり、空隙率が10〜60%の範囲であり、表面/体積比率が3000〜50000m2/m3の範囲である連続流路を有するか、あるいはシート厚が0.1〜2mmでシート間隔が0.05〜1mmである複数の平行シートを有する熱磁気材料モノリスからなる熱交換器床であって、
前記熱磁気材料モノリスの熱磁気材料が、一般式(I)の少なくとも四元の化合物:
(AyB1−y)2+δCwDxEz (I)
式中、
Aは、Mnであり、
Bは、Feであり、
C、D及びEは、C、D及びEの少なくとも2種は異なり、ゼロ濃度になることはなく、P、Si、As及びSbから選ばれ、C、D及びEのうち少なくとも1種はPであり、C、D及びEのうち少なくとも1種はSiであり、
δは、−0.1〜0.1の範囲の数字であり、
w、x、y、zは、0〜1の範囲の数字であり、w+x+z=1であることを特徴とする熱交換器床。 - 前記空隙率が20〜30%である請求項6に記載の熱交換器床。
- 前記個々の流路の断面積が0.01〜0.03mm2であり、壁厚が50〜150μmである請求項6または7に記載の熱交換器床。
- 請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の熱交換器床を製造する方法であって、
熱磁気材料の粉末を成形して熱磁気材料粒子を形成する工程、及び次いでこの材料粒子を充填して前記熱交換器床を形成する工程を含む製造方法。 - 請求項6〜8のいずれか一項に記載の熱交換器床を製造する方法であって、
前記熱磁気材料を押出成型、射出成型または成型によりモノリスを形成する製造方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP09167550.4 | 2009-08-10 | ||
| EP09167550 | 2009-08-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012524183A Division JP2013502061A (ja) | 2009-08-10 | 2010-07-29 | 熱磁気材料からなる熱交換器床 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2016173228A JP2016173228A (ja) | 2016-09-29 |
| JP6185621B2 true JP6185621B2 (ja) | 2017-08-23 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012524183A Pending JP2013502061A (ja) | 2009-08-10 | 2010-07-29 | 熱磁気材料からなる熱交換器床 |
| JP2012524182A Pending JP2013501910A (ja) | 2009-08-10 | 2010-07-29 | 積層状の磁気熱量材料からなる熱交換器床 |
| JP2015204260A Pending JP2016040512A (ja) | 2009-08-10 | 2015-10-16 | 積層状の磁気熱量材料からなる熱交換器床 |
| JP2016057061A Expired - Fee Related JP6185621B2 (ja) | 2009-08-10 | 2016-03-22 | 熱磁気材料からなる熱交換器床 |
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| JP2012524183A Pending JP2013502061A (ja) | 2009-08-10 | 2010-07-29 | 熱磁気材料からなる熱交換器床 |
| JP2012524182A Pending JP2013501910A (ja) | 2009-08-10 | 2010-07-29 | 積層状の磁気熱量材料からなる熱交換器床 |
| JP2015204260A Pending JP2016040512A (ja) | 2009-08-10 | 2015-10-16 | 積層状の磁気熱量材料からなる熱交換器床 |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (3) | US9147511B2 (ja) |
| EP (3) | EP3128520B1 (ja) |
| JP (4) | JP2013502061A (ja) |
| KR (4) | KR20120053033A (ja) |
| CN (2) | CN102511067B (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU2010283855A1 (ja) |
| BR (2) | BR112012003125A2 (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2770862A1 (ja) |
| RU (2) | RU2012108925A (ja) |
| TW (2) | TW201111731A (ja) |
| WO (2) | WO2011018348A2 (ja) |
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